UNIT

 TEST:  GENETICS            
1. Different forms of genes are called
a. traits b. alleles.
c. monohybrid crosses c. gametes.

2. The physical appearance of an organism is called its

a. assortment. b. genotype.
c. recessive d. phenotype.

3. If two alleles are the same, they are said to be

a. recessive. b. homozygous
c. dominant. d. heterozygous

4. If one form of a gene can overpower or mask another form, it is

a. Dominant. b. homozygous
c. recessive d. heterozygous

5. Mendel’s law of segregation states that the two alleles for a given trait:
a. combine during meiosis (gamete formation)
b. separate at meiosis
c. are eliminated during meiosis
d. are tripled during meiosis

6. A trait controlled by four alleles is said to have

a. homologous alleles b. autosomes
c. hybridization d. multiple alleles

7. Eggs and sperm are both examples of ____________.

a. alleles b. monohybrid crosses
c. gametes d. offspring

8. A monohybrid cross can be best described as

a. breeding among plants
b. a cross among one pair of contrasting traits.
c. a cross among two pairs of contrasting traits.
d. a cross to test if an individual carries one or two dominant alleles.

9. The genetic makeup of an individual is its ___________________.

a. genotype. b. phenotype.
c. dominance. d. allelic frequency.

10. Alleles of different genes separate independently of one another during gamete
formation is best described as:
a. Mendel’s law of independent assortment. b. Mendel’s law of segregation.
c. Mendel’s law of allelic frequency. d. all of the above.
11. The pedigree below shows the occurrence of Becker muscular dystrophy in a family.
Becker muscular dystrophy causes muscle weakness.

Based on this pedigree, it is most reasonable to conclude that Becker muscular dystrophy
is which of the following?
a. polygenic trait b. codominant trait
c. sex-linked trait d. an autosomal dominant trait

12. The diagram below shows the positions of the genes for flower color and stem
length in a pea plant. The chromosomes represented below will replicate before
meiosis.

For these two genes, what is the maximum

number of different allele combinations
that can be formed normally in gametes
produced from this cell?
a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

13. The parental generation of Mendel’s experiments was always _____ for a trait.
a. self fertilized b. true-bred c. dominant d. recessive

14. In order to ensure that your answer for #13 was guaranteed, Mendel would often
perform a(n) ________, which can be best described as _________.
a. analysis; breeding an unknown genotype to a heterozygous individual
b. test cross; breeding an unknown genotype to a homozygous dominant individual
c. test cross; breeding an unknown genotype to a homozygous recessive individual
d. analysis; self-fertilizing the individual and analyzing the offspring
For questions 15-18, use the following answer key to determine the pattern of
inheritance:
A. incomplete dominance
B. codominance
C. polygenic trait
D. X-linked trait

15. Skin color in humans is controlled by six different genes, an example of a genotype for
human skin color would be: aaBbccDDEeFf, or AabbCcddEEFF.

16. A red carnation and a yellow carnation cross-fertilize and produce six peach-colored
carnations.

17. A woman who is a carrier for Duschene’s Muscular dystrophy passes the disorder onto
one of her sons.

18. Certain breeds of chickens can be black-feathered, white-feathered, or checkered-

feathered.

19. Because the gene for red-green colorblindness is located on the X chromosome, it is
not possible for
a. a carrier mother to pass the gene on to daughter.
b. a carrier mother to pass the gene on to her son.
c. a colorblind father to pass the gene onto his daughter.
d. a colorblind father to pass the gene onto his son.

20. The blood types A, B, AB and O are the result of ___________ inheritance.
a. multiple allele b. polygenic inheritance
c. sex-linked d. simple dominant

21. Human blood types are genetically determined. A male and a female both have blood
type AB. If they have a child, what is the probability that child will also have blood type AB?
a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100%

22. Which of the following terms applies to traits, such as human eye color, that are
controlled by more than one gene?
a. codominant b. recessive c. polygenic d. sex-linked

23. What is the genotype of a colorblind female?

a. XHY b. XHXh c. XhX h
d. XHXH

24. In fruit flies, long wings are dominant and vestigial wings are recessive. If a long-
winged fruit fly that is heterozygous mates with a fruit fly that has vestigial wings, which
percentage of their offspring will have vestigial wings?

a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100%

Questions 25-28 refer to the figure below.

25. What is the probable mode of inheritance for the trait shown in the pedigree above?
a. autosomal dominant b. autosomal recessive
c. codominant d. polygenic

26. Based on the pedigree above, what can you infer about II-2’s parents?
a. they are both carriers of the trait
b. they are both homozygous dominant
c. they are both homozygous recessive
d. none of the above

27. What relation is I-2 to III-3?

a. grandfather b. great grandmother
c. grandmother d. aunt

28. What are the chances that individual III-2 is a carrier for this trait?
a. 25% b. 50% c. 0% d. 100%

29. In humans, freckles are encoded by a dominant allele. An individual woman is

heterozygous for freckles. According to the law of segregation, which of the following would
apply to a child of this woman?
a. The child must inherit the dominant allele for freckles.
b. The child must inherit the recessive allele for freckles.
c. The child has an equal chance of inheriting the dominant allele or the recessive allele for
freckles from her mother.
d. The child has a greater chance of inheriting the dominant allele than the recessive allele
for freckles from her mother.
30. Leaves from two white clover plants, each with a different pattern, are shown below:

The leaf patterns are genetically determined by alleles of a single gene. Plant 1 is
homozygous for the chevron allele. Plant 2 is homozygous for the oval allele. The chevron
and oval alleles are codominant.
If plant 1 and plant 2 are crossed, the codominance of the alleles will most likely result in
which of the following leaf patterns on the offspring plants?

A B C D

31. A species of rabbits can produce black, white or gray bunnies. Two gray rabbits cross.
Which percentage of their offspring will be black?
a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d. 100%

32. A woman is a carrier for hemophilia. She marries a normal male. They have a son.
What is the chance that he will have hemophilia?
a. 0% b. 25% c. 50% d.100%

33. Pigeons may have three different feather colors: ash red (BA), blue (B), or wild type (b).
Ash-red is dominant to all, blue is dominant to wild type but not ash-red, and wild type is
recessive.
Cross a pure ash-red pigeon with a blue pigeon who also carries the recessive allele.

The percentage of offspring that will be ash-red AND CARRY THE RECESSIVE ALLELE
would most likely be:
a. 0% b. 25% c.50% d.100%

Short Answer

1) There was a mix up at the nursery between two families, the Pages and the Bakers. You
must determine which baby belongs to the correct family based on their blood types. Show
Punnett Squares to prove that your solution is correct.

Person Mr. Mrs. Mr. Mrs. Baby Baby

Page Page Baker Baker #1 #2
Blood AB B B B A O
Type
2) People who are tune deaf are unable to follow a rhythm. Scientists have evidence that
tune deafness can be genetic. The pedigree below traces the inheritance of tune deafness
in a family. Individuals in the pedigree are numbered.

Scientists have analyzed the inheritance patterns for tune deafness and have
concluded that tune deafness is caused by an autosomal dominant allele, T.

a. Provide evidence from the pedigree that conclusively shows that the tune
deafness allele is autosomal dominant, not autosomal recessive. Explain your
reasoning.

b. Identify the genotypes of individuals 5 and 6, and then draw the Punnett square
for the cross of these two individuals.

c. Compare the expected percentage of each phenotype of the offspring from the
cross in part (b) with the actual percentage of each phenotype observed in the
children of individuals 5 and 6.