Factors of Migration

Factors and Effects
of Migration
By: Kyla Pendang and Neriane Villegas
Migration
Migration is the movement of people from one place
to another.
People can move long or short distances and might move
for a short period of time or might spend the rest of their
lives in a new place.
Factors of Migration
Push Factors
Pull Factors
PUSH FACTOR
is the factor that forces an individual to
leave their place of origin. They are the
disadvantages of particular places or
restrictions in the places in which
people live.
PULL FACTOR
are positive aspects that attract people to move to
a place.
Some of the examples of
push factors are as
follows:
- Lack of employment
- Lack of health, education and entertainment facilities
- Dissatisfaction with traditions, norms, and values
- Poverty and low standard of living
- Discrimination based on religion, ethnicity, politics. Etc.
- Inadequate facilities for maintaining livelihood
- War, riots violence and similar catastrophic events
Some of the examples of pull
factors are as follows:
-Better climatic condition
-Political stability
-Better social environment and cultural traditions
-Better economic possibilities
-Better employment opportunities
-Better facilities for education, health, etc.
EFFECTS OF
MIGRATION
Case Situations of OFW's
Historically and in modern times, migration has
many effects on the countries that people
emigrate from and immigrate to.
Changes in
Population
Migration is directly impacted by both extremely high and very
low population densities. The taxes imposed on citizens for
infrastructure, education, health, and social services have
increased in populous nations, particularly in developing nations.
Many people in the community decide to migrate or work abroad

as a result of this happening. However, migrants are welcomed
in wealthy nations where the population is aging or declining.
A threat may arise if there are too many immigrants, particularly if the
economy can no longer support them. In 1983, Nigeria encountered
this, forcing 2 million migrants—most of them were from Ghana—to
depart. In 2008, the United States urged more than 350,000 migrants
to leave, and South Africa told 300,000 migrants to return to where
they came from.
Population aging
It is the changes in the age composition of a population such

that there is an increase in the proportion of older persons.
" A population with a rising average age"

Population aging
- older refugees
- diasporas- population that is scattered across
regions separate from their geographic place of
origin
- retirement movers
- returnees
- migrated family members
It was during the era of the Philippine Commonwealth
(1935–1946) that Jewish refugees from Europe sought a
safe haven in Manila.
Population decline
It is a reduction in a human population size. In addition to lowering
working age population, population decline will also lower the military
age population, and therefore military power.
" Underpopulation, depopulation, or population

collapse"
Safety and
Human Rights
The International Organization for Migration estimates that every
year, millions of migrants lack proper documentation. These
migrants must endure dangerous travels, abuse by smugglers and
illegal recruiters, poor accommodation, and a lack of support once
they arrive in a new country.
An international treaty – the Domestic Workers Convention – was adopted
in June 2011, providing the first global standards to protect domestic
workers.
Family and
Community
Children of OFWs are affected by their labor in other nations. The kids are homesick and
then sent to stay with other relatives, such as their grandmother, grandfather, aunt, or
uncle.
Family and
Community
In Filipino culture, the mother is typically the one to care for the children and the
husband while the father typically looks for employment. There are changes in their jobs
as a result of the migration dilemma. There are fathers who are OFw and mothers who
were OFW, but their spouses are the ones who look after the kids.
Economic
Development
OFW have significantly aided the Philippines' economy. Businesses will use their
remittance or the money they send to their family as capital. Many OFWs have
managed to raise their families out of poverty and enable their kids to
complete their education.
Remittances
- are funds transferred from migrants to their home country. They are the private savings of
workers and families that are spent in the home country for food, clothing, and other
expenditures, and which drive the home economy.
Brain Drain
- happened where after studying in the Philippines, experts in

various fields prefer to go abroad because better
opportunities await them.
As a result, they are unable to support or assist their own

people. Experts and professionals with the necessary training
and knowledge are required in a developing nation like the
Philippines to advance the economy.
Integration and
Multiculturalism
Integration is the process by which immigrants become accepted into society, both as
individuals and as groups.
Multiculturalism is the way in which a society deals with cultural diversity, both at the
national and at the community level.
Integration and
Multiculturalism
The difficulty of multiculturalism and admission or integration (integration) is posed to the destination or
receiving country by the migration of migrants to other nations.
Some of the wealthy nations in Europe that Filipino migrants frequently travel to have a policy in this
regard. Italy, for instance, has a "security law" (legge sulla sicurezza). It was put into effect in August
2009. Additionally, it fulfills the true participation of foreigners in economic, social, and cultural activities
as stated in the Constitution of the Italian Language.
Fun Fact
December 18, Sunday
International Migrants Day 2022
Aquino signed Proclamation No. 276 declaring December
1988 and the same month of every year as the “Month of
Overseas Filipinos
Thank You
for listening!

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Factors and Effects

Many people in the community decide to migrate or work abroad

It is the changes in the age composition of a population such

" A population with a rising average age"

" Underpopulation, depopulation, or population

- happened where after studying in the Philippines, experts in

As a result, they are unable to support or assist their own

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