Project Stage-1 Report

On

“Emergency Alert and Tracking Device for Women Safety”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the

award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Engineering
in
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering

by
Priyanka Thorat
Ashwini Gulbhile

Under the guidance of

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Dhole

Patil College of Engineering

Savitribai Phule Pune University

A.Y. 2023-2024
 Certificate

This is to certify that the project entitled “Emergency alert and tracking device for women

safety” submitted by Priyanka Thorat (PRN: 72205414K), Ashwini Gulbhile

(PRN: 72205389E) is a record of bonafide work carried out by them under the guidance of

Dr.Prof. Omprakash Rajankar in the fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Degree

of Bachelor of Engineering, in Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering course of

Savitribai Phule Pune University in the academic year 2023-24.

Certified by

Dr.B.E.Shinde

Project Guide Project Coordinator

Dr.O.S.Rajankar Dr.B.M.Shinde
Head of Department Principal

Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering DHOLE PATIL

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Wagholi, Pune- 412207

November 2023
 Project Stage-1 Approval Certificate

This is to certify that the project entitled “Emergency alert and tracking device for women safety”
by Priyanka Thorat (PRN: 72205414K), Ashwini Gulbhile (PRN: 72205389E) is approved for
the Project stage-1.

External Examiner Internal Examiner

(signature) (signature)

Name: Name:

Date: Date:

(Acknowledgement Stamp)
 Statement by the Candidates

We wish to state that the work embodied in this project titled “Emergency alert and tracking device
for women safety” forms our own contribution to the work carried out under the guidance of Prof.
Omprakash Rajankar, at the Dhole Patil College of Engineering. We declare that this written
submission represents our ideas in our own words and where others ideas or words have been
included, We have adequately cited and referenced the original sources. We also declare that we
have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity and have not misrepresented or
fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in our submission.

(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

Priyanka Thorat Ashwini Gulbhile
(PRN: 72205414K) (PRN: 72205389E)
 Acknowledgment

We express my gratitude to my guide & HOD Prof. Omprakash Rajankar. He has been much
focused and has aided for all the essential material needed for completing this project successfully. He
has helped me to explore this topic in organized manner.
We are also thankful to Dr. Bhausaheb E. Shinde, project coordinator for extending necessary help and
time to time valuable guidance.
No words could be enough to express our deep gratitude to respected Principal,
Dr. B. M. Shinde for his kind blessings, inspiration and the necessary support whenever needed.
We would also like to express our sincere thanks to all the staff members of
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering department who were always there in the need of the
hour and provide all the help and facilities, which we required to complete the task. Also all those
including our classmates who directly or indirectly encouraged us, helped us, in accomplishment of the
present work.

(Candidate Signature) (Candidate Signature)

Priyanka Thorat Ashwini Gulbhile
(PRN: 72205414K) (PRN: 72205389E)
 Abstract

Due to increase in crime rate, women are feeling insecure to step out of the house. With the help of
technology devices can be built to enhance the safety of the women. This device will generate an emergency
alarm and will also send the message to concerned person. Women carrying this device can send the
information to the police by pressing SOS button. In this project Arduino Nano is interfaced with GPS
module and IFTTT (If This Than That) for getting location co-ordinates and sending alert SMS. When the
SOS button is pressed whole system gets active and send the message which is attached with latitude and
longitude co-ordinates of the place which is calculated by the GPS, controller reads the value and sends the
data to the predefined number via SMS using IFTTT applets like android SMS.GPS will get data from the
satellites and obtains the geographical position of the device. Arduino Nano decodes the NMEA format data
to GPS coordinates using libraries, Operating voltage of the project is 5v, This project can be powered using
power bank or batteries.

Keywords: internet of things (IoT), GPS, IFTTT

 Abbreviations

GPS Global Positioning System

GSM Global System For Mobile Communication

IoT Internet Of Things

Led Light Emitting Diode

UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter

 List of Figures

1. Fig 4.1: Circuit diagram..............................................................................................................6

2. Fig 5.1: Arduino Nano................................................................................................................9
3. Fig 5.2: NEO-6M GPS module.................................................................................................11
4. Fig 5.3: Pinout of NEO-6M GPS module..................................................................................11
5. Fig 5.4: SIM900 GSM Module..................................................................................................13
6. Fig 5.5: 16*2 LCD....................................................................................................................15
Contents
Abstract

Abbreviations

1 Introduction and Background 1

1.1 A few remarks before you start………………………………………………2

1.2 Motivation…………………………………………………………………….2
1.2 Objectives…………………………………………………………………......3

2 Literature Review 4

3 Problem Statement 6

4 System Description 7

5 System Implementation 7
5.1 List Of Components……………………………………………………………7
5.2 Ardiuno Nano.....................................................................................................8
5.3 GPS Neo 6m Module...................................................................................….10
5.4 GSM 800I Module........................................................................................…12
5.5 16*2LCD Display……………………………………………………………..14

6 Working Principle 17
6.1 Working Of System..........................................................................................18
6.2 Data Storage and Analysis on the Cloud Platform...........................................19

7 Conclusion 20
7.1 Future work......................................................................................................21

References 22
 Chapter 1

1. Introduction and Background

Though we are living in 21st century, people are facing lots of problems such as poverty, pollution, corruption,
illiteracy and women safety. Due to increase in crime rate, women are feeling insecure to step out of the house.
In many sectors working hours are till the late evening and there are night shifts too. Women working at this
hour have to travel at late night, which bring an insecure feeling. With the help of technology devices can be
built to enhance the safety of the women. This device will generate an emergency alarm and will also send the
message to concerned person. Women carrying this device can send the information to the police by pressing
SOS button which will send SMS with current location, using this information police will save the victim. In
this project Arduino Nano is interfaced with GPS module and IFTTT for getting location co-ordinates and
sending alert SMS. When the SOS button is pressed whole system gets active and send the message which is
attached with latitude and longitude co-ordinates of the place which is calculated by the GPS, Arduino Nano
reads the value and sends the data to the predefined number

1.1. A few remarks before you start

Please read the short pointers below and on the subsequent pages; this will help you avoid frustrations
when submitting the final dissertation.

 Use of Thingspeak is mandatory for project report/ dissertation/thesis writing.

 One of the way to proceed is: First install Thingspeak and then API keys which is compatible
with Windows OS.

 Must have a sufficient knowledge about Nominal, Maximum & Cut-off voltage .
Here after you concentrate on the contents of different chapters of your report.

1
 1.2. Motivation

The Emergency Alert and Tracking Device for Women Safety project represents a collective
commitment to harnessing technology for a noble cause. In a world where personal safety remains a
paramount concern, our project serves as a beacon of empowerment and security for women. Motivated
by the understanding that swift response can be a lifeline in emergencies, we aimed to bridge the
response gap through an innovative device.
The core motivation behind this project is the desire to empower women with a tool that enhances their
autonomy. We envision a society where women can move confidently, free from the shackles of fear.
By creating a connected community through advanced tracking features, Project Guardian fosters a
sense of shared responsibility for safety.
Our technological innovation is not just about providing a solution; it is an advocacy for women's rights.
Beyond the intricate design and functionality, Project Guardian symbolizes our dedication to amplifying
the voices of those who deserve to live without the constant fear of compromise.
In unveiling this project, we offer more than a device; we offer hope. Hope for a safer world, where
women can navigate public spaces without hesitation. Project Guardian is our contribution to making a
tangible difference, one that resonates with the broader movement for gender equality and safety. As we
present this project report, let it stand as a testament to our collective commitment to creating solutions
that matter.
As we invest our time, energy, and expertise in Empower Her, we are contributing to building a safer
tomorrow. Our project lays the foundation for a future where women can pursue their aspirations
without the shadows of fear holding them back.

2
 1.3. Objectives

This project aims to develop an advanced Emergency alert and tracking device for women
safety focusing on real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and remote accessibility.
The system's objectives include enhancing GPS performance, extending lifespan, and
providing users with actionable insights for efficient management.

1. Real-Time Tracking: Implement cutting-edge GPS technology to enable real-time tracking,

allowing authorized individuals, such as friends, family, or law enforcement, to locate the
user accurately in emergency situations.

2. Enhance Personal Safety: Develop a device that significantly enhances the personal safety
of women by providing a quick and efficient means of alerting authorities and trusted
contacts in case of emergencies..

3. Scalability: Design the project with scalability in mind, allowing for future updates and
adaptations to emerging technologies, ensuring that the Emergency Alert and Tracking
Device remains at the forefront of women's safety solutions.

4. Advocacy and Education: Raise awareness about the importance of women's safety and
educate users on the functionalities of the device, empowering them to make the most of its
features in different scenarios.

5. User-Friendly Design: Create an intuitive and user-friendly device accessible to women of

all ages and backgrounds, ensuring ease of use during high-stress situations and
emergencies.

3
 Chapter 2
Literature Review

Author & Year

Title of the paper Outcome Limitation
of
Publication
Describes how to build a
smart device, which is having
Akash Wadhawane , combination of multiple
components, basically a Does not describe the
Amir Attar, Priyanka
IoT based Smart working part and circuit
Ghodke, Prasad Petkar, wearable Smart device which
System for Human details.
2017 continuously
Safety
communicates through the
internet with a Smart phone.

Provides details on how to use

Google
Manish Prakash Gupta, NodeMCU and connect to Creation of IFTTT
Assistant
2018 IFTTT servers for doing applets is not described
controlled
certain tasks. in detail.
Home
Automation

C. Priya, Ramya C,
Provides details about using
Befy D,Harini
One touch alarm for GSM and GPS with Arduino Touch senser may
G,Shilpa S,Sivani
Women’s safety uno along with touch sensor, do false detection
KIruthiga B,
using Arduino tear gas mechanism and sometimes
2019
buzzer

4
 Chapter 3
Problem Statement

In contemporary society, women often face persistent threats to their personal safety, necessitating the urgent
development of an innovative solution. The problem at hand is the pervasive vulnerability that women
experience in various environments due to the lack of a reliable and efficient emergency alert and tracking
system. Instances of harassment, assault, and abduction underscore the critical need for a comprehensive safety
apparatus tailored specifically for women.

Current emergency response systems often suffer from significant delays and limitations, hindering their
effectiveness in addressing women's safety concerns. Traditional communication methods may fail to provide
swift assistance, especially in isolated or unfamiliar settings. Furthermore, the emotional and psychological toll
on women who fear for their safety is a deeply concerning aspect that remains largely unaddressed.

The absence of a dedicated and user-friendly emergency alert and tracking device exacerbates these issues.
Women lack a seamless means of alerting authorities and trusted contacts in real-time, leaving them vulnerable
to harm. This problem statement highlights the imperative to develop a solution that not only expedites
emergency response but also empowers women by providing them with a tangible tool to reclaim their sense of
security and autonomy. The Emergency Alert and Tracking Device for Women Safety project aims to bridge
these gaps, offering a comprehensive solution to an increasingly urgent societal problem.

5
 Chapter 4
System Description

The discussed circuit comes equipped with an automatic programmer, eliminating the need for manual
programming or the operation of Load. All it requires is an Module to program the raw ESP chip. The
programming process is managed by two switches (FLS and RST), two BC547 transistors (Q1 and Q2),
among other components.

The device will get activated as soon as SOS button is pressed and hold, the device will send her exact
location co-ordinates, with an alert message to the concerned person for getting help as soon as possible.

Fig4.1 .Circuit Diagram

The steps followed in the project are as follows:

 Check the status of SOS button.

 Collect the location details of the device from GPS module.
 Connect to given WIFI and establish a connection with IFTTT server.
 Send the GPS details with alert message to the concerned person.

6
 Chapter 5
System Implementation

Women security using GSM and GPS: In the project arduino nano(ATMEGA 328P) is
interfaced with a GSM modem, GPS module, a LCD display and a push button, If the switch is
pressed, the controller take the current location information from the GPS module and send
those data to the predefined contact number using a GSM modem
There are some projects which use FM transmitter and receiver with a SOS button to provide
wireless transmission of location to arduino for processing which is again interfaced with GSM
and GPS modules
The next layer involves microcontrollers or processors that serve as the processing units within
the system. These components collect the data from the sensors, perform necessary calculations,
and prepare the information for transmission. The efficiency of these microcontrollers
contributes to the system's overall responsiveness and real-time data processing capabilities.
Once the data is processed, an IoT gateway comes into play. This gateway acts as a bridge
between the battery monitoring system and the cloud-based IoT platform. It facilitates secure
and efficient communication, ensuring that the processed battery data is transmitted to the cloud
for further analysis and storage.

5.1. List Of Components

1) Arduino Nano
2) GPS Neo-6m Module
3) GSM Sim800l Module
4) 16x2 LCD Display
5) I2C Module
6) 10k Pot
7) Push Button
8) 12V DC Supply

7
5.2. Arduino Nano

The Arduino Nano stands as a compact marvel in the realm of microcontroller boards, offering a potent
blend of versatility and diminutive form factor. Powered by the Atmel ATmega328P microcontroller,
the Nano encapsulates the essence of Arduino's renowned functionality in a small, cost-effective
package. With 32KB of flash memory for program storage and 2KB of RAM, it mirrors the capabilities
of the Arduino Uno, ensuring compatibility with a vast array of existing Arduino projects.
What sets the Nano apart is its size. Its diminutive dimensions make it an ideal choice for projects where
space is at a premium, enabling innovation in environments where larger boards might be impractical.
Despite its small stature, the Nano boasts a rich array of I/O pins, encompassing digital and analog
inputs, PWM outputs, and serial communication ports. This flexibility allows users to seamlessly
integrate a diverse range of sensors, actuators, and components into their projects.
Facilitating ease of use, the Arduino Nano features a USB interface for both programming and power
supply, connecting effortlessly to a computer via a USB micro-B cable. The board accommodates
multiple power options, drawing energy from the USB connection or an external power source such as a
battery, thanks to its integrated voltage regulator. Additionally, the Nano often includes an onboard
LED on digital pin 13, serving as a convenient indicator for testing and debugging.
Compatible with the Arduino IDE, the Nano ensures a smooth development process for both novices
and seasoned developers alike. Its compact design, robust capabilities, and Arduino ecosystem
integration make the Arduino Nano a preferred choice for projects ranging from robotics and electronic
prototypes to embedded systems, embodying the spirit of innovation within constrained spaces.
An FTDI FT232RL on the board channels this serial communication over USB and the FTDI drivers
(included with the Arduino firmware) provide a virtual com port to software on the computer. The
Arduino software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to be sent to and from the
Arduino board. The RX and TX LEDs on the board flash when data is being transmitted via the FTDI
chip and the USB connection to the computer (but not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1). A
Software Serial library allows for serial communication on any of the Nano's digital pins. The
ATmega328 also supports I2C and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes the Wire library
to simplify use of the I2C bus
Rather than requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload, the Arduino Nano is
designed in a way that allows it to be reset by software running on a connected computer. One of the
hardware flow control lines (DTR) of the FT232RL is connected to the reset line of the ATmega328 via
a 100 nano farad capacitor. When this line is asserted (taken low), the reset line drops long enough to
reset the chip.

8
 Fig. 5.1 Pin Diagram Of Ardiuno Nano

Key features of the Arduino Nano include:

1. Microcontroller: The Nano is typically powered by an Atmel ATmega328P microcontroller, offering

32KB of flash memory for program storage and 2KB of RAM. This microcontroller is the same as the
one used in the Arduino Uno, providing compatibility with many existing Arduino projects.
2. Size: One of the defining characteristics of the Arduino Nano is its small form factor. It is significantly
smaller than the Arduino Uno, making it ideal for projects with limited space or those requiring a low-
profile design.
3. Connectivity: Despite its small size, the Nano retains a variety of I/O pins, including digital and analog
pins, PWM outputs, and serial communication ports. This versatility allows users to connect a wide
array of sensors, actuators, and other electronic components.
4. USB Interface: The Nano typically includes a USB interface for programming and power supply. It can
be easily connected to a computer for programming using a USB micro-B cable.

9
5.3 GPS Neo-6m Module

The GPS Neo-6M module stands as a pivotal component in the world of global positioning systems,
offering precise and reliable location data for a diverse range of applications. Manufactured by u-blox,
the Neo-6M is renowned for its compact design, low power consumption, and exceptional performance,
making it a popular choice among electronics enthusiasts and professionals alike.At its core, the Neo-
6M module features a high-performance u-blox 6 positioning engine, leveraging both GPS (Global
Positioning System) and GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) satellite constellations. This
dual-constellation support enhances its accuracy and robustness, ensuring a stable and consistent signal
reception even in challenging environments.
The module is equipped with a built-in antenna and requires minimal external components for
operation, simplifying integration into various electronic projects. Its small form factor and low power
consumption make it suitable for portable devices, asset tracking systems, drones, and other applications
where precise location data is critical.With support for multiple communication protocols, including
UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter), the Neo-6M seamlessly interfaces with
microcontrollers and other devices. The module provides real-time positioning information, including
latitude, longitude, altitude, speed, and time, allowing developers to create applications ranging from
navigation and geocaching to location-based services.Designed for ease of use, the Neo-6M module
typically comes with a standard serial communication interface, making it compatible with popular
microcontrollers like Arduino and Raspberry Pi. Its reliability, accuracy, and compact design have
positioned the GPS Neo-6M module as a go-to solution for projects requiring precise and efficient
global positioning capabilities. Whether used in hobbyist projects or professional applications, the Neo-
6M continues to be a reliable and indispensable tool for navigating the world with unparalleled
accuracy.

Fig.5.2 GPS Neo-6m Module

10
NEMA format:

NEMA stands for National Marine Electronics Association. It was way before when GPS was not even
invented. It was formed in 1957 by a group of electronic dealers to communicate with the
manufacturers. Now the NEMA format is used by all the GPS manufacturers, it is much like ASCII in
the computer digital world.

Features of NEO-6M GPS module:

 Interface : UART
 Operating voltage : 2.7v-3.6v DC voltage
 Baud rate : 4800-230400 bps (default 9600)
 Built-in EEPROM
 External antenna
 Operating Current : 67 mA

Pinout of NEO-6M GPS module:

 VCC : Input voltage pin which is used to power on the board.

 GND : it the ground pin to complete the circuit.
 TX, RX : used for UART communication with the microcontroller.

Fig.5.3 Pin out Of GPS Neo-6m Module

11
5.4. GSM Sim800IModule

The GSM SIM800I module, produced by SIM Com, is a highly versatile and compact communication
module that brings GSM connectivity to electronic projects. Operating on GSM (Global System for
Mobile Communications) and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) networks, this module enables
seamless data transmission, SMS messaging, and even internet connectivity in areas covered by 2G
networks. One of the distinguishing features of the SIM800I module is its small form factor, making it
suitable for projects with space constraints. The module integrates an SIM card slot, simplifying the
hardware setup and making it an accessible choice for developers and engineers. Its compact design also
facilitates integration into various electronic systems, from hobbyist projects to professional
applications. Designed for ease of use, the SIM800I communicates with microcontrollers and other
devices through a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) interface. This standardized
communication protocol ensures compatibility with popular development platforms such as Arduino
and Raspberry Pi. The module is equipped with a rich set of AT commands, allowing developers to
control and configure its functionalities with ease. Beyond basic communication, the SIM800L module
supports voice functionality, making it suitable for projects requiring two-way audio communication
over the GSM network. This feature opens up possibilities for applications like remote monitoring
systems, security systems, and even IoT (Internet of Things) devices that require cellular connectivity.
Another notable aspect of the SIM800I is its low power consumption, making it suitable for battery-
powered applications. Its efficiency in power usage allows for extended operation in remote or off-grid
locations, making it an ideal choice for applications such as asset tracking devices or environmental
monitoring systems. Additionally, the module's integrated power-saving features contribute to its
efficiency, ensuring optimal performance while conserving energy. This is particularly beneficial for
applications where power resources are limited. In summary, the GSM SIM800I module stands as a
powerful and accessible solution for incorporating GSM and GPRS capabilities into electronic projects.
Its compact design, compatibility with popular development platforms, and support for voice
communication make it a versatile choice for a wide range of applications. Whether used in hobbyist
projects, prototypes, or commercial products, the SIM800I module continues to be a reliable and
efficient tool for enabling cellular connectivity and communication in electronic systems. In summary,
the GSM SIM800L module offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for adding cellular
connectivity to electronic projects, empowering developers to create applications that require reliable
and ubiquitous communication over GSM networks. The pin diagram of GSM Sim800I As Follow:

12
 Fig.5.4 Pin out of GSM Sim800l Module

1 NET External antenna attachment pin

2 VCC Power supply pin, 3.4V to 4.4V input

3 RST Reset pin, pull low for 100ms to perform hard reset

4 RXD Serial data input

5 TXD Serial data output

6 GND Module ground reference

7, 8 SPK Speaker differential output

9, 10 MIC Microphone differential input

11 DTR Serial data terminal ready pin, pull high to enable sleep mode

12 RING Interrupt output, active low

13
 5.5. 16*2 LCD Display

The 16x2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) module is a widely used component in the realm of electronic
displays, offering a simple yet effective means of presenting information in a user-friendly format. The
"16x2" notation refers to the dimensions of the display, indicating that it can accommodate 16
characters per line and has two lines.This alphanumeric LCD module is characterized by its compact
size, ease of use, and versatility. The display consists of 16 character positions arranged in two rows,
with each position capable of displaying a character or symbol. The module employs liquid crystal
technology, wherein electrical currents are applied to control the orientation of liquid crystals,
determining which segments are visible and forming characters or patterns on the screen.
A key feature of the 16x2 LCD is its compatibility with microcontrollers and embedded systems,
making it a popular choice for electronic projects. It often interfaces with microcontrollers through
standard protocols such as the Hitachi HD44780 protocol, allowing developers to control and
manipulate the display using a minimal number of pins.
The module typically supports a wide range of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols,
making it suitable for various applications, from displaying sensor readings in embedded systems to
providing user feedback in electronic devices. The characters are displayed in a standard 5x8 dot matrix
format, ensuring clarity and legibility.
Controlled by sending specific commands and data through the interface, the 16x2 LCD module allows
developers to customize the content displayed on the screen dynamically. This flexibility is particularly
valuable for applications requiring real-time data presentation or user interaction.
The 16x2 LCD module often comes with an adjustable contrast feature, allowing users to optimize the
visibility of characters under different lighting conditions. Some versions may also include an integrated
backlight for enhanced visibility in low-light environments.
In summary, the 16x2 LCD module is a fundamental component in the toolkit of electronics enthusiasts
and professionals alike. Its compact size, ease of integration, and compatibility with microcontrollers
make it an invaluable asset for a diverse array of projects, ranging from educational endeavors and
hobbyist pursuits to complex embedded systems and prototypes. Whether conveying critical
information or providing a user interface, the 16x2 LCD display continues to play a pivotal role in the
world of electronic displays.
The Pin Diagram Of 16*2 LCD display as Follow:

14
 Figure 5.5: Pin Diagram Of 16*2 LCD Display

Important Command Codes for 16×2 LCD

Hex Code Command to LCD instruction Register

01 Clear display screen

02 Return home

04 Decrement cursor (shift cursor to left)

06 Increment cursor (shift cursor to right)

05 Shift display right

07 Shift display left

08 Display off, cursor off

0A Display off, cursor on

0C Display on, cursor off

0E Display on, cursor blinking

0F Display on, cursor blinking

10 Shift cursor position to left

14 Shift the cursor position to the right

18 Shift the entire display to the left

15
Pin
Pin Name Pin Type Pin Description Pin Connection
No.

Connected to the ground of

Pin 1 Ground Source Pin This is a ground pin of LCD
the MCU/ Power source

Connected to the supply pin

Pin 2 VCC Source Pin This is the supply voltage pin of LCD
of Power source

Connected to a variable POT

Pin 3 V0/VEE Control Pin Adjusts the contrast of the LCD.
that can source 0-5V

Connected to a MCU pin and

gets either 0 or 1.
Pin 4 Register Select Control Pin Toggles between Command/Data Register
0 -> Command Mode

1-> Data Mode

Connected to a MCU pin and

gets either 0 or 1.
Toggles the LCD between Read/Write
Pin 5 Read/Write Control Pin
Operation 0 -> Write Operation

1-> Read Operation

Must be held high to perform Read/Write Connected to MCU and

Pin 6 Enable Control Pin
Operation always held high.

In 4-Wire Mode

Only 4 pins (0-3) is

connected to MCU
Pin 7- Data/Command Pins used to send Command or data to the
Data Bits (0-7)
14 Pin LCD.
In 8-Wire Mode

All 8 pins(0-7) are connected

to MCU

Normal LED like operation to illuminate

Pin 15 LED Positive LED Pin Connected to +5V
the LCD

Normal LED like operation to illuminate

Pin 16 LED Negative LED Pin Connected to ground
the LCD connected with GND.

Chapter 6
16
 Working Principle

The Emergency Alert and Tracking Device for Women Safety operates on a comprehensive
and integrated system designed to provide swift and effective response in emergency
situations. The working principle of this project revolves around the seamless integration of
GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
technologies.
GPS Tracking: The device is equipped with a GPS module, commonly utilizing a module
like NEO-6M, which receives signals from a network of satellites to determine the device's
precise location. This GPS information includes latitude, longitude, and sometimes altitude,
providing accurate and real-time positioning data.
Microcontroller Processing: The GPS data is then processed by a microcontroller, often an
Arduino or similar device, which interprets the location information. The microcontroller
may also handle other functionalities of the device, such as interfacing with sensors,
managing power consumption, and controlling the communication modules.
GSM Communication: Simultaneously, the device incorporates a GSM module, often using
modules like SIM800L. In case of an emergency, the microcontroller triggers the GSM
module to send an alert. The GSM module communicates with cellular towers to establish a
connection with pre-defined contacts or emergency services.
Emergency Alert Transmission: The device sends an emergency alert message through
SMS (Short Message Service) to predefined contacts, conveying the user's location details
obtained from the GPS module. Some advanced systems may include an automatic voice call
feature for immediate communication.

17
 Chapter 7
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Emergency Alert and Tracking Device for Women Safety project represents a pivotal
stride towards fostering a safer and more secure environment for women. By leveraging the synergies of
GPS and GSM technologies, this device addresses the critical need for swift and effective response
mechanisms during emergencies. The integration of a GPS module ensures precise location tracking,
empowering women with the ability to convey their whereabouts accurately, even in unfamiliar or
isolated settings. The inclusion of a GSM module facilitates seamless communication with predefined
contacts or emergency services, enhancing the device's utility in critical situations. The real-time
transmission of emergency alerts via SMS or voice calls not only provides immediate assistance but also
acts as a deterrent against potential threats, creating a tangible impact on personal safety.
Moreover, the project's commitment to user-friendly interfaces, whether through physical buttons,
touchscreens, or additional sensors, ensures accessibility and ease of use. The empowerment of women
to activate emergency alerts manually or automatically through panic buttons reflects a comprehensive
approach to addressing a spectrum of safety concerns.
As we reflect on the culmination of this project, it is evident that the Emergency Alert and Tracking
Device goes beyond a technological solution; it embodies a commitment to social responsibility. By
providing women with a reliable tool for personal safety, this project contributes to the broader
conversation on gender equality, security, and the fundamental right to navigate public spaces without
fear. In the pursuit of creating a safer world for women, this project serves as a beacon of hope, a
tangible manifestation of innovation meeting societal needs. The journey does not end with the
completion of the device; rather, it marks the beginning of a transformative initiative, shaping a future
where women can move through the world with confidence, knowing that technology stands as a
steadfast ally in their pursuit of safety and empowerment.

18
 7.1. Future work

For the better functionality of the product new versions of the device can be introduced by adapting new
technologies. The present system is working efficiently, but we can still increase the functionality of the
device by using various other modules without affecting the present system. Functionalities like voice
detection, camera, screaming alarm can be added and some kind of tools for defense like Stun gun
(shock generator) can be implemented. Voice detector can be added to give the voice command which
can be priorly feed in NodeMCU to indicate emergency /danger. To send the alert message to the
persons near to the emergency location. The device can be enhanced much more in the future by using
highly compact modules
Explore the implementation of edge computing for real-time data processing. This would involve
processing critical data closer to the source (at the edge of the network), reducing latency and enhancing
the system's responsiveness.

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