Most important Questions (Class 10th Maths)

Surface Areas and Volumes

1. A juice seller was serving his customers using glasses as shown in Fig, The inner
diameter of the cylindrical glass was 5 cm, but the bottom of the glass had a
hemispherical raised portion which reduced the capacity of the glass. If the height
of the glass was 10 cm, find the apparent capacity of the glass and its actual
capacity. (Use π = 3.14).
Solution –
Since, the inner diameter of the glass = 5 cm and height =10 cm, the apparent
capacity of the glass = πr2h
= (3.14 x 2.5 x 2.5 x 10) cm3 = 196.25 cm3
But the actual capacity of the glass is less by the volume of the hemisphere at the
base of the glass.

= 32.71 cm3
So, the actual capacity of the glass
= apparent capacity of glass - volume of the hemisphere
= (196.25 - 32.71) cm3 = 163.54 cm3

2. Two cubes have their volumes in the ratio 1: 27. Find the ratio of their surface areas
Solution –
Let r1 and r2 be the edges of the two cubes respectively.

Ratio of their volumes =

Ratio of their surface area

3. A heap of rice is in the form of a cone of base diameter 24 m and height 3.5 m. Find
the volume of the rice. How much canvas cloth is required to just cover the heap
Solution –
For cone, Height (h) - 3.5 m

Volume of the conical heap of rice

Canvas cloth required to just cover the heap

4. A right circular cylinder and a cone have equal bases and equal heights. If their
curved surface areas are in the ratio 8: 5, show that the ratio between the radius of
their bases to their height is 3: 4.
Solution –
A cylinder and a cone have equal bases and equal heights.
Let r be the radius of both cylinder and cone and h be the height of cylinder and cone
Therefore, slant height of cone

Ratio of their curved surface

⇒
Put,

∴
 Squaring both sides, we get

5. A circus tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a conical top of the same
diameter. If their common diameter is 56 cm, the height of the cylindrical part is 6
m and the total height of the tent above the ground is 27 m, find the area of canvas
used in making the tent
Solution –
Let l be the slant height of the conical part of the tent.
Radius of the conical part (r) = 28 m

Height of conical part (h) = 21 m

Curved surface area of conical part = πrl

= π(28)35 m2 = 980π m2
Radius of cylindrical part = 28 m
Height of cylindrical part = 6 m
Curved surface area of cylindrical part = 2πrh
= 2π(28)6 = 336π m2
Total curved surface area = 980π + 336π

∴ Area of canvas used = 4136 m2

6. The dimensions of a solid iron cuboid are 4.4 m x 2.6 m x 1.0 m. It is melted and
recast into a hollow cylindrical pipe of 30 cm inner radius and thickness 5 cm. Find
the length of the pipe.
Solution –
 Let the length of cylindrical pipe = 4 marks
Its inner radius r = 30 cm = 3.0 m
Length of cuboid = 4.4 m
Breadth of cuboid = 2.6 m
and height of cuboid = 1.0 m
Inner radius ‘r’ of pipe = 30 cm = 0.3 m
Width of pipe = 5 cm = 0.05 m
∴ Outer radius ‘R’ of pipe = 0.3 m + 0.05 m = 0.35 m
Let the length of pipe formed = H metres.
A.T.Q.
Solid cuboid is melted to form a hollow cylindrical pipe with thickness.
∴ Volume of cuboid = Volume of outer cylinder - Volume of inner cylinder

H = 112 m, Hence the length of the pipe is 112 m.

7. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a hemisphere of same

radius on its circular face. The total height of the toy is 15.5 cm. Find the total
surface area of the toy.
Solution –
We have, CD = 15.5 cm and OB = OD = 3.5 cm
Let r be the radius of the base of cone and h be the height of conical part of the toy.
Then, r = OB = 3.5 cm
h = OC = CD - OD = (15.5 - 3.5) cm = 12 cm

Also, radius of the hemisphere, r = 3.5 cm

∴ Total surface area of the toy
= surface area of cone + surface area of hemisphere
8. Water is flowing at the rate of 5 km/hour through a pipe of diameter 14 cm into a
rectangular tank of dimensions 50 m X 44 m. Find the time in which the level of
water in the tank will rise by 7 cm
Solution –
Let the time taken by pipe be t hours.
∴ Speed = 5 km/h
∴ Length in t hours = 5000 t m.
According to the question,
Volume of water flown through pipe = Volume of water in tank
πr2k = l x b x h

Hence required time is 2 hours.

9. The radius and height of a solid right circular cone are in the ratio of 5: 12. If its
volume is 314 cm3, find its total surface area. [Take π = 3.14]
Solution –
Given r : h = 5 : 12
Let r = 5x and h = 12x
Volume of cone = 1/3 πr2h

⇒
⇒ x3 = 1
⇒x=1
So, the value of r = 5 cm and h = 12 cm

TSA of cone = πr(l + r) = 3.14 x 5(13 + 5)

= 3.14 x 90 = 282.6 cm2

10.A cylindrical tub, whose diameter is 12 cm and height 15 cm is full of ice cream. The
whole ice cream is to be divided into 10 children in equal ice cream cones, with a
conical base surmounted by a hemispherical top. If the height of the conical portion
is twice the diameter of the base, find the diameter of the conical part of an ice
cream cone.
Solution –
 Volume of ice-cream in the cylinder = πr2h = π(6)2 x 15 cm3

Volume of ice-cream in one ice-cream cone =

∴ Volume of ice-cream in 10 such cones = 10 x 2πr3 = 20 πr3

20πr3 = π x 36 x 15

Diameter of conical ice-cream cup = 6 cm

11.Two spheres of the same metal weigh 1 kg and 7 kg. The radius of the smaller
sphere is 3 cm. The two spheres are melted to form a single big sphere. Find the
diameter of the new sphere.
Solution –

Volume of the smaller sphere Volume of smaller

sphere x density = mass∴ 36π (density of metal) = 1
Density of metal = 1/36π
∴ Volume of bigger sphere x density = mass

Volume of new sphere = volume of

smaller sphere + volume of bigger sphere

(R')3 = [33 + 7 x 33]

(R')3 = 33(l + 7)
(R')3 = 33 x 8
(R')3 = 33 x 23
R' =3 x 2
R' = 6 cm
∴ Diameter of new sphere =12 cm.

12.A solid is in the form of a cylinder with hemispherical ends. The total height of
the solid is 20 cm and the diameter of the cylinder is 7 cm. Find the total volume
of the solid, (use π = 22/7)
Solution –
Diameter of cylinder
= diameter of the hemisphere = 7 cm
∴ Radius of cylinder = 7/2 cm
Total height of the solid = 20 cm
Height of the cylinder
 Volume of the solid= volume of the cylinder + 2 x volume of one
hemisphere

13.A cylindrical bucket, 32 cm high and with a radius of base 18 cm, is filled with
sand. This bucket is emptied on the ground and a conical heap of sand is
formed. If the height of the conical heap is 24 cm, find the radius and slant
height of the heap.
Solution –
We have,
Radius of cylindrical bucket =18 cm
Height of cylindrical bucket = 32 cm
And the height of conical heap = 24 cm
Let the radius of the conical heap be r cm
Volume of the sand = volume of the cylindrical bucket
= πr2h = π x (18)2 x 32

Now, volume of conical heap Here, volume of the conical

heap will be equal to the volume of sand∴ 8πr = π x (18)2 x 32
2

⇒ r2 = 18 x 18 x 4 = (18)2 x (2)2
⇒ r2 = (36)2 or r = 36 cm

14.The 3/4th part of a conical vessel of internal radius 5 cm and height 24 cm is full
of water. The water is emptied into a cylindrical vessel with an internal radius
of 10 cm. Find the height of water in a cylindrical vessel.
Solution –
Radius of conical vessel (r) = 5 cm
Height of conical vessel (h) = 24 cm
Radius of cylindrical vessel (R) = 10 cm

Let H be the height of water in the cylindrical

vessel Now, the total volume of the conical vessel
 According to the question,3/4 of the volume
of water from the conical vessel is emptied into the cylindrical vessel.
⇒ 3/4 x Volume of conical vessel =Volume of water in the cylindrical vessel.

⇒ 25 x 6 = 10 x 10 x H⇒ ⇒ H = 1.5 cm∴
Height of water in the cylindrical vessel = 1.5 cm

15.In a rain-water harvesting system, the rainwater from a roof of 22 m x 20 m

drains into a cylindrical tank having a diameter of base 2 m and height of 3.5
m. If the tank is full, find the rainfall in cm
Solution –
Length of roof (l) = 22 m
Breadth of roof (b) = 20 m
Let the height of water column collected on roof= hm
∴ Volume of standing water on rooftop = lbh
= (22 x 20 x h) m3
This water is taken into a cylindrical tank of diameter of base 2 m and height 3.5 m.
Tank gets completely filled with this amount of water.
⇒ Volume of water from roof-top = Volume of cylinder
Diameter of tank = 2 m
∴ Radius of tank = 2/2 = 1 m

Hence rainfall is 2.5 cm.

16.From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical
cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total
surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm 2.
Solution –
We have,

Radius of the cylinder = Height of the cylinder = 2.4 cmAlso, radius of the
cone = 0.7 cm and height of the cone = 2.4 cm
Now, slant height of the cone = ∴
Total surface area of the remaining solid= curved surface area of cylinder + curved
 surface area of the cone + area of upper circular base of the cylinder.

17.In Fig. a cone of radius 10 cm is divided into two parts by drawing a plane
through the mid-point of its axis, parallel to its base. Compare the volumes of
the two parts.
Solution –
Let.BC = r cm, DE = 10 cm
Since B is the mid-point of AD and BC is parallel to DE, therefore C is the mid-point of
AE.
∴ AC = CE
Also, ΔABC ~ ΔADE

The required ratio = 1 : 7.

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