JEE Mains 2019

Waves and Sound - Answers

Q1

Q3

Q2

Q4
Q5

Q9

Q6

Q10

Q7

Q11

Q12

Q8
Q13

Q17

Q14
Q18

Q15

Q19

Q16
Q20
Q21

Q22

Q23
 JEE Mains 2020 January

Q1
Sol

Q2
Sol
Q3
Sol

Q4
Sol
 JEE MAIN JULY 2021
Answer Key

Q1 (2) Q2 (132) Q3 (1)

Q1

At t = 0, y =
1

2
1+x

At time t = t, y = 1

1+(x−vt)
2

At t = 1, y = (i)
1

2
…
1+(x−v)

At t = 1, y = (ii)
1

2
…
1+(x−2)

Comparing (i) & (ii)

v = 2 m/s

Q2

Wall as an observer

Frequency received by wall

C
f1 = f0 ( )
C−V

Again wall as a source

Frequency received by observer on car

C+V
f2 = f1 ( )
C

C+V
f2 = f0 ( )
C−V

C+V
500 = 400 ( )
C−V

5 C+V
=
4 C−V

C = 9 V

C 330
V = = m/s
9 9

330 18
V = × = 132 km/h
9 5
 q.3

1+β v
f = f0 √ β =
1−β c

f 1+β
√
f0 1−β

2
Δf −1
(1 + ) = (1 + β)(1 − β)
f0

β is small compared to 1
2Δf
(1 + ) = (1 + 2β)
f0

Δf v
β = =
f0 c

c
v = 6 × = 305.6 km/s
5890
 JEE Main 2021 (August)

Answer Key
Q1 (10) Q2 (34) Q3 (1210) Q4 (7) Q5 (1) Q6 (2025)

Q1 (10)
kg
−4
μ = 9.0 × 10
m

T = 900 N

T 900
V = √ = √ −4
= 1000 m/s
μ
9×10

f1 = 500 Hz

f = 550

nV

2ℓ
= 500 … (i)
(n+1)V
= 500 …
2ℓ

V
(ii) (i) 2ℓ
= 50

1000
ℓ = = 10
2×50

Q2 (34)

λ
= ℓ ⇒ λ = 4ℓ
4

V V
f = =
λ 4ℓ

340
⇒ 250 =
4ℓ

34
⇒ ℓ = = 0.34 m
4×25

ℓ = 34 cm

Q3 (1210)
 Vx = 36 km/hr = 10 m/s

Vy = 72 km/hr = 20 m/s

by doppler's effect

V±V0
′
F = F0 ( )
V±Vs

340+20
1320 = F0 ( ) ⇒ F0 = 1210 Hz
340−10

Q4 (7)

y1 = A1 sink(x − vt)

y1 = 12 sin 6.28(x − vt)

y2 = 5 sin 6.28(x − vt + 3.5)

2π
Δϕ = (Δx)
λ

= K(Δx)

7
= 6.28 × 3.5 = × 2π = 7π
2

2 2
And = √A + A + 2A1 A2 cos ϕ
1 2

2 2
Anet = √(12) + (5) + 2(12)(5) cos(7π)

= √144 + 25 − 120

Ans. (7)

Q5 (1)

For node

−1
cos(1.57 cm )x = 0

−1 π
(1.57 cm )x =
2

π
x = cm = 1 cm
2(1.57)

Ans. 1.00
Q6 (2025)

′ C−V0
f = f ( )
C+Vs

340−20
1800 = f ( )
340+20

f = 2025 Hz

Ans. 2025
 JEE Main 2022 (June)

Answer Key

Q1 (A) Q2 (D) Q3 (5) Q4 (80)

Q5 (152) Q6 (A) Q7 (C) Q8 (B)

Q9 (D) Q10 (50) Q11 (B) Q12 (104)

Q1 (A)

Q2 (D)

Q3 (5)
Q4 (80)
Q5 (152)
Q6 (A)
Q7 (C)

Q8 (B)

Q9 (D)
Q10 (50)

Q11 (B)

Q12 (104)
 JEE Main 2022 (June)

Answer Key
Hints and Solutions

Q1 (20)

Q2 (200)
Q3 (A)
Q4 (3)
Q5 (C)
Q6 (340)
Q7 (24)

Q8 (15)
 JEE Main 2023 (January)

Answer Key
Q1 (3) Q2 (18) Q3 (1) Q4 (400)

Q5 (2) Q6 (120) Q7 (20) Q8 (2)

Q1 (3)

Q2 (18)

Q3 (1)

Q4 (400)
Q5 (2)

Q6 (120)

Q7 (20)
Q8 (2)
 JEE Main 2023 (April)

ANSWER KEYS
1. (420) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (900) 5. (60) 6. (20) 7. (1152) 8. (2)
9. (80) 10. (1) 11. (500) 12. (90)

1. (420)

The formula to calculate the frequency (f ') as heard by an observer with respect to the frequency (f ) produced from a source is given by
v±vo
f' = f . . . . (1)
v∓vs

where, v is the speed of sound in air, v is the speed of the observer and v is the speed of the source.
o s

In the first situation, the source is the moving car and the observer is the wall. Hence, the frequency (f w
) as heard on the wall can be written as
v−0
fw = f
v−vc

v
= f . . . . (2)
v−vc

where, v is the speed of the car.

c

In the second situation, when the sound reflects back from the wall, the source of sound is the wall and the observer is the car.
Hence, the frequency (f c) of sound as heard by the car after the reflection is given by
v+vc
fc = fw
v−0

v+vc
= fw . . . . (3)
v

From equation (2) and (3), it follows that

v+vc
v
fc = × f
v v−vc

v+vc
= f . . . . (4)
v−vc

It is given in the problem that

fc − f = 40 . . . . . (5)

Substitute the expression from equation (4) into equation (5) and solve to calculate the frequency of the horn.
v+vc
f − f = 40
v−vc

2vc
⇒ f = 40
v−vc
v−vc 330−15
−1 −1
⇒ f = 40 = 40 × m s = 420 m s
2vc 2×15

2. (2)

The formula to calculate the speed of sound in hydrogen gas is given by

γRT
vH = √ . . .(1)
2 MH
2

The formula to calculate the speed of sound in oxygen is given by

γRT
vO = √ . . .(2)
2
MO
2

Divide equation (1) by (2) and simplify to obtain the required ratio.
vH MO
2 2
= √ . . .(3)
vO MH
2 2

Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (3) to calculate the required ratio.
vH
2 32
=√
vO 2
2

= 4 : 1

3. (1)

The formula to calculate the frequency of the sound as heard by the passenger inside the train can be written as
v−vO
f ' = f0 [ ] . . .(1)
v−vs

Since the passenger is inside the train, the speeds of the source and the observer are the same.
Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (1) to get the required frequency.
330−10
f '=400[ ] Hz
330−10

=400 Hz
4. (900)

The formula for the frequency in an open organ pipe is

nv
f =
2L

Since, it is a second harmonic, n = 2

The frequency of the second harmonic becomes f =
2v

2L
=
v

The data given is

L = 0. 4 m

−1
v = 360 m s

Substituting the values in the frequency formula

−1
360 m s
f = = 900 Hz
0.4 m

5. (60)

The formula to calculate the fundamental frequency produced in a vibrating string is given by
v
f0 = . . .(1)
2L

For the first case, it can be written that

v
120 = . . .(2)
2(90)

Similarly, for the second case, it can be written that

v
180 = . . .(3)
2(L)

Divide equation (3) by equation (2) and solve to obtain the required length of the string.
v

2(L)
180
= v
120
2 ( 90 )

90
=
L

120
⇒L = 90 ×
180

= 60

6. (20)

The general equation for a wave can be written as y = A sin(ωt + kx). Comparing it with the given equation, y = 5 sin(6t + 0. 003x) ,
ω = 6 rad s
−1
, k = 0. 003 cm
−1

Using the equation, v = ω

k
6 −1
v = = 20 m s
2
0.003×10

7. (1152)
The equation of the wave is
−2 π
Y = 10 sin 2π(160t − 0. 5x + )
4

The velocity of a wave is given by v = ω

k
. . . (i) .
A wave equation is given by
Y = A sin(ωt − kx + ϕ)

Using equation (i),

2π×160 −1
v =( )= 320 m s
2π×0.5

18
⇒ v = 320 ×
5

−1
⇒ v = 1152 km h

8. (2)

Let velocity of sound in air be v m s . Using Doppler formula, −1

v+vo
f = f0 ( )
v−vs

v+40
= f0 ( )
v−20

360+40
= 400( )
340

≈ 471 Hz
9. (80)
Using the relation of Young's modulus,
T ΔL
= Y( )
A L

Y ΔL
⇒ T =( × A)
L

The linear mass density is μ =(

m

L
) .
So,
Y (ΔL)×LA 1
T Y ΔLA Y ΔL
= = =( )×( )
μ m L(m) L ρ
L( )
L

Substituting the values,

10 −4
T 8×10 ×3.2×10 1 3
= ×( )= 6. 4 × 10
μ 0.5 3
8×10

T 2
⇒ = 64 × 10
μ

The fundamental frequency is given by f =

1

2L
√
T

μ
.
T −1
⇒ √ = 8 × 10 = 80 m s
μ

Therefore,
80
f =( )= 80 Hz
1

10. (1)
It is given,
f5 = 405 Hz .
As the first three resonance frequencies are in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 5, therefore it must be a closed organ pipe.
The frequency formula in a closed organ pipe is given by f =
nv

4l
. So,
5v
= 405 Hz
4I

405×4
⇒ I = = 1 m
5×324

11. (500)

The formula to calculate the fundamental frequency in a stretched string is given by

1 T
f = √ . . .(1)
2L μ

For the first mass, it can be written that

1 m1 g
f1 = √ . . .(2)
2L μ

And, for the second mass, it can be written that

1 m2 g
f2 = √ . . .(3)
2L μ

Divide equation (3) by equation (2) and simplify to obtain the required mass.
m g
1 2
√
f2 2L μ

=
f1 1 m1 g
√
2L μ

m2
= √
m1

2
m1 f1
⇒ = ( )
m2 f2

2
f2
⇒m2 = m1 ( ) . . .(4)
f1

Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (4) to calculate the required mass.
2
50 Hz
m2 =180 g × ( )
30 Hz

= 500 g

12. (90)

The fundamental frequency is f = 50 Hz .

The length of the string is l = λ

Linear mass density is μ = m

l
= 20 g m
−1

Using v = f λ
v
= 50
2l
100×18 −1
⇒ v = 100 × l = = 90 m s
20