IBDP Mathematics: Applications and Interpretations(HL/SL)

Name: ____________________________ Class: 12D1 Date: ________(T1W2) WS 1.2

Chain rule and reverse chain rule for integration

We have the following standard integrals:

xn 1
1. Power function: x n dx ,n –1
n 1
2. Exponential function: e x dx e x

3. Trigonometric function: sin x dx cos x , cos x dx sin x , sec2 x dx tan x

1 1
4. Integral of the form : dx ln x , x 0
x x
x6
In the above, the variable of integration is x. We know that x5 dx + c, but what happens if we
6 '

5
have 3x 1 dx ? In cases where the “angle x” has changed, we may use the chain rule to do the
integration. In general,
,

y
n 1
n f x
1. Power function: f' x f x dx ,n –1
n 1
f x f x
2. Exponential function: f' x e dx e

3. Trigonometric function: f ' x sin f x dx cos f x , f ' x cos f x dx sin f x ,

f ' x sec2 f x dx tan f x

1 f' x
4. Integral of the form : dx ln f x
f x f x

Example 1. [Applyig chain rule to integrals]

Find the following integrals.
x2
(a) x 2 3 x3 dx (b) xe1 dx

2
(c) 2 x sec2 1 3x2 dx (d) dx
4x 1

(e) x sin 2 x2 1 dx (f) cos2 x sin x dx

1
(g) dx (h) sin 3x ecos3x dx
ex ln x
(i) sin x cos x sin sin 2 x dx

3.3-1
 fcx,
" b)

f- CX)
' "* →×
.

f. *
ax on,
= 2X

=
-

tz§3-x÷Z ) =tzeHx2 to

?
=

I (3×3)
-
to

fcx)
d)
4 2x seated NX 2) 4 DX f- Cx) -
4x4

flex) '
4

#
DX
tanh -3×2) 4¥
= =
to
,
'
f- )
Cx

= - 6x
=

tlnfyxtil to

e) -

f x sniz DX

f- ' * f- 4X
f)
J c d
six DX

t fax sin (
=

Until full
-

DX

[ ( 2x ' til)
f cod xfsinx)
=

I cos to DX
-

=
.

]
=

I, cos (2×241) TC
= -

co§X_ to

9) HIS -3sin3×efd¥ t'

get dx

"
→sing ,

Jews + a
-

If
"

ax

tf teinlinxleo
-

-
-
 f- Cx)
I
f Strix cos x
( sin dx flex =
zsinxcosx

'
I ( sin
4siD

If )
=

- cos ( sink)

to
Ias (
=
-
sink)

#
 f
"
e dx =
ex

!"
¥5 ④
'
distinct ex

f LXI

Iq em
=

.
 "
① f x dx =

k÷

① f ( 2x id'd
-
's =

K¥I
③ iiiiioix 3 .

Jftx[fc×Bndx=fEH
If 6×65-1/8 dx

PEU ¥4417 to
,
 IBDP Mathematics: Applications and Interpretations(HL/SL)

¥
Dr
Example 2. [Application of reverse chain rule to find equation of curve]
Find the equation of the curve that passes through (1, 2), given that its gradient function is e2x+1.
x -

↳
exact
y
= . - . .

sub . ACH , 4=2 .

dy
" "

z×=
feat
e '
z to
-

Integrate writ :
x
Ie
.

-
'
c.
=
z

y =
f ezxtl DX

Equation of
f- Cx) is
" cure

E) 2nd
=
ax
fees
""

Y Te 2-
-

' t .

I ezxel
=

y + c

② Find a .

① Integrate

Example 3. [A real-world application of reverse chain rule]

In a laboratory, the rate at which a fungus spreads can be modeled by the function
0.5t
It a e
F (t) = where F(t) is the number of fungi(in units) at time t hours.
dt
0.5t 3
2 1 2e

(a) Given that theD D

initial number of fungi was 5 units, find an expression for F(t). D
(b) State with a reason, the number of fungi after a long period of time.
:
Integrate art e

FH -

S de

If e-
o 's
-4 (+ ze-o.se/dt

'

¥ie
"
" 'e' "

=
-

Iz ft 2005-4-2
-
- Z

3.3-4
 D

sub .

teo ,
Fel
-
-
5 :
if =
+
HIT
5- =
1- to

44+212 b) As t → no
o -5L
→ O ①
,
e-
5=136 " C

(
=

17936
÷f¢ ) =¥jzt'7 =
units ②