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2d Steady State Heat Conduction

This document summarizes the 2D steady state heat conduction problem for a rectangular plate with constant thermal properties. The governing equations are discretized using a finite difference approach on a uniform grid. Equations are provided for the temperature at internal, boundary, and corner nodes. The surface heat flow is also calculated by summing the heat flow over each boundary segment.

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Aly Hassan Waly
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27 views10 pages

2d Steady State Heat Conduction

This document summarizes the 2D steady state heat conduction problem for a rectangular plate with constant thermal properties. The governing equations are discretized using a finite difference approach on a uniform grid. Equations are provided for the temperature at internal, boundary, and corner nodes. The surface heat flow is also calculated by summing the heat flow over each boundary segment.

Uploaded by

Aly Hassan Waly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2D STEADY STATE HEAT

CONDUCTION

Name : Aly Hassan Aly Hassan Waly


1.0 Problem Definition
Assumptions
- Steady state conduction y
T o ho
- Constant properties j=
N

-2D ( dTdz =0) b


T i hi
a 2a
- Thickness is plate is unity

Givens

j=1
- a=5 cm i=1 2b
i= x

- b=10 cm

W
- k =10
mk

W
- T o=100 ℃ , ho =10 2
m k

W
- T i=0 ℃ , hi=1 2
m k

2.0 Discretized equations


∆ x=∆ y for all equation

2.1 Internal nodes

1
T i , j = ( T i−1 , j +T i +1 , j+T i , j+1 +T i , j −1 )
4
2.2 Outer boundary
Left lower corner

T i,j=
( 2+
1
2∗h o∗∆ x () T i+1 , j +T i , j +1+
2∗ho∗∆ x∗T o
k )
k

Left upper corner

( )( )
1 2∗h o∗∆ x∗T o
T i,j= T i+1 , j +T i , j−1 +
2∗h o∗∆ x k
2+
k

right lower corner

( )( )
1 2∗h o∗∆ x∗T o
T i,j= T i−1 , j+T i , j+1 +
2∗h o∗∆ x k
2+
k

right upper corner

T i,j=
( 2+
1
2∗h o∗∆ x () T i−1 , j +T i , j−1+
2∗ho∗∆ x∗T o
k )
k

left boundary

(
T i,j=
4+
1
2∗h o∗∆ x () T i , j+1 +T i , j−1 +2 T i +1 , j +
2∗ho∗∆ x∗T o
k )
k

right boundary

( )( )
1 2∗ho∗∆ x∗T o
T i,j= T i , j +1+ T i , j−1+ 2T i−1 , j+
2∗Q R k
4+
k
lower boundary

(
T i,j=
4+
1
2∗h o∗∆ x () T i+1 , j +T i−1 , j +2 T i , j+ 1+
2∗ho∗∆ x∗T o
k )
k
upper boundary

T i,j=
( 4+
1
2∗h o∗∆ x () T i+1 , j +T i−1 , j +2 T i , j−1 +
2∗h o∗∆ x∗T o
k )
k

2.3 Inner boundary

left lower corner

( )( )
1 2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
T i,j= 2 (T i−1 , j +T i , j−1)+T i+1 , j +T i , j +1+
2∗hi∗∆ x k
6+
k

left upper corner

(
T i,j=
6+
1
2∗hi∗∆ x ()
2 (T i−1 , j +T i , j+ 1)+T i+1 , j+ T i , j−1+
2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
k )
k

right lower corner

(
T i,j=
6+
1
2∗hi∗∆ x ()
2 (T i +1 , j +T i , j−1)+T i−1 , j +T i , j +1+
2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
k )
k

right upper corner

( )( )
1 2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
T i,j= 2 (T i +1 , j +T i , j+1 )+T i−1 , j+ T i , j−1+
2∗hi∗∆ x k
6+
k

left boundary

T i,j=
( 4+
1
2∗hi∗∆ x () T i , j +1 + T i , j−1 +2T i−1 , j+
2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
k )
k

right boundary

T i,j=
( 4+
1
2∗hi∗∆ x () T i , j +1 + T i , j−1 +2T i+1 , j +
2∗h i∗∆ x∗T i
k )
k
lower boundary

( )( )
1 2∗hi∗∆ x∗T i
T i,j= T i+1 , j+ T i−1 , j +2T i , j−1+
2∗hi∗∆ x k
4+
k

upper boundary

T i,j=
( 4+
1
2∗hi∗∆ x () T i+1 , j + T i−1 , j +2T i , j+1 +
2∗h i∗∆ x∗T i
k )
k

2.4 Surfaces Heat Flow


Outer boundary
4
Q ¿ =∑ Q k
k=1

left boundary
N−1
ho∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Q1= ∑ [ h o∗∆ x∗( T 1 , j −T o ) ] + ∗(0.75 T 1 ,1 +0.25 T 1 , 2−T o)+ o ∗(0.75T 1 , N +0.25 T 1 , N−1−T o )
j =2 2 2

right boundary
N−1
h o∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Q2= ∑ [ ho∗∆ x∗( T M , j−T o ) ]+ ∗(0.75 T M ,1 +0.25 T M , 2−T o)+ o ∗(0.75 T M , N +0.25 T M , N −1−T o )
j =2 2 2
lower boundary
M −1
ho∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Q3= ∑ [ h o∗∆ x∗( T i , 1−T o ) ] + ∗(0.75T 1 ,1 +0.25 T 2 ,1−T o )+ o ∗(0.75 T M ,1 +0.25 T M −1 ,1−T o )
i=2 2 2

upper boundary
M −1
h o∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Q4 = ∑ [ ho∗∆ x∗( T i , N −T o ) ]+ ∗(0.75 T 1, N + 0.25 T 2 , N −T o)+ o ∗(0.75T M ,N +0.25 T M −1 , N −T o )
i=2 2 2

inner boundary
4
Qout =∑ Qik
k=1
imin=i at x=0.05 m
imax=i at x=0.15 m
jmin= j at Y =0.025 m
imin= j at x =0.075 m
left boundary
jmax −1
hi∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Qi1= ∑ [ h i∗∆ x∗( T imin, j −T i ) ]+ 2
∗( 0.75T imin, jmin +0.25 T imin, jmin+1 −T i )+ i
2
∗(0.75 T imin , jmax + 0.25T imi
j= jmin+1

right boundary

jmax −1
hi∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Qi2= ∑ [ h i∗∆ x∗( T imax , j−T i ) ] + 2
∗(0.75T imax , jmin +0.25 T imax , jmin+1−T i )+ i
2
∗(0.75T imax , jmax +0.25 T i
j= jmin+1
lower boundary

imax −1
hi∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Qi3 = ∑ [ h i∗∆ x∗( T i , jmin −T i ) ]+ 2
∗(0.75 T imin, jmin +0.25 T imin+ 1, jmin −T i )+ i
2
∗(0.75 T imax , jmin + 0.25T ima
i=imin+1

upper boundary
imax−1
hi∗∆ x h ∗∆ x
Qi 4= ∑ [ hi∗∆ x∗( T i , jmax−T i ) ] + 2
∗(0.75 T imin, jmax + 0.25 T imin+1 , jmax−T i)+ i
2
∗(0.75 T imax , jmax+ 0.25T im
i=imin+1

3.0 MATLAB program


clc,clear;
hi=1;Ti=0;
ho=10;To=100;
k=10;
a=0.05;
b=0.1;
dx=0.0025;
M=(2*b/dx)+1;
N=(2*a/dx)+1;
i=1:M;
j=1:N;
X=2*b.*(i-1)./(M-1);
Y=2*a.*(j-1)./(N-1);
T(i,j)=90;
pcolor(Y,X,T)
err=1;
p=0;
%%
while err>1e-4
p=p+1;
Told=T;
for i=1:M
for j=1:N
if X(i)==0 && Y(j)==0 %left lower corner
T(i,j)=(T(i,j+1)+T(i+1,j)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(2+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0 && Y(j)==2*a %left upper corner
T(i,j)=(T(i,j-1)+T(i+1,j)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(2+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==2*b && Y(j)==0 %right lower corner
T(i,j)=(T(i-1,j)+T(i,j+1)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(2+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==2*b && Y(j)==2*a %right upper corner
T(i,j)=(T(i-1,j)+T(i,j-1)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(2+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0 && Y(j)<2*a && Y(j)>0 %left boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i,j+1)+T(i,j-1)+2*T(i+1,j)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(4+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==2*b && Y(j)<2*a && Y(j)>0 %right boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i,j+1)+T(i,j-1)+2*T(i-1,j)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(4+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)>0 && X(i)<2*b && Y(j)==0 %lower boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i+1,j)+T(i-1,j)+2*T(i,j+1)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(4+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)>0 && X(i)<2*b && Y(j)==2*a %upper boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i+1,j)+T(i-1,j)+2*T(i,j-1)+(2*ho*dx*To/k))/(4+(2*ho*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.5*b && Y(j)==0.5*a %inner lower left corner
T(i,j)=(2*(T(i-1,j)+T(i,j-1))+T(i+1,j)+T(i,j+1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(6+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.5*b && Y(j)==0.075 %inner upper left corner
T(i,j)=(2*(T(i-1,j)+T(i,j+1))+T(i+1,j)+T(i,j-1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(6+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.15 && Y(j)==0.075 %inner upper right corner
T(i,j)=(2*(T(i+1,j)+T(i,j+1))+T(i-1,j)+T(i,j-1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(6+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.15 && Y(j)==0.025 %inner lower right corner
T(i,j)=(2*(T(i+1,j)+T(i,j-1))+T(i-1,j)+T(i,j+1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(6+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.5*b && Y(j)>0.025 && Y(j)<0.075 %left inner boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i,j+1)+T(i,j-1)+2*T(i-1,j)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(4+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)==0.15 && Y(j)<0.075 && Y(j)>0.025 %right boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i,j+1)+T(i,j-1)+2*T(i+1,j)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(4+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)>0.5*b && X(i)<0.15 && Y(j)==0.025 %lower boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i+1,j)+T(i-1,j)+2*T(i,j-1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(4+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)>0.5*b && X(i)<0.15 && Y(j)==0.075 %upper boundary
T(i,j)=(T(i+1,j)+T(i-1,j)+2*T(i,j+1)+(2*hi*dx*Ti/k))/(4+(2*hi*dx/k));
else if X(i)>0.5*b && X(i)<0.15 && Y(j)<0.075 && Y(j)>0.5*a % non
T(i,j)=Ti;
else
T(i,j)=(T(i+1,j)+T(i-1,j)+T(i,j+1)+T(i,j-1))/4 ;
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
end
err=sqrt(sumsqr(Told-T));

end
%%
contourf(X,Y,T');
q1=ho*dx*sum(T(1,2:N-1)-To)+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(1,1)+0.25*T(1,2)-To)...
+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(1,N)+0.25*T(1,N-1)-To)
q2=ho*dx*sum(T(M,2:N-1)-To)+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(M,1)+0.25*T(M,2)-To)...
+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(M,N)+0.25*T(M,N-1)-To)
q3=ho*dx*sum(T(2:M-1,1)-To)+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(1,1)+0.25*T(2,1)-To)...
+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(M,1)+0.25*T(M-1,1)-To)
q4=ho*dx*sum(T(2:M-1,N)-To)+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(1,N)+0.25*T(2,N)-To)...
+ho*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(M,N)+0.25*T(M-1,N)-To)
qt=q1+q2+q3+q4
imin=find(X==0.05);
imax=find(X==0.15);
jmin=find(Y==0.025);
jmax=find(Y==0.075);
q1i=hi*dx*sum(T(imin,jmin+1:jmax-1)-Ti)+hi*(dx/2)/(0.75*T(imin,jmin)+0.25*T(imin,jmin+1)-
Ti)...
+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imin,jmax)+0.25*T(imin,jmax-1)-Ti)
q2i=hi*dx*sum(T(imax,jmin+1:jmax-1)-Ti)+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imax,jmin)+0.25*T(imax,jmin+1)-
Ti)...
+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imax,jmax)+0.25*T(imax,jmax-1)-Ti)
q3i=hi*dx*sum(T(imin+1:imax-1,jmax)-Ti)+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imin,jmax)+0.25*T(imin+1,jmax)-
Ti)...
+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imax,jmax)+0.25*T(imax-1,jmax)-Ti)
q4i=hi*dx*sum(T(imin+1:imax-1,jmin)-Ti)+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imin,jmin)+0.25*T(imin+1,jmin)-
Ti)...
+hi*(dx/2)*(0.75*T(imax,jmin)+0.25*T(imax-1,jmin)-Ti)
qti=q1i+q2i+q3i+q4i
dq=qt+qti
nodes=M*N-(imax-imin+1)*(jmax-jmin+1);
4.0 Grid independence study
∆ x=∆ y
No of nodes Q¿(W/m) Qout (W/m) Error = Q¿ −Qout
(m)
630 0.005 28.48 28.47 0.01
2460 0.0025 28.48 28.47 0.01
9720 0.00125 28.48 28.472 0.0098

5.0 Results
5.1 Heat flow through surfaces

Boundary Surface Q Heat Flow (W/m)


Left Q1 4.5980
Right Q2 4.5980
Outer boundary lower Q3 9.6428
upper Q4 9.6428
Total Q¿ 28.48
Left Q i1 4.7509
Right Qi2 4.7509
Inner boundary lower Qi3 9.4850
upper Qi 4 9.4850
Total Qout 28.472
5.2 Temperature distribution

5.3 Isotherm lines

5.4 Heat flow lines


Heat flow lines

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