Hsslive Xii Zoology Lab Notes by Navas 2024

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NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
Higher Secondary Practical

Examination-2024
NAVAS CHEEMADAN
HSST(Jr)Zoology
Sullamussalam Oriental HSS Areekode
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Instructions
• All the Items are Compulsory
• The materials needed will be provided at the
Centre
• Preparation time 10 minutes
• Maximum Score=20
• Time:1.5 Hour

Qn.1)Identify the given invertebrate animal.

Write One identifying character/economic
importance / One adaptation.
[Hydra, Liver Fluke, Ascaris, Leech,

Earthworm, Prawn,
Silkworm, Honeybee, Snail, Starfish]
• Identification - ½ Score
• One Value Point- ½ Score
• Time - 4 minutes. • Score-1
1)Hydra

1)Hydra
Characters
• Tissue level of organisation
• Radially symmetrical
• Presence of gastrovascular cavity
• Digestion Both Extra cellular and intra cellular
• Presence of Tentacle
Adaptation
• Tentacle helps in food gathering and locomotion
• Cnidoblast present.It helps in Anchoring, defence,
capture of prey NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
2)Liver Fluke

2)Liver Fluke
Characters
• Dorsoventrally flattened leaf like body
• They are endoparasite of sheep
• Oral suckers present NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• Excretory organs are Flame cells
• They are Hermaphrodites
Adaptation
• Oral suckers helps in attachment of the parasite within the
host
• Body is covered by cuticle. It helps to protect the liver fluke
from the action of host’s Enzymes
• They have anaerobic respiration
Economic importance
• Liver fluke causes Fasciolasis (Liver rot)
• This disease cause NAVAS
death of sheep. It result great economic
loss to farmers CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
3)Ascaris

3)Ascaris
Characters
• Long Body NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• They are endoparasite in the small intestine of man

• Sexes are separate.
• Females are longer than male
• Body is covered by cuticle.
• It helps to protect the organism from the action of host’s
Enzymes
• Anaerobic respiration present
Adaptation
• Body is covered by cuticle. It helps to protect from the action of
host’s Enzymes
• Anaerobic respiration present
• Digestive food is sucked by Muscular pharynx
Economic importance
• This worm cause Ascariasis in man.
4)Leech

4)Leech
Characters
• It is ectoparasite
• It is Sanguivorous (Blood sucking) animal
• It is Hermaphrodite
• Saliva of leech contain anticoagulant Hirudin
• Body is formed of 33 segments
Adaptation NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• It has saw like tooth for making wound in the host

• It has suctorial pharynx for sucking blood
• Saliva of leech contain an anticoagulant hirudin
• It has large crop for storing blood
Economic importance
• It is used in the treatment of Rheumatism for sucking venous
blood
• It is used as fish bait in some countries
5)Earthworm

5)Earthworm
Characters
• Body is metamerically segmented
• Dorsal side contains dorsal blood vessel
• Locomotory organs are ‘S’ shaped Setae
• It has cutaneous respiration
• Excretory organ is Nephridia
• It is hermaphrodite NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
Adaptation
• First segment of earthworm is called Peristomium, it has
anterior extension called prostomium. It helps in cracking the
soil while crawling
• Skin is moist and helps in respiration (Cutaneous )
Economic importance
• It makes burrows in the soil, it permit aeration and easy
penetration of plant roots.
• It increases the fertility of soil by vermicomposting
• It is used as a bait in fishing
6)Prawn

6)Prawn
Characters NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• The body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen

• Cephalothorax is formed of 5 cephalic segments and 8
thoracic segments
• Abdomen is 6 segment, it has a terminal projection
called telson
• It is omnivorous
Economic importance
• It is food for man
• In factories Waste materials after peeling are used as
manure
• It has good demand in export market.
• Chitosan is a chemical extracted from prawn
7)Silk worm

7)Silk worm
Characters
• Silk worm is the caterpillar of silk moth
• The life cycle of silk moth has 4 stages-Egg, caterpillar, pupa, adult
• Silk worm has segmented body
• The body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen 
• The head bear silk gland , it produce silk
Adaptation NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• Malpighian tubules are excretory organs 

• Silk glands helps silk production
Economic importance
• Natural silk is obtained from the cocoon of silk worm
• A single caterpillar is said to produce about 300 m of silk
thread
• The rearing of silk (Silk worm production) for the production
of silk is called sericulture. It provide employment
opportunities
• Silk is used in textile industry NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
8)Honey Bee

8)Honey Bee
Characters
• It has jointed appendages
• Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen
• Honey bees have very interesting mode of communication
through sound, dance, scent, gestures
• Mouth parts are adapted for collecting honey
Adaptation
• Mouth parts are adapted for collecting honey from flowers
• Presence of hairy legs helps in pollination
• Body is covered by chitin
Economic importance NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• They provide honey and wax

• Honey has great medicinal and nutritive importance
• Bee wax is used for making candle, cosmetics etc
• Bee keeping (Apiculture) provide employment opportunities
9)Snail

9)Snail
Characters
• It is a amphibious mollusc
• Body is divided into head, visceral hump and muscular foot
• Body enclosed in calcareous shell
• Gills helps in both respiration and excretion
Adaptation
• Calcareous shell protect the body
• Radula is a rasping organ and helps in feeding
• Aestivation or summer sleep is performed by the animal to escape
from drought
• Gills helps in respiration
Economic importance
• Its flesh is used as food
• its shell is used for making decorative ornamental articles
• It is used as a fish bait
• It is used as a food for ducks
10)Star Fish

10)Star Fish
Characters
• Star shaped marine animal
• Larva is bilaterally symmetrical while adult is Radialy
symmetrical
• It has 5 arms
• Water vascular system present.
• It has greater power of regeneration
Adaptation
• Tube feet helps in locomotion and food collection
• It has spiny exoskeleton, that helps in defence
• It has high power of regeneration.
Economic importance
• It is used as food in some areas
• It is dried and powdered and used as a source of calcium to
plants in agriculture
• It act as a pest to pearl oyster
Qn.2)Identify the given vertebrate animal.

Write One identifying character/economic
importance / One adaptation.
[Shark,Rohu, Frog, Calotes, Pigeon, Rabbit]
• One Value Point- ½ Score
1)Shark

1)Shark
Characters
• It is cartilaginous fish
• Its mouth is ventral
• Body is covered by placoid scale NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• The body is spindle shaped and laterally compressed

• The bdoy is divided into head,trunk and tail
Adaptation
• It has streamlined body.
• It reduce resistance while swimming
• Fins helps in steering , balancing while swimming
• Gills are respiratory organs
Economic importance
• It is used as a food
• It is used for making fish oil
• Shark liver oil is rich in vitamin A and D
• Its skin is used in leather industry
2)Rohu

2)Rohu
Characters
• It is bony fish
• Its mouth is terminal
• Body is covered by cycloid scale
• It feeds on plants
• It is present in ponds and river
Adaptation
• It has streamlined body.
• It reduce resistance while swimming
• Fins helps in steering ,balancing while swimming
• Gills are respiratory organs
Economic importance NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• It is used as a food
• It cultured in ponds, it give great economic profit
3)Frog

3)Frog
Characters
• Body is divided into head and trunk.Neck and tail are absent.
• The skin is moist and smooth
• Respiration takes place through skin, lungs and buccal cavity
• The larvae is aquatic and called it as tadpole
• Frog is Ureotelic while tadpole is ammonotelic
• It Exhibit sexual dimorphism,The males possess vocal sac and have copulatory pad
on the first digit of the fore limb which are absent in female frog
• It shows hibernation (Winter sleep) and aestivation (summer sleep)
Adaptation
• Body is well adapted for both aquatic as well as terrestrial mode of life
• The intestine is short because they are carnivores
• Skin is moist and smooth and it helps in cutaneous respiration
• It shows hibernation (Winter sleep) and aestivation (summer sleep)
Economic importance
• Its flesh is used as food
• It plays an important role in the biological control of pest in agriculture 3
4)Calotes

4)Calotes
Characters
• he body is divided into head, neck, trunk and tail
• Body is coved by epidermal scale
• It is capable of changing colour according to surrounding (Camouflage)
• Male lizards ad larger than female
• Neck of male lizard become crimson red during breeding season to attract
female
Adaptation
• Body is coved by epidermal scale
• It is capable of changing colour according to surrounding (Camouflage) to
protect from predators
• Neck of male lizard become crimson red during breeding season to attract
female
• It excrete uric acid to prevent water loss
• It has sticky tongue for capturing prey
Economic importance
• It is an important member of food web and maintain balance of nature
• It eat insect and protect the crop

5)Pigeon

5)Pigeon
Characters
• Body is covered by feathers
• The body is divided into head, neck, trunk and tail
• Forelimbs are modified as wings
• Hind limbs are clawed
• It make nest. Both male and female incubate the eggs
Adaptation
• Fore limbs are modified as wings
• Tail feathers for steering the body
• Bones are pneumatic
• Boat shaped body reduce friction while flying
• It has keen power of vision
• Beaks are adapted for feeding seeds and grains
• Presence of additional air sacs helps in respiration and buoyancy
Economic importance
• Both flesh and eggs are used as food by man
• Their excreta form a good manure
• Feathers are used for decoration
• Badminton shuttlecocks are manufactured from its feather
• Pigeons are used as messengers in war and love affairs
6)Rabbit

6)Rabbit
Characters
• Body is covered by fine hairs
• It has large movable pinna
• It has sensory hairs called Vibrissae
• It has muscular hind limb for leaping NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• It has short bushy upwardly curved tail
Adaptation
• Fore limbs are adapted for digging the burrows where as hind limbs are
adapted for leaping
• Mammary glands helps in nourishing the babies
• Tail used as a warning signal to other rabbits when danger approaches
• Hairy skin help to keep body temperature
Economic importance
• Its flesh is edible
• Skin is used in leather industry
• It is used as an experimental animal in medical and genetic research
• Rearing of rabbit for food and skin offer employment opportunities

Qn.3)Identify the slide of given tissue.

Sketch and label two parts.
[Striated/Non striated/Cardiac muscle]
• Sketch and labelling-½+½ Score
• Time - 7 minutes.
• Score-2
1)Skeletal muscle/Striated muscle

2)Smooth Muscle/Non striated

Muscle

3)Cardiac Muscle

Qn.4) Identify the given model or Name

the marked part, write one physiological
function
[Heart, Lung, Kidney, Brain,

Eye, Ear, Urinary system]
• Function-½ Score
• Score-1
1)Heart

1)Heart

2)Lung

2)Lung
Specific Part Function

Trachea It carry air in and out of our lungs. The trachea serves
as passage for air, moistens and warms it while it
passes into the lungs, and protects the respiratory
surface from an accumulation of foreign particles.
Lungs The lungs helps in gas exchange, which is also known
as breathing or respiration
Alveolus Tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.

3)Kidney

3)Kidney
Specific Part Function
Renal Cortex Glomerular filtration in nephrons take place here

resulting in the formation of glomerular filtrate
Renal Medulla Tubular reabsorption in nephrons take place
here,it result in urine formation .Renal medulla
also helps to regulate concentration of the urine
Medullary pyramid The pyramids transport urine from the cortical
part of the kidney, where urine is produced, to the
calyces in which urine collects before it passes
through the ureter to the bladder.
Renal pelvis It collect urine from renal pyramid and pass into
the ureter

4)Brain

4)Brain

5)Eye

6)Eye

6)Ear

6)Ear

7)Urinary System

7)Urinary System

Qn.5)Identify the type of joint and

write its on peculiarity.
[Ball & Socket Joint, Hinge Joint,

Pivot joint, Gliding Joint]
• One Value Point-½ Score
• Score-1
1)Ball and Socket Joint

1)Ball and Socket Joint

Identification
• The Given joint is Ball and Socket joint
Functional Peculiarity
• It is a freely movable joint NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
• It allow free rotator movement in all direction

2)Hinge Joint

2)Hinge Joint
Identification
• The Given joint is Hinge Joint
• It allows to and fro movements

3)Pivot Joint

3)Pivot Joint
Identification
• The Given joint is Pivot Joint
• It allows free rotatory movement around a

single axis

4)Gliding Joint

4) Gliding Joint
Identification
• The Given joint is gliding joint
• It is a freely movable joint
• It allows free gliding rotatory movements.
Qn.6)Draw the digestive system of Cockroach.

Label four parts
or
Draw the Viscera of frog. Label four parts
or
Identify one analogous and one homologous
organ from the given chart and write one
peculiarity. (Identification - 2 score Peculiarity -
1 score )
(Vertebrate heart and vertebrate brain/fore limbs
of whale and fore limbs of cheetah and wings of
butter fly and wings of birds)
NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE • Diagram - 1 Score
• Labelling-½×4=2 Score
1)Digestive system of Cockroach

2)Viscera of Frog

Homologus organs

Homologus/Analogus organs
• Identification - 2 Score
• Evolutionary importance-1 Score

3)Homologus/Analogus organs

Qn.7) Two sample solutions A and B are given. Identify

the sample with glucose/ protein /starch.
Or
Two urine samples A and B are given. Identify the
presence of Albumin in the sample using reagent
provided.
Or
Two urine samples A and B are given. Identify the urine
of diabetic patient
• Experiment - 1 Score Procedure-½ Score

• Result-½ Score Time - 15 minutes. • Score-2
7)Two sample solutions A and B are given. Identify the

sample with glucose/ protein /starch. Write procedure
and result


Test for Glucose
NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE Write any One Test for Exam

Test For Protein

Test for Starch

7)Two urine samples A and B are given. Identify

the presence of Albumin in the sample using
reagent provided. Write procedure and result


Test for Albumin in the given urine

sample
Result: The Urine sample A contains Albumin

7)Two urine samples A and B are given. Identify

the urine of diabetic patient Write procedure
and result


Identification of the Urine of Diabetic

patient
Result: The urine sample A belongs diabetic patient

Qn.8) Prepare a stained slide of your cheek

epithelium. Draw and label One part of a
single cell.
Or NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE
Prepare a stained thin smear of your blood

smear. Identify one cell Draw and label
•Slide preparation- 1 Score
• Diagram(RBC and One WBC)-1 Score
Qn.8) Prepare a stained slide of your

cheek epithelium. Draw and label One
part of a single cell.

Human Cheek cell

Qn.8) Prepare a stained thin smear of your

blood smear. Identify one cell Draw and label

Steps in making blood smear

Blood cells NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Qn.9) Identify the pathogen, name the

disease caused by it and write one
symptom
[Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium &

Ringworm.]
• Disease-½ Score
• Symptom -1 Score
1)Ascaris

1)Ascaris

2)Entamoeba

2)Entamoeba

3)Plasmodium

3)Plasmodium

4)Ring worm

4)Ring worm
• Disease:Ring worm
• Pathogen : Microsporum, Trichophyton and
Epidermophyton
• Symptoms : Appearance of dry, scaly lesions
on various parts of the body such as skin, nails
and scalp These lesions are accompanied by
intense itching.

Qn.10) Identify the given embryology

slide. Sketch and label one part.
(T.s of Testis/Ovary/Blastula of human)

• Sketch-1 Score
• Labeling- ½ Score
1)TS of Testis

2) TS of Ovary

3) TS of Blastula

Qn.11.Viva Voce (1 Score)

Qn.12.Practical Log (Score 2)

Thank You….
Navas Cheemadan
HSST(Jr) Zoology
Sullamussalam Oriental HSS AREEKODE

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NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Higher Secondary Practical

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Qn.1)Identify the given invertebrate animal.

[Hydra, Liver Fluke, Ascaris, Leech,

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• They are endoparasite in the small intestine of man

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• It has saw like tooth for making wound in the host

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• The body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• Malpighian tubules are excretory organs 

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• They provide honey and wax

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Qn.2)Identify the given vertebrate animal.

[Shark,Rohu, Frog, Calotes, Pigeon, Rabbit]

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

• The body is spindle shaped and laterally compressed

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Qn.3)Identify the slide of given tissue.

[Striated/Non striated/Cardiac muscle]

1)Skeletal muscle/Striated muscle

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

2)Smooth Muscle/Non striated

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Qn.4) Identify the given model or Name

[Heart, Lung, Kidney, Brain,

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Specific Part Function

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

Renal Cortex Glomerular filtration in nephrons take place here

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE

NAVAS CHEEMADAN@SOHSS AREEKODE