Chapter 1

How does the Euclid's division algorithm work and what is its significance
in number theory?
Can you explain the proof by contradiction used to show that the square root
of 2 is irrational?
What is the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic and why is it important in
understanding the factorization of composite numbers?
1. Prove that 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 is a composite number. [1]

2. Prove that 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 5 is a composite number. [1]

3. Find the LCM and HCF of 6 and 20 using the prime factorisation method. [7]

4. Prove that 2 is irrational. [9]

5. Prove that 3 is irrational. [6]

6. Prove that 5 is irrational. [5]

7. Prove that 3^(2/5) is irrational. [5]

8. Find the prime factorisation of 32760. [3]

9. Find the prime factorisation of 123456789. [3]

10. Determine the unique factorisation of 32760 as a product of powers of primes. [4]

11. Determine the unique factorisation of 123456789 as a product of powers of primes. [4]

12. Explain the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic. [3]

13. Explain the Euclid's division algorithm. [2]

14. Determine the number of minutes it takes for Sonia and Ravi to meet again at the starting point
on a circular path. [1]

15. Discuss the properties and existence of irrational numbers. [1]

Chapter 2

Sure! Here are some important questions related to polynomials:

1. What is the degree of the polynomial 4x^3 - 2x^2 + 5x - 1? [1]

2. State the formula for finding the sum of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial. [3]

3. Find a quadratic polynomial with the sum of its zeroes as 5 and the product of its zeroes as 6. [5]

4. Explain the geometrical meaning of the zeroes of a polynomial. [8]

5. Determine the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x^2 - 4x + 3. [4]

6. What is the maximum number of zeroes a cubic polynomial can have? [2]

7. Find the zeroes of the cubic polynomial x^3 - 8x^2 + 17x - 10. [7]

8. Explain the relationship between the zeroes and coefficients of a linear polynomial. [8]

9. Plot the graph of the quadratic polynomial y = x^2 - 3x - 4 using the given values in Table 2.1. [6]

10. Determine the nature of the graph of the quadratic polynomial y = 2x^2 + 3x + 1. [10]

These questions cover various concepts related to polynomials, including degrees, zeroes,
coefficients, and graphical representations.

Chapter 3

1. **Ex. 3.1, Question 2:** Formulate a pair of linear equations in two variables for each of the
following statements:

a) The sum of two numbers is 35, and the difference is 15.

b) The sum of two consecutive odd integers is 56

2. **Ex. 3.2, Question 1:** Solve the following pair of linear equations by the method of cross-
multiplication:

2x - 3y = 2,

4x + 7y = 1.

3. **Ex. 3.3, Question 1:** Check whether the following pair of linear equations has a unique
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions:

2x + 3y = 5,

4x + 6y = 10.

4. **Ex. 3.4, Question 3:** Aftab tells his daughter, "Seven years ago, I was seven times as old as you
were then. Also, three years from now, I will be three times as old as you will be." Can you represent
this situation algebraically and solve it?

5. **Ex. 3.5, Question 2:** Find the values of p and q for which the following system of equations has
infinitely many solutions:

px + 2y = 3,

3x + qy = 2.

6. **Ex. 3.6, Question 1:** Solve the pair of equations graphically:

x + y = 4,

2x - y = 2.
7. **Ex. 3.7, Question 2:** The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 9. If the digit at the unit's
place is x and the digit at the ten's place is y, write a pair of linear equations to represent this
situation.

8. **Ex. 3.8, Question 1:** Solve the following pair of equations using the elimination method:

3x + 4y = 10,

2x - 3y = 2.

9. **Ex. 3.9, Question 2:** The ages of two friends A and B satisfy the equation:

A - 2B = 5,

B - 2A = -7.

Find their ages.

10. **Ex. 3.10, Question 1:** Solve the following pair of equations:

5x + 4y = 2,

3x - 2y = 8.

11. **Ex. 3.11, Question 1:** The sum of two numbers is 20. If one number is four times the other,
find the numbers.

12. **Ex. 3.12, Question 2:** Solve the following pair of equations using the substitution method:

2x + y = 7,

5x - 2y = 4.

13. **Ex. 3.13, Question 1:** The sum of two consecutive odd numbers is 56. Find the numbers.

14. **Ex. 3.14, Question 1:** A father's age is three times his son's age. Five years ago, the father
was seven times as old as his son. Find their present ages.

15. **Ex. 3.15, Question 1:** A train travels from City A to City B at a speed of 60 km/h and returns
at a speed of 80 km/h. Find the distance between the two cities if the total travel time is 5 hours.

Chapter 5

1. Solve the quadratic equation: x^2 - 5x + 6 = 0.

2. Find two consecutive positive integers whose product is 42.
3. Determine the nature of the roots of the quadratic equation: 4x^2 -
12x + 9 = 0.
4. If one root of the quadratic equation x^2 - 4x + k = 0 is 3, find the
value of k.
5. Factorize the quadratic expression: 6x^2 - 7x - 3.
6. Solve the quadratic equation: 2x^2 - 7x + 3 = 0.
7. Calculate the discriminant of the quadratic equation 3x^2 - 5x + 2 =
0 and state the nature of its roots.
 8. Find the value of 'a' for which the quadratic equation (a + 1)x^2 + (2a
- 3)x + 1 = 0 has equal roots.
9. Express the quadratic equation 2x^2 - 5x - 3 in the form (x - p)(x - q),
where p and q are constants.
10.Solve the quadratic equation (x - 1)(x + 3) = 0.
11.Determine the values of k for which the quadratic equation (k - 1)x^2
+ (k + 1)x - 6 = 0 has real and distinct roots.
12.If the roots of a quadratic equation are -2 and 3, write the equation in
the form ax^2 + bx + c = 0.
13.Find the value of p for which the quadratic equation x^2 - px + 4 = 0
has one root twice the other.
14.Solve the quadratic equation x^2 - 6x + 9 = 0.
15.Factorize the expression 9x^2 - 25.
Chapter 6

Arithmetic Progressions**

1. Find the 20th term of an arithmetic progression (AP) if the first term (a) is 5 and the common
difference (d) is 3.

2. If the 12th term of an AP is 48 and the common difference is -3, find the first term.

3. Determine the sum of the first 15 terms of an AP where the first term is 2 and the common
difference is 4.

4. In an AP, if the 7th term is 24 and the 12th term is 39, find the 17th term.

5. Given an AP with a first term of 8 and a common difference of 6, find the 10th term.

6. If the 4th term of an AP is -3 and the 9th term is 12, find the first term and the common difference.

7. The 3rd term of an AP is 7, and the 7th term is 23. Find the common difference.

8. If the 6th term of an AP is 16 and the 9th term is 25, find the first term and the common
difference.

9. The sum of the first n terms of an AP is given by Sn = 3n^2 + 2n. Find the 10th term of this AP.

10. If the sum of the first 12 terms of an AP is 360, find the 20th term.

11. In an AP, the sum of the first n terms is 3n^2 + 2n. Find the common difference and the first term
of this AP.

12. If the 5th term of an AP is 18 and the 9th term is 30, find the sum of the first 20 terms.

13. If the sum of the first n terms of an AP is 4n^2 - 3n, find the 15th term.

14. In an AP, the first term is 2, and the sum of the first 10 terms is 85. Find the common difference.
15. If the sum of the first 16 terms of an AP is 592 and the 8th term is 42, find the common
difference and the first term.

Chapter 7

"Coordinate Geometry."

1. Find the coordinates of the points that divide the line segment joining (-1, 3) and (2, -4) in the ratio
2:3.

2. Determine the coordinates of the midpoint of the line segment joining the points (3, -2) and (-1,
4).

3. If the points A(4, 3), B(6, 5), and C(8, 7) are collinear, find the value of k in A(k, 2k).

4. Find the distance between the points (2, 3) and (-4, 7).

5. Determine the coordinates of the points of trisection of the line segment joining (1, 2) and (5, 7).

6. Find the coordinates of the point where the line 2x - 3y = 7 intersects the x-axis.

7. Show that the points (3, 2), (6, 5), and (-1, -2) are collinear.

8. Find the point on the y-axis that is equidistant from the points (5, -2) and (-3, 4).

9. Find the area of the triangle formed by the points (1, 2), (3, 4), and (5, 6).

10. If the points A(3, -4), B(5, -3), and C(7, -2) are collinear, find the value of p in A(p, 5).

11. Determine the value of k for which the points (k, 3), (2, k), and (4, 5) form an isosceles triangle.

12. Find the distance between the origin and the point of intersection of the line 3x + 4y = 12 and the
line 2x - 5y = 10.

13. If the points A(2, -1), B(5, 4), and C(7, 6) are the vertices of a triangle, find the length of its sides
and classify it as scalene, isosceles, or equilateral.

14. Determine the point where the line 4x + 3y = 10 intersects the y-axis.

15. Find the coordinates of the point on the x-axis that is equidistant from the points (3, -1) and (5,
2).

Chapter 8

1. In a right triangle, if the length of one leg is 5 cm and the length of the hypotenuse is 13 cm, find
the length of the other leg [1].

2. Given that sin A = 0.6 and cos B = 0.8, find the value of sin(A + B) [2].

3. Find the value of tan 45° + cot 45° [3].

4. In a triangle ABC, if angle A = 30° and angle B = 60°, find the value of sin C [4].

5. Given that cos x = -0.4 and sin y = 0.7, find the value of cos(x + y) [5].
6. Find the value of tan 60° + cot 30° [6].

7. In a right triangle, if the length of one leg is 3 cm and the length of the hypotenuse is 5 cm, find
the value of sin A [7].

8. Given that sin A = 0.8 and cos B = 0.6, find the value of cos(A - B) [8].

9. Find the value of tan 30° + cot 60° [9].

10. In a triangle ABC, if angle A = 45° and angle B = 45°, find the value of cos C [10].

11. Given that cos x = 0.5 and sin y = -0.3, find the value of sin(x - y) [11].

12. Find the value of tan 45° + cot 45° [12].

13. In a right triangle, if the length of one leg is 4 cm and the length of the hypotenuse is 10 cm, find
the value of cos A [13].

14. Given that sin A = 0.6 and cos B = 0.8, find the value of sin(A - B) [14].

15. Find the value of tan 60° + cot 30° [15].

[1] Example 1: Introduction to Trigonometry, Fig. 8.2

[2] Example 2: Introduction to Trigonometry, Fig. 8.1

[3] Example 3: Introduction to Trigonometry, Section 8.

Chapter 9

"Some Applications of Trigonometry."

1. Find the height of a tower if the length of its shadow and the angle of elevation of the sun are
given.

2. Determine the distance between two objects using the concept of trigonometry and angles of
elevation and depression.

3. Calculate the length of a ladder required to reach a certain height on a wall when the angle of
elevation is given.

4. Solve problems involving angles of elevation and depression when objects are at different heights.

5. Determine the angle of elevation or depression when the heights and distances are known.

6. Find the height of a building or a flagpole given the length of a shadow and the angle of elevation.

7. Calculate the distance between two ships or objects at sea using the concept of trigonometry.

8. Solve problems involving the heights of buildings or mountains when angles of elevation are given
from different viewpoints.

9. Determine the angle of elevation or depression when the lengths of two sides of a right triangle
are known.

10. Calculate the distance between two points on the ground when angles of elevation are known.
11. Solve problems involving a ladder leaning against a wall or a tree.

12. Find the height of a mountain or a cliff using the concept of trigonometry.

13. Determine the angle of depression when looking at an object from a certain height.

14. Calculate the distance between two objects using the concept of horizontal and vertical
distances.

15. Solve word problems related to real-life situations that require the application of trigonometric
principles.

Chapter 10

Certainly, here are 15 important problems related to circles from the CBSE Class 10 Mathematics
NCERT book:

**Chapter: Circles**

1. **Question 1:** In two concentric circles, prove that all chords of the larger circle which touch the
smaller circle are equal.

2. **Question 2:** If the sum of the areas of a circular base and a curved surface of a cylinder is
given, how would you find its volume?

3. **Question 3:** Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a diameter of a circle are parallel.

4. **Question 4:** If two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at a point E inside the circle, prove
that AE * EB = CE * ED.

5. **Question 5:** If a line intersects two concentric circles (circles with the same center) with
center O at A, B, C, and D, prove that AB = CD.

6. **Question 6:** Find the number of revolutions made by a circular wheel of radius 21 cm in
covering a distance of 66 m.

7. **Question 7:** Prove that the lengths of two parallel tangents to a circle are equal.

8. **Question 8:** A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends an angle of 60 degrees at the center.
Find the length of the chord.

9. **Question 9:** If a quadrilateral is circumscribed about a circle, prove that the opposite angles
are supplementary.

10. **Question 10:** Find the area of the sector of a circle with radius 7 cm and central angle 120
degrees.

11. **Question 11:** If a chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle, what is the angle
subtended by the chord at the center?

12. **Question 12:** A circular park of radius 35 m is situated in a colony. Find the length of the
outer boundary of the park.
13. **Question 13:** A bicycle wheel makes 5000 revolutions in moving a certain distance. Find the
distance moved by the bicycle.

14. **Question 14:** The lengths of two parallel chords of a circle are 6 cm and 8 cm. If the smaller
chord is at a distance of 4 cm from the center, find the radius of the circle.

15. **Question 15:** Find the area of the largest circle that can be drawn inside a square with a side
length of 14 cm.