13.

2 Surface Integrals
Let us consider a two sided surface S and let v(x, y, z) be a continuous vector
point function defined over the surface S.
Let SS be the surface element surrounding a point P(x, y, z) on the
surface S. 8S is a vector such thatòS = S and direction is along the
outward drawn normal.

We sub divide the surface Sintonelemental surfaces 8S,, 8S, ...8S,: n

such that the values of the function V on these surfaces be V,. V.Vn. We
take the summation
n

Vi8S, +V28S2 +..+V,.8s, =V S,

Now, if the limit of the summation as n ’ o and òS’ 0 exists, it is
called the normal surface integral of over the surface S and is denoted
by
[-da or fT- nds
Where d S = ñndS, ñnis a unit outward drawn normal to the surface S at P.
ecThe other possible surface integrals are
[Vxas. (jods. |joas
the first two are vector while the last one is a scalar.
 Engineering Mathematics
492
Integrals
Evaluation of Surface
13.2.1
is parallel to the coordinate planes or iis a cylindrical
surface S can be easily evaluated
When the spherical surface the surface integral
surface or a surface Sis not parallel to the coordinate ones, then it can be
but when the
expressing them as double integrals taken over the projected
casilyevaluated by of the coordinate planes.
surface S on one
area of the to
+ cos Bj + cos yk be a unit vector normal the surface
Let, ñ = cOS i direction cosines of ñ. Then dS cos o., dS
cos B, cos Y are
dS where cos ., the orthogonal projections of dS on the coordinate
planes
cos B, dS cos Yare
respectively
x=0,y= 0, z=0 ß= dr dz.
dS cos a = dy dz, dS cos
dS cos y = dx dy
a2edy d. dx dz dxdy
dS =
cos COS pcos oshu2 S
dy dz dx dz drdy
20aUnoos d 5dS =

.'.
S, lsnon iWEb b

dx dzhuzoit abvib da s

dxdy

ry planes
Where S, S,, S, are the projections of S on yz, :zr and
EXAMPLE 11 R lo lngolat
Evaluate |A-ñdS, where
+z=6
A=xy i-xj+(x+ ) k and Sis the portion of the plane2r+ 2y
S.
included in the first octant andnis a unit vector normal to the surface[IPU2006)

SOLUTION
Let us take the projection of the surface of
the plane
 Vector Functions
Integrationof
493

(0,0,6)

y
(0,3,0)
(3,0,0)
X+y=3
X

2r+ 2y +z =6 ..(1)
plane, i.e., ¿ = 0 plane
on4y
dxdy
S
the surface S is
Now ña unit normal to
2i+ 2j +k
V(2r +2y +z-6) =
2i +2j+ k 2i+2j+k
ñ =
|2i+2j +k| 3
2. 2..
3
,1)sil
Now 3 3
2xy + WOITUI02
3 3
2 1
and

dx dy
1
S 3
>0, y 20,
Where S, is the projection of S on the y-plane, given by x
I+ys3.
2y]
=JJ2xy-2r +x+6- 2x-2y) dx dy [putting z=6-2r-
S

=Jl2ry-2x-x-2y+
S
6)dxdy
494 Engineering Mathermatics
: [S,is the shaded region x20, y>0, x +ys31
33-x
|(21y -2x'-x-2y +6) dy dx
x0 y=0

3bcos CS 3
= ([x(3-x)'-2x*(3-x)-x(3-x)- (3-x' +6(3-x)] dt

3
- •3r'-12x +6x +9)ds

= 3x-4r+
4
3x' +9x
Jo
27
=

4
EXAMPLE 12

Evaluate|A-ñdS, where A= zi+xj-3y´zk and S is the surface of the

S

cylinder +y= 16 between z =0and z = 4, included in the first octant.

SOLUTION
z=0
Here the surface S is the surface of the cylinder x + y= 16 between
and z = 4 included in the first octant.

A
x? +y' =16

A vector normal to this surface is

Integration of Vector Functions 495

ñ = Ve+y'- 16)
= 2ri +
2you Ewhl
2xi+ 2y j 2.xi +2yi
V4r'+4y' V416) (:x'+y' =16) sio
xi+ yj KOITUI08
4
Let us take the projection of Son yz-plane which is arectangle0 < yS 4,
0Szs4.
(xi + yj)
and A ñ = (zi+yj-3y zk). 4
x(z+ y)
4 4

ñi =
and 40S
JJA-ids = ((Ä-0d
îi
[Where S, is 0 <ys4, 0<zs4]
S
rx(z+y) dy dz
S
45S
Ja+y) dyde
4 4

z=0 y=0

dz
2
z=0

z=0

a2+8: = 32 +32
= 64.
496
Engineering Mathematics-\
EXAMPLE13

3/2, yj+
where A ==4xzi --yj + v
yzk
-ñdS= and Sisthe
t surface
Showthat ||A
bounded by the plances
ofthe cube
r=0,x= 1, y= 0, y= 1, z= 0, z=1 [UPTU 2008,
SOLUTION
the surface of the cube
Here the surface S is
0sxsl,0Sys1,0SzS1. iss
Which consists of six faces.

G B

4212032t20 A

ENEMPL

Let S, the face OABG, i.e., x = 0 plane.

S, ’ the face EDCE ie., x = 1.
S, ’ the face OGFE, i.e., y = 0.
S, ’ the face ABCD, i.e., y = 1.
S ’ the face OEDA, i.e., z =0.
S, ’ the face GFCB, i.e., z = 1.

S S, S

S
Ss
Now on S, X=0,
0sys1,0<zsl
A·ñ = - 4xz =0 (::
and ñ =-i
x=0)
Integration Vector Functions
497

JJA7 ds =0
S

1,}ñ =i,0 ys1,0szsl.

OnS,,x=
= 4z (:: x= 1)
1
WoTUI02
00

On
S,, y =0, n =j 0Sxs1, 0szs1
Å- ñ =y = 0 (: y= 0)
JA-ids = 0
1, 0<z<1.
On S,, y= 1, n =j and 0 Sxs
A-ñ = -y=-1, (:y= 1)
11

JA-ñ ds =-JJdzdx =-l.ooinaorg oa pi

00
S4
0<y<1
On Ss, z = 0, ñ =-k and 0<x s1,
0 (: z =0)T6
A-ñ = yz =
||A-ñ ds 0
= sh
Ss
S 1.
On S, z= 1, ñ=kand 0 <x < 1, 0 <y
A-û = yz =y
11

00

|2

oclangle
498 Engineering Mathematics-|

||A-ñds = 0+2+0-1+0+=
2 2
S

EXAMPLE14
o,42204hleklr0
Evaluate ||E:nds, where F = yzi+ xzj+xyk andthe surface Sis the surface
S

of the sphere +y²+?=1lying in the first octant.

SOLUTION
The surface S is the surface of the sphere + y² +2' = 1 lying in the first
Octant.

Vr+y'+-1)

=
2xi + 2yj + 2zk
y4r'+4y'+42
=xi+ yË +k bns \(:: +y+?1)
F î = xyz + xyz + xyz
= 3xyz.
Let us take the projection of S on the xy-plane which the quadrant of the
cirlce x+y² = 1,x 0, y >0.
1b Spi+y²s1,x2 0, y>0
and ñk = z
dx dy
S ñ-k

ddy

xy dy dx
x=0 y=0

dx
0 |2
 Integration of Vector Functions 499

ja-hae

EXAMPLE 15
3
Evaluatelo nds, where =yz and Sis the surface of the cylinder r +y?
S
= 16 included in the first octant between z=0andz=5.
SOLUTION
The surface S is the surface of the cylinder + y = 16 in the first octant
between z=0 and z=5.
V+y'- 16) = 2x i+ 2yj
.. ñ=unit normal to the surface Sis

2xi+2yj
J4x'+4y
2xi+ 2yj
8

4l
Let us take the projection of Son xZ-plane which in the rectangle
0sxs4,0<zs5.
500 Engineering Mathematics
4

xi+ yi ) dxd
4
S S;
4

3
8
J'zi+ xz y) dvaz

8
[a'i+xzV16-* )dd
S

4 5

8 x=0
i+6 2
dr

16
14

75 xi 1 2 (16-x22
ins e t d 16 3L23

75(16 6AiLo-64)j
33hu
75 64i 64j
16|3 3
= 100(i +).