Right Angle Trigonometry

Trigonometry Worksheet #1

Definition (Trigonometric Ratios). For angle θ in any right triangle, we define the sine,
cosine, and tangent functions of θ as ratios of particular triangle side lengths. Specifically,
opposite adjacent opposite
sin θ = hypotenuse
cos θ = hypotenuse
tan θ = adjacent

The right triangle definitions are affectionately known by the mnemonic device “SohCahToa.”

1. Find the length of the unmarked side, and then find all six trigonometric ratios of θ.

sin θ = cos θ = tan θ =

25

θ csc θ = sec θ = cot θ =

7

√
2. Use the equilateral triangle below to show that: (a) cos 60◦ = 1
2
and (b) cos 30◦ = 2
3
.

60◦ 60◦

3. A straight playground slide 6 m long has a vertical ladder. The bottom of the slide meets
the ground at a 47◦ angle. Identify how far the slide extends from the base of the steps.

4. An airplane traveling 900 km/h at a cruising altitude of 12 km begins its descent. The
angle of descent is 2.5◦ from the horizontal. Compute the new altitude after 10 minutes.
Right Angle Trigonometry Trigonometry Worksheet #1

Theorem (Area of Sector). The area of a sector of d degrees of a circle with radius r is

d dπr2
A= · πr2 =
360 360
Multiply the area of the entire circle by the fraction represented by the given sector.

5. Find the exact area of the circle sector that is shown below, using appropriate units.

60◦ 40◦
5 cm 10 m 7 km

6. A circular pizza 36 cm in diameter has a uniform crust that is 4 cm thick. Determine

how many square centimeters of crust are contained within a 30◦ slice of pizza.

7. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to show that sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1 for any acute angle θ.

8. Label the triangle so sec θ = 8, and then find the other five trigonometric ratios of θ.

sin θ = cos θ = tan θ =

θ csc θ = sec θ = 8 cot θ =

Right Angle Trigonometry An`wer`
Trigonometry Worksheet #1

Definition (Trigonometric Ratios). For angle θ in any right triangle, we define the sine,
cosine, and tangent functions of θ as ratios of particular triangle side lengths. Specifically,
opposite adjacent opposite
sin θ = hypotenuse
cos θ = hypotenuse
tan θ = adjacent

The right triangle definitions are affectionately known by the mnemonic device “SohCahToa.”

1. Find the length of the unmarked side, and then find all six trigonometric ratios of θ.

24 7 24
sin θ = 25
cos θ = 25
tan θ = 7
25 24

25 25 7
θ csc θ = 24
sec θ = 7
cot θ = 24
7

√
2. Use the equilateral triangle below to show that: (a) cos 60◦ = 1
2
and (b) cos 30◦ = 2
3
.

√
30◦ The dashed line is a perpendicular bisector with length 3 by the
2 √ Pythagorean Theorem, so the result follows from SohCahToa.
3

60◦ 60◦
1

3. A straight playground slide 6 m long has a vertical ladder. The bottom of the slide meets
the ground at a 47◦ angle. Identify how far the slide extends from the base of the steps.

6 cos 47◦ ≈ 4.092 m

4. An airplane traveling 900 km/h at a cruising altitude of 12 km begins its descent. The
angle of descent is 2.5◦ from the horizontal. Compute the new altitude after 10 minutes.

12 − 150 sin 2.5◦ ≈ 5.457 km

Right Angle Trigonometry — Answers Trigonometry Worksheet #1

Theorem (Area of Sector). The area of a sector of d degrees of a circle with radius r is

d dπr2
A= · πr2 =
360 360
Multiply the area of the entire circle by the fraction represented by the given sector.

5. Find the exact area of the circle sector that is shown below, using appropriate units.

60◦ 40◦
5 cm 10 m 7 km

25π 50π 49π

4
≈ 19.635 cm2 3
≈ 52.360 m2 9
≈ 17.104 km2

6. A circular pizza 36 cm in diameter has a uniform crust that is 4 cm thick. Determine

how many square centimeters of crust are contained within a 30◦ slice of pizza.

32π
3
≈ 33.510 cm2

7. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to show that sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1 for any acute angle θ.

If we draw any right triangle with a hypotenuse of length 1 and we label either acute angle
θ, then the legs of the triangle necessarily have lengths of sin θ and cos θ by SohCahToa.
So invoking the Pythagorean Theorem on the constructed triangle establishes the result.

8. Label the triangle so sec θ = 8, and then find the other five trigonometric ratios of θ.

√
63 1
√
√ sin θ = 8
cos θ = 8
tan θ = 63
8 63
√ √
8 63 63
θ csc θ = 63
sec θ = 8 cot θ = 63
1

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