0% found this document useful (0 votes)
89 views7 pages

Class 8 Chemistry Syllabus

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
89 views7 pages

Class 8 Chemistry Syllabus

Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 7

Chemistry

The Core concepts of Chemistry for Class VIII are as follows:

Class VIII

Matter

Atomic Structure

Language of Chemistry

Chemical Reactions

Carbon and its Compounds

10
Theme 1: Matter

In earlier classes, Matter was introduced and discussed as composed of atoms/molecules


and that it is found in the forms of solids, liquids and gases. In this class the aim of the
theme is to enable children to understand that these states are changed on the basis of
inter particle state and inter particle collision. The Kinetic theory of matter will be
explained to explain the change of state. They will understand that in a physical and
chemical change, the total mass before and after the change remains the same which is
known as the law of conservation of mass. Explanation of these theory and law would help
us in understanding other behaviour of the matter.

Learning Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
describe the main postulates of the kinetic theory of matter;
explain the reason of change of one state of the matter to another and vice-versa on the basis of
inter particle space and inter particle attraction and collision;
define and explain the law of conservation of mass using an example.

Matter
Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
Main postulates of kinetic 
Describing and discussing the main  Pictures of collision of
molecular theory of matter. postulates of kinetic theory of matter. particles and exchange of
 Explanation of change of 
Discussing inter particle space and inter energy.
state of the matter on the particle attraction and collision.
basis of inter particle space (Inter particle space and inter particle Chemicals and glass wares,
and inter particle attraction attraction varies from one matter to barium chloride, sodium
and collision. another. Hence the conditions of change sulphate, weighing balance,
 Law of conservation of mass. of state of a matter are different from the test tubes, distilled water,
(statement and explanation other.) filter paper, funnel and
with examples). 
Stating the law of conservation of mass. beaker.
Using videos to show that there is no
change in total mass when a physical and
chemical change takes place. (If the
reaction involves combustion in
presence of air, the mass of O2/N2 is
also to be considered)
Total mass of reactants including the
mass of atmospheric gases if any, will be
equal to the mass of the products
formed.
 Taking the example of reaction of
barium chloride with sodium
sulphate.

Integration: Physics

11
Theme 2: Atomic Structure

This theme focuses on developing children’s understanding about the atom as the building
block of all types of matter. Therefore, in science, it becomes important to know about
the atom and its structure.
In fact, everything on this earth is made up of atoms. It is the atom of an element that
takes part in chemical reactions.

Learning Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
describe that an atom consists of electrons, protons and neutrons;
define atomic number and mass number;
discuss valency of elements and radicals with respect to the number of hydrogen atoms
combining with one atom of the element.

Atomic Structure
Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
 Fundamental subatomic  Discussing historical perspective of  Books of science
particles present in an discovery of electrons, protons and /Chemistry
atom: electrons, protons, neutrons.  Videos showing the
neutrons. structure of atom
 Nucleus and extra nuclear  Identifying that a nucleus consists of
parts. protons and neutrons. Electrons are
present in its extra nuclear part.
 Atomic number and mass  Describing that atomic number (Z) is
number. the number of protons in an atom. It is
also equal to the number of electrons in
an atom.
 Mass number: it is the sum of the
number of protons and neutrons in an
atom.

Integration: Physics.

12
Theme 3: Language of Chemistry

In previous classes, discussions about the symbols of elements and the formulae of
compounds help in expressing their long names as short-hand notations which forms the
language of Chemistry. In this class children will develop the ability to derive the Formulae
of compounds if symbols of elements/radicals forming the compound and their valencies
are known. They will also be able to write chemical equations if the reactants and products
and their symbols/ formulae are known to them.

Learning Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
recall the symbols of different elements;
derive the formulae of compounds on the basis of valencies of elements and radicals;
write chemical equation of a reaction;
balance chemical equations by applying the law of conservation of mass.

Language of Chemistry
Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
 Symbols of elements.  Revisiting earlier concepts.  Valency cards PPT.
 Building on children’s previous  Video depicting the
learning. important and simple
 Conducting quiz to recapitulate the chemical equations in
 Formulae of compounds. symbols of elements in the class by which the state of
using valency cards. (symbols and reactants and products
valency of first twenty elements). is also shown.
 Chemical equations (from word  Encouraging children to derive  Quiz.
equations). Formulae of compounds from valency
and symbols/ formulae of elements/
radicals under the guidance of teacher.
 Writing word equations followed by
writing the chemical equation.
 Explaining the law of conservation of
 Law of conservation of mass. mass and its importance in balancing a
chemical equation.
 Balancing simple equations  Giving practice in balancing simple
 Relate the law to the balancing equations.
of simple equations.  Specifying the state of the reactants and
 Information gathered from a products as (s), (l) and (g) for solid,
chemical equation. liquid and gas respectively by writing
 Limitations of a chemical them after their symbols/ formulae.
equation: Catalyst, conditions  Using an equation to discuss with
for the reaction, state of the children the information provided and
reactants and products, nature the limitations by/of a chemical
of the chemical reaction are not equation.
gathered from the equation.

Integration: Mathematics, Physics

13
Theme 4: Chemical Reactions

This theme will enable children to understand that several oxides, carbonates and
hydrates on heating are converted to other compounds. Oxides of metals and non-metals
have basic and acidic character respectively. They will also realize and appreciate that
there are different types of reactions such as combinations, decomposition, displacement,
double displacement, exothermic and endothermic reactions.

Learning Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
describe different types of chemical reactions with examples;
identify the type of chemical reaction;
identify different oxides as basic, acidic, amphoteric and neutral;
explain the effect of heat on oxides of some metals.

Chemical Reactions
Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
 Types of reactions:  Explaining that chemical reactions  Magnesium wire, match
 Combination involve breaking of existing bonds and box.
 Decomposition formation of new bonds with  Limestone, tongs, test tube,
 Displacement absorption or release of energy burner.
 Double displacement. normally in the form of heat or light.  CuO, ZnO, Al2O3, litmus
Explaining with examples using paper.
chemical equations.  Virtual laboratory and
 Giving examples of reactions from daily Videos/ PPTs.
life - burning of fuel.
 Sharing videos of burning of a
magnesium ribbon. All activities and experiments
 Explaining the different types of can be shared through virtual
reactions with examples. laboratory.
 Synthesis
CaO + H2O  Ca(OH)2
Ca(OH)2 + CO2  CaCO3 + H2O
C + O2  CO2
 Decomposition
Decomposition of CaCO3, PbO.
 Displacement
Displacement of Cu from CuSO4 by Zn.
 Reactivity series:  Double displacement
In reactivity series Both the ions are displaced - NaCl +
metals are arranged in AgNO3
order of their reactivity.  Asking children to arrange metals - Cu,
The metal that displaces Ag, Al, Mg, Fe in decreasing order of
the metal ion from the their reactivity by consulting the table
solution is more of reactivity series.
reactive.  Sharing experiments (videos) for
 Predict the reactivity of different metals with metal salt
metals. solution.

14
Chemical Reactions
Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
 Sharing videos of
 neutralization of an acid with a
 Endothermic and base as an exothermic reaction.
exothermic processes/  dissolution of NH4Cl in water is an
reactions. endothermic process.
 Neutralization reaction.  Heating metal carbonates, nitrates,
 Decomposition reactions to sulphates yield oxides and carbon
form Oxides. dioxides.
 Classification of oxides: Oxides are also formed by heating
 Acidic element in presence of air.
 Basic  Activity-1 Heating limestone
 Amphoteric strongly over the flame - CaO is
 Neutral. formed
Metal oxides are basic; non-  Activity-2: Heating Lead
metal oxides are acidic in carbonate strongly - PbO is
nature. formed.
Acidic oxides react with base  Dissolving the oxide in water and
and basic oxides react with testing the acidic, basic and neutral
acids. some oxides such as oxide with litmus paper.
ZnO, PbO react both with
acids and bases. These are
amphoteric oxides.

Life skills: Critical thinking, observation, interpretation, analysis

15
Theme 5 : Carbon and its Compounds

In this theme children will learn the importance of carbon and some of its compounds. It
is a constituent of all plants and animals. In fact, a large number of compounds are made
up of carbon. It is a very versatile element.
Products such as paper, wooden furniture, soaps, food items are made up of carbon as
one of their elements and used extensively in daily life activities. The fuel that is used
in cars and trucks is also made of carbon.

Learning Outcomes:
Children will be able to:
explain the term allotropy;
describe different Allotropes of Carbon;
state the properties of Graphite and Diamond.

Carbon and its Compounds


Pedagogy/ Transactional Suggested Learning
Key Concepts / Concerns
Strategies* Resources
 Allotropes of Carbon -  Defining allotropes and explaining it  Models of structures of
definition and explanation. with different examples, -diamond, Diamond and Graphite.
 Crystalline and amorphous graphite, coal, etc.  Sample of Graphite as an
nature of allotropes of  Emphasising on different physical electrode. PPT
carbon. properties but same chemical  Videos or Virtual
 Uses of diamond, graphite, properties of allotropes. laboratory.
coke, coal, soot.  Explaining that the properties such as
 Physical properties of electric and thermal conductivity of the
Carbon dioxide. two allotropes are different.
 Chemical properties of  Emphasising that the difference in
Carbon Dioxide. physical properties is due to their
 Acidic nature. different structures. Showing the
 Reaction with lime water. models of structures and discussing the
 Properties and uses of differences.
Carbon monoxide.  Making models using dough / other
 Emphasis on use as molecular models.
reducing agent in the  Discussing the classification of
extraction of iron. crystalline and amorphous nature of
 Emphasize the harmful carbon.
properties of Carbon  Defining Allotropes on the basis of
monoxide when inhaled - -- their Crystalline and amorphous
Asphyxia. nature.
 Making a list of the uses of diamond,
graphite, coke, coal, soot from the
literature and internet.

Integration: Geography, Biology

16

You might also like