Introduction To Computer Abd Windows
Introduction To Computer Abd Windows
ln-troductlon
Our lifestyles have undergone a seachange with the
in technology,advancement
especially in the field of computers. Computers are an integral
four lifestyle today and are found in offices, homes, schools, colleges, hotels, shops, etc.
• a vance in technology has made our lives easy and comfortable.
Computer is one of the most marvelous inventions at the ancient times. ft has
grown d its original, purpose of computing. Today, it is used in all walks of human
fif,e. Its ications range from simple data entry to complex global electronic commerce
and o rne
t • • gto technology development. Ever since its invention, the power of computer hasbeen
e-01w·,ng rapidly. Computers are used in so many fields in our daily life. Some of the most
.,r1.ugr areas of computer use today include telecommunication, transportation, educatio
, ing, entertainment, publishing, military, police, engineering, production, healthcare
and on·c Commerce.
The term computer is derived from the Latin term 'computare'' t h· s means
ta lat1ng or programmable machine. The computer is an electronic device that is designed
orx with data (Instructions). The computer cannot do anything
Without a pr0;gram.
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Input Data
Processing Data
Output Information
Storing Data
Speed
A computer is a very fast device. It can carry out instructions at a very high
speed. Computer t_ransimission speed is 2,20,00,000 m/sec. So computer
speed is expressed by microseconds. Humans take hours to complete the
same task with a transimission speed of around 80 m/sec. •
Accuracy
Accuracy of a computer is consistently high when compared to human and
the degree of accuracy of a particular computer depends on the instructions
and the type of processor used. Human accurate result is 94%, where as
accurate result of a computer is 99%.
VersatiHty
A computer can work with different type of data and information such as
visuals; text, graphics and video etc. So working of computer with different
types of data is known as Versat1l'ty.. That means computer can perform
different types of j,ob effkient:ly.
,st rage
Data storage is. an e-ssential funcf o • of a computer. A computer can have
lot of storage devices. which can store tremendous amount of data. A human
storage capacity is 1000 million instruction, whereas a computer storage
capacity is infinity.
Reliablity
A computer can produce a stable and consistent result, while repetitive jobs
are performed. ff human do repetitive jobs, he can commit mistakes. So
computer is reliable than human by its consistent performance.
No Feeling
Its performances is same for all the users i.e,. it does not distinguish between
users, under any kind of environment. This is because it does't have its own
emotions, knowledge or experience that should present in humans.
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dates back to the age "Ab ,, or
History of computers ••• . hanical device was acus developed
. nting and calculating mec • .
computations. Probably f irst cou d for systematic calculation of anthrnetic
by Chinese in the f ·tth turv BC This was use .h d
• cen • . . frame mounted wit a ro along With
f
.1 h ical device consisting O a .
operations. Abacus ,sa mec an t can be divided into 4 periods based on
Th hOte history of compu er
movable beds or ball. e w . echanical, Mechanical, Electromechanical
technology used in computing devices such as Prem
In 1944 the first electro-mechanical computer Mark-I was built by Howard Aiken with the
help of IBM. So, originally known as IBM Automatic
Sequence Controlled Calculator·(ASCC). It was 51 feet
long, and weights 4500 Kgs. It could do three additions or
subtractions in a second. A multiplication took six seconds,
a division took 15.3 seconds and a logarithm or a
trigonometric function took over one minute.
Y Generations Of Computer
The history of the computer goes back several decades (a period of years) however, there
are five definable generations of computer. Each generation is defined by a significant
technological development that changes fundamentally how Computer Operate, Leading to
More Compact, Reliable, Less Expensive, but More Powerful, Efficient Robotic Machines.
Generations tan be classified into First, second, Third, Fourth and Fifth generations.
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f computers used "Electronic
F i rst Generation Of. Com
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S process·ing OS, where more than one program can reside in the main me
B · 1620 is the second generation first computer. Its size was smaller as compar- st
computers,
almost used for scientific research purpose, su h as Ii ear
rnni, . nl't\\· ·,,ng. : BM 1.401, its size was small to medium and used for business applica i ns.
T e computat1on time was reduced to micros conds from the millisec nds.
• - Punch ard were used for input. Core mem ry is used as a storage device.
.tt They gene.ratedless heat and were le s prone to failure, but still require air condition.
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re was used instead of transistors in the third generation c:omputers.
They are the cheapest among all the previous computer generation.
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The fifth generation computer used ULSI {Ultra
Large Scale Integration) technology, resulting in the
production of microprocessor chips having ten
million electronic
components. This generation is based on Al "(Artificial I
above technologies.
The goal of the fifth generation is to develop the device which could
I
respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self
organizing. Computer can respond to its surroundings using different types of
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C.P.U
net A.L.U
s. , ... [ OUTPUT .]
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+ MEMORY f
PRIMARY MEMORY (an internal memory)
Input Devices: These devices help the humans to communicate with the machine, i.e. the user
.enters the commands and data by using the input pevices. It fills the gap between man and
machine by acting as an input interface (bridges the gap).
C.P.U (Central Processing Unit): CPU is called "Brain of the Computer" introduced by John
Von Neumann. It is one of t e circuitry system consists of a Control unit, Arithmetic and Logic
unit, and Memory unit. Control Unit: It controls the processing don_e inside ALU and will make
sure that all other parts perform their tasks correctly and at the cofrect time. Arithmetic and
Logic
unit: They are used to solve the arithmetic operations like +, -, *./ and logical operations like
(True/False).
Memory Unit: Storage unit of the computer is called I e ory unit. The data stored in memory
chips are used by other components whenever they are required for processing. This memory unit
isknown as internal memory.
Output Devices: Output devices fills gap between machine and man by acting as an output
interface that provides the information as a result of a computation to the outside world.
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nd p d. computers
Analog
' G n1ral Purpo
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Computers
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"" Analog Computers
Modern
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Olgltal Computers being ma
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- Desktop Computers
compute
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it has th
1.7..1 Classification Based On Pur ose digital o
Ace rding to •he Purpose, computers are either General purpose or Specific applicat
purpose.
they he
Generalpurpo e computers are designed to perform a range of tasks. They have theability to example
stor numerou pr grams, but lack In speed and efficiency. and pric
pressur
Specificpurp·ose computers are designed to handle a specific problem or to performa
specific task.A set of instru tlons i built Into the machine to solve a given problem.
■
,.,,.,,., Introduction to Computer and Windows........,
13
-
Analog Computers
Digital Computers
Most computers today are digital. The computers, which present
physical quantities i.e. symbols or numbers as discrete data and
provide us discrete information as output are called "Digital
Computers". Such computers process data into a digital value (in O's
and l's). They give the results with more accuracy at a faster rate
(not faster than analog
computing). Digital Computers manipulate most of data more easily than Analog Computers.
They are designed to process input data in numerical form.
:Hybrid Computers
Hybr'id Computers are a combination of both Digital and Analog
Computers. tt combines the best features of both type of computers,
i.e. it has the speed of an analog computer and the memory and
accuracy of digital computer. Hybrid Computers are used mainly in
specialized applications where both kinds of data need to be processed.
Therefore, they help the user, to process both continuous and
discrete data. For
example a petrol pump contains a processor that converts fuel flow measurements into quantity
and Price values. In hospital Intensive Care Unit (ICU), a device used to measure patient's blood
Pressure and temperature, etc., which are then converted and displayed in the form of digits.
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NIntroduction to Computer and Windows - ... N lS
Unlike laptops and other portable devices, desktop computers cannot be powered by an
internal battery and therefore must r main conn ct d to a wall outlet.
portable Computers
book .. These computers are as powerful as desktop, but the size of these
_ puters is comparatively smaller than a laptop and desktop, which makes
;,even more portable. The weight of noteboo_k is around 2 to 3 kgs. They
are costly than laptops.
Co
Supercomputers
Supercomputer is a computer with
gre,ater speed, . and
rel
memory. This kind of computer can do • faster than any
or
JObs
other computer of its generation· · They are usually thou d f •
faster than ordinary personal computers It is mainly s; so. times
and exploration purposes like NASA. • use or research
. ' , uses Supercomput f
1aunching space shuttles, controlling them and f • .• ers or
purpose. Supercomputers pl . ora space exploration
ay an important role in the f Id
are used fora wide range of computational int . _,e of computational science and
mecha· enSive tasks 1n var'
mes, weather forecasting, climate resear h ·1 . tous f ields, including quanturn
c , 01 and gas explorafion, molecular modeling.
17
,.,,.,,., Introduction to Computer and Windows ~~~
--
.............. 1 , s Applications Of Computer
Now-a-days we cannot imagine our life without computers and the fact is that they have
becoming so important that nothing can replace them. They seem to be everywhere today. The
human directly depends on the computer. So it has vast applications.
Data Processing
Electronic Data Processing (EDP) is the modern technique to process data. The data is
processed through computer. Data and set of instructions are given to the computer as input and
computer automatically processes the data according to the given set of instructions. So computer
is also known as electronic data processing machine. This method of processing data is very fast
and accurate. For example, in a computerized educational environment results of students are
prepared through computer, in banks accounts of customers are maintained (o.r processed)
through computers etc.
Commercial
Payroll calculations.
Budgeting.
Sales analysis.
Managing employee database.
Maintenance of stocks, etc.
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h f digitally
Ii r mpll hing basic the
ard
In n ffl dra
w nd
h t
th r p Ifie
uld b th computer or
ta E hange would be a fax,
f mmunication hardware. Data
using specific software tools to organize and maintain data.
ngineering De$ign
di Care
Computers have become an important part in hospitals, 'labs,
•is-pensaries. The computers are being used in hospitals to keep
e record of patients and medicines. It is also used in scanning and
....iag osi ,g different diseases. ECG, EEG, Ultrasounds and CT Scans,
a e atso done by computerized machines. Some major fields of
care in which computers are used,
•:. Diagnostic System:·computers are used to collect data and identify the cause of iHness.
·iffererrt medical tests depend upon the computerized device such as laboratory test of
biood and common use of computer is to scan the body of patient. A special scanner is
used for this purpose eg: CAT (Computeterised Axial Tomograph) is a scanner, it
passes ra s ov,er the patient. It displays an image of bone and tissue structure of the
patient on a computer screen. This image is printed on the printer. It is also stored in
com.puter for later use.
Patient Monitoring System: These are used to check patient's signs for abnormality such
as in Cardiac Arrest, ECG etc.
Surgery: Nowadays, computers is also used in performing surgery. ''Robotically-
Assisted Surgical ,(RAS)" devices are one type of computer-assisted surgical system. It
is referred to as robotic surgery, this enable the surgeon to u.se computer and software
technology.
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Educ.atio'1
Th computer has provided a lot of facilities in the education system.
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Graphics }
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bi
from the studio arts to new mathematical disciplines such
01
as computational geometry. The areas in which graphics
cc
have arguable impact and certainly the most visible can be
categorized as entertainment and advertising, scientific
visualization and Industrial design.
Entertainment and advertising - People can t·ind· t •.
en ertamment on • t h . tch
movies, listen to songs and watch videos dow I d d' mernet. T ey can wa
matches on the internet. Computers are d. n oa _,fferent stuff. They can also watch live
use in entertamme tt
performance. The tools have becomes 0
. . .
h' . n
sop 1st1cated th t ·It• b °
create or enhance a
· · tu
drstmgu1sh between the real part and th _ T . a s ecommg almost impos 1ble •
e art, ,c,al part in the film and thephotography.
,.,,.,,., Introduction to Computer and Windows .........
21
Multimedia
Military
Computers are largely used in defense. It played an
increasingly important role in the field of military. With each war,
new system and equipments were introduced. Over time,
computer in the military has been adapted or designed to do a
broad range of tasks, that . includes analyzing intelligence,
organizing prudent data for military leaders, geospatial analyzing,
controlling Smart Weapons and also used for communication. Major uses are,
Missile Control.
Military Communication.
Smart Weapons.
22
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Controls hardware attached to the computer such as webcams, scanners and printers etc., e
Helps to open and close programs (word processors, games, photo editors, etc.) and gives b
them part of the computer's memory to allow them to work. W
Controls what access to a computer different users have and the computers security.
W Deals with errors and user instructions and issues simple error messages. h
Promotes multitasking by allowing the user to do several things on the computer at th
once.For example, watch a video while writing a letter.
W
20
1.9.1 Histo r y _; ;,... Of Windows ea
L=J gained littl popul rity. Next Windows 2.0 released In 1987 introduced
two current st pies Excel and Word to the users.
d.i ntinued until 2001. Next Windows 3.1 was released which mainly
imed in improving font functionality.
ows 98: Released on June 25, 1998, Windows 98 is the first version
at of mdowsdesigned specifically for consumers. PCs are common at work
and
1 ome and Internet cafes. Windows 98 is described as an operating system
at UWorks Better, Plays Better."
ows XP: The system designed for ease and stability is Windows XP
was released in 2001, offering plenty of functionality for laptop and desktop
users. The operating system was designed to offer users help through a
comprehensive help centre. WindowsVist
Wtndow-$ V,ist:a ; Windows Vista was released in 2006. It had high system
requirements and suffered issues with performance and security. The
operating systemalso tended to drain laptop batteries. The version lasted
only for three years.
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24
•
Window.s 7 : For this curr f Wlr de W', Ml f- f(,' rr
mistakes with Vtst and r at d n op nt nf • yr,1, tn wl ·, •
and minimal syst rn r quir m nt . ft dlt t ,-d th b£Jr, 1
Vista, replacin it with I .an r f I. hi· v m
d In b •r
C
of ith it rd sign d M tro- tyl u er Int • 'n F
tte
ii
t r ,t 1 r.i • n are once again r d fining wh t Wind i·, ft af
wr,
This new web browser is designed to give Windows users a better experience on the
Web. It's faster, more secure and includes a lot of new features. Microsoft Edge is meant to
replace Internet Explorer as your default web browser, but youill still be able to use another
browser if you prefer.
26
coriina . - - •
Continuum is one of Microsoft's signature features •1,n . ,' ,n. .d. ·o 1'0· wh.ere ,th· e
Task View is a task switcher and virtual desktop system introduced in Windows 10
and is among the first features new to Windows 10. Task View allows a user to quickly
locate an open window, quickly hid all window and show the desktop and to manage
windows across multiple monitor or virtu I d ktops. Clicking the Task View button on the
taskbar or swiping from th I ft id f th reen di plays all open windows and allows users to
switch between th m,
The desktop is once again your only home base, your single starting point. It's the
view a greets you when·the computer turns on, and it offers all the tools you need to
1
manage
organize your files.
When you turn on a Windows 10 machln .The first thing you ee is a colorful curtain
that is be,en drawn over the computer's wo Id. It is the Lock screen.
18
The Lock screen serves the same purpose it does ona phone. It gives
the time, the date, your WiFi signal strength, the weather and (on laptops and
battery charge. As you download and install new apps, they can add informationaltidbi
this Lock screen, too. The Lock screen can also give you instant access to your Camera ai
Skype apps. You might want to take a picture or answera call without having to gothro g
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As in any modern operating system yo h
world of files, settings and preferences S, thu ave your own account inWindows. It'syol
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the L ·ogin screen. At lower
· • the
left, you see e na
second thing you encounter inWindows1omc
account on this machine. me and photo for each person who has i10
·rhn
onger has to meant . . gin-to prove that .' • e
1touchscreens and typi p1 g a p ssword. One of Windows 10' you reyou. But logging iM;cr
g isa pain on tablets. s primary goals is
toembr•'•·Ys
.
w·nd Once you've gotten past the security. b • rnt
i ows, the desktop. The •
Wind ows 10 w ind up at the
ar n e r, yo u :o
screen o f fe rs th homebase;
f inal !
f y
e ollowing mai•n features,
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- /ntroduction to Computer and Windows ..
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t.9.S Overview Of Desktop Screen In Windows -10
� to [ ktop }
ind
Jgh
art Butt_on :
In Windows 10, as you've probabty noticed, the word "Start" doesn't actually appear
on the Start menu, as it did for years, now the Start menu is just a square button in the
lower left corner of your screen, bearing the Windows logo( II ). But it's still called
the Start
menu and it's still the gateway to everything on the PC.
our The Start menu is spHt Into two columns. For convenience, let's call them the left side
Dis and the right side. On the left is a navigation section that gives you access to your user account,
an your most frequently used apps, system features such as Power (includes the sleep, shut down
and restart), settings, pictures, documents and user account and the rest of your apps (via
the All Apps command). On the right is a scaled-down version of the Windows 8/8.1 Start
no
screen that offers quick viewing and access to the tiles of a few apps.
ce
m·!cons: System Icons are displayed alo n_gl e ft edge of screen. These icons are created
automatically by windows during its installation. Example of some system icons are My
Computer, Recycle Bin, My Documents, Sleep, Shut down etc.
30
lar field on-screen tha t accepts typed-in text in order to. I O ;
Search Box: A rectangu . lleda "Search Bar" or "Search Fieldt1 'h
h 5earch A search box 1s a1so ca •1r
1
something or aunc • . find things on your computer. The ex a
a O
t
• Of the most convenient ways :
search·box 1s one • . h . h box will search your programs in all the fold
location of the items doesn't matter-t e searc. . skto and other corn
and subfolders (which includes Documents, Pictures, Music, De p . . lllo t
locations). It will alo search your email messages, saved instant messages, appointmentsan
contacts.
. r f
Task View : Task View is a feature of Windows 10 that allows you to orgarn ze your app,ca 10
n
f a
Pinned Apps: The icons in the middle of the Taskbar are "pinned" applications, which isa
wa
t .ave a quick access to applications you use freq_uently. "Pinned" applications will stay i 1
Task Bar: The Windows 10 taskbar sits at the bottom of the screen giving the user access t
d the Start Menu, as well as the icons of frequently used applications. On the right-side, thi e
Taskbar features the Notification Area which informs the user of different things like the
stat1C of the Internet connection or the charge of the laptop battery and it will allows you to
chec u the date and time, items running in the background.
Notification Area : The Notification Area is located at the right side of the Taskbar. It show
different types of notifications from your computer like your Internet connection,. or thi
volume level. At first, the Notification Area shows a limited amount of icons. But you can
did the upward arrow on its left-side to see other icons as well.
Uve TUes : Many of the Start menu tiles are "Live" in the sense that they display often-updat
information instead of the app icon. For example, the Weather tile shows the current
weathe for your default location, the Mail tile displays recent email messages, and the
Calendarti
shows your upcoming events. Note that these tiles don't display any live content untilyrJ.
have used them at least once.
Tiles: The rectangles you see on the right side of theSt· t . ,..,
. . . ar menu each represent an item LP
your c- most tiles represen apps, but you can also add tiles for folders and websitesa
you chcka tile to launch that item. Tiles are generally ·1 bl .
Medium, Wide and Large. ava,a e tn four different sizes: sma
t
Destn"P• The desktop is the main screen area that you see after you turn on your com
r and tog on to Windows. like the top of an actual desk, it serves as a surface for
your w r• When you open programs or folders, they appear on the desktop. You can also
put things on the desktop, such as files and folders and arrange them however you want.
U&et Acc:Oum: A user account allows you to sign in to Windows 10. By default, your
computer already has one user account, which you were required to create when setting up
Windows for the first time. But if you plan to share your computer, you can create a separate
user account for each member of your home or office.
Keeping the correct time on your computer is essential, especially if you are using it
as a business machine The computer keeps its own date and time internally and uses it
on files docments and reminders. 1'f you set the dock incorrectly bad dates becomes a
flood of erroneous information, leading to. 1 os:t tfes, missed appomtments and poor record
keeping. Computers connected to the·nte,net shou d automatscaHy adjust for daylight savings
time. By using the following methods, we c n se h, : · and time correctly.
..,.., 0/fl Automt'lt1,i_
32
1. Right-click on the time in _. ht f the screen and select Adju t
the bottom-rig 0
2. A window will open. On the left side of the window select the Oat • andtim t
• 11 1 · k Change Note· Both Set time automatically
under "Change date and ti me c 1 c • •
fiJ
and zone automatically must be Off to make this change.
Th-
3. Enter the time and press Change.
no g
4. The system time has been updated.
can
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Icon is a small graphical representation of a program or file. When we double-click ar
icon, the associated file or program will be opened. For example, if we were to double-did
[
on the My Computei. icon, it ould open Windows Explorer. Icons are a component of GUl
operating systems, including Apple macOS X and Microsoft Windows. Icons help users quick!
identify the type of file represented by the icon.
Types Of Icons
D
,.,,.,,., Introduction to Computer and Windows ,._,._,._ 33
Paint isa feature in Windows that you can use to draw, color and edit pictures. You
can use Paint likea digital sketchpad to make simple pictures, creative projects or to add text
and designs to other pictures, such as those taken with your digital camera
The principal features of MS Paint are simple drawing tools that you can use to easily
paint on a blank canvas or existing image. Beyond that, Paint includes cropping,
resizing, rotating, skewing and·selection tools to further manipulate images. With the
Windows 10 Creators Update, try creating in three dimensions with Paint 30. In addition
to the new 3D capabilities, many of the classic 20 features from Microsoft Paint are
available to use.
-- Office Auto,n0
34 tlo
There are various tools to help people edit photos, including, ,_,.,., lntro
.
files an
The paint bucket. It supp
Pencils. How to
. Spray cart
Eras r.
Line and curved line tools.
Multiple shape tools. 1.9.tO
& Text tool.
Cutout tool. include
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1. Title Bar
2. Control Buttons
NEP 3. Menu Tab
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4. Typing .Area
eu.
5. ScroRBar it
6. .
Status Bar Ci)
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How to
files and log files. Notepad can read and write plaln texts encoded in ASCII, UTF-8 and UTF-16.
It supports both left-to right and right-to..left based languages.
How to open Notepad,
Calculator
indows Calculator is a software calculator developed by Microsoft and
in lu ed in Windows. It has four modes Standard, Scientific, Programmer and
a
e Standard mode includes a number pad and buttons·: for performing arithmetic
operations. It is used for basic maths.
) e Scientific mode takes this a step further and adds exponents and trigonometric
• 1, ction.lt is used for advanced calculation(Complex maths).
·,.• e -Programmer mode allows the user to perform operations related to computer
rogramming. It is used for binary code, data calculation for working with dates and
option
, nder converting units of measurements.
Graphing mode was added to the Calculator, allowing users to graph equations on a
coordinate plane.
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1.
a d networking toots.
net,
llft, t"'!ll"aftt"li"ftr panel, type control panel in the search box on e ikt>ar
select r ... t panet from the list of results.
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,v,V#V Introduction to Computer and Windows ..,,.,,., ,31
The
i nb ltion d nywher on th . phy icaf screen. (Note that,
mo can . this n out id of your application window in a graphical
in
environment.)
nde; r. phical environments, the mouse pointer can have a variety of shapes. The
efault shape is typically an arrow. On character-based systems, the mouse pointer is
. quare in reverse-video.
The mouse itse,lf has two buttons on it. These buttons are referred to as the Left and
·ght Buttons. A mouse with two buttons has only left and right buttons, a one-button
, ouse has only a left button. Left-handed users typically exchange the meani gs of
, e l.eft and right buttons, but this is handled outside of the application - your prog am
refers to the primary mouse button as the left button regardless of the actuaf b on
sed.
W en you press the left one, it is called a Left click. When you press the one o e
·ght, it is called a Right click. By default, the left button is the main mouse button a ·
.isused for common tasks such as selecting obje.ctsand double-click·ng.The rig, . m
se button is often used to open contextual menus, which are pop-up menus tha c - a
ge
· epending where you click.
Some mouses, In addition to the buttons, have a wheel. The mouse wheeJ can be
used to croU a window, just like a scroll bar. tn the Windows environmen , in ouse
Properties applet of the Control Panel, the user can configure mouse heei act"on so
. ha. each click (or notch) of the mouse wheel is equivalent ta a certain number of
m u e button clicks on the scroll bar.
The mouse pointer is independent from the program's text cursor.. Typically, an
application lets the user position the text cursor on the screen by positioning the
mouse pointer at the desired location and clicking the left button.
Windows 10 gives you a range of customisation options for your mouse, so you have
flexibility 'in how your cursor behaves.
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1.9.13 Multitasking
'Multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes)
over a certain period of time. New tasks can interrupt already started ones before they
finish, instead of waiting for them to end.
tt can be overwhelming when you!re working with a lot of apps and files, but Windows 10
can help. Let us discuss that some multitasking on Windows 10.
Select the Task View button or press Alt-Tab on your keyboard to see or switch
between apps.
To use two or more apps at a time, grab the top of an app window and drag it to the
side. Then choose another app and it'll automatically snap into place.
Create different desktops for home and work by selecting Task View New desktop
, and then opening the apps you want to use.
40
1 .i.9.14· My Computer/ This PC
In Windows 10 the My Computer icon is called "ThisPC".TheThis PC windowi
starting point to access every disk, folder and file on your PCcomputer.Youcanace·· h,
"This PC" window from File Explorer. The This PC window displayslocal folders(N. wl)
nd several types of local, removable and network drives. Drives and
foldersarerepresened by icons. To get to "This PC" in Windows 10, open File Explorer
from thetaskbar andselect Thi
Each drive is assigned a drive letter, denoted with parentheses and a colon,such as
Local Disk (C:), to make it easier to identify. Your PC computer assigns them letters in
a phabetical order. Once you open more than one drive or folder, you can usebuttons
onthe
Ribbon to help you move·between folders.
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et:hod #_1:-- ea, a !1 !' folder with_a keyboard sho cut.
The faStest way to create a new folder in Windows is with the CTRL+Shift+N shortcut.
Navigate to the location where·you want to create the folder. You can create a new
folder at any location on your hard drive or within another folder (creating a
subfolder) in File Explorer. You can also create a new folder on your desktop with
this method.
Ctrl+Shift+ N keys a the same time. Windows will immediately create the new
folder with the not-very-imaginative suggested folder name of "New folder".
Enter your desired folder name·. It takes just seconds to create a new folder this
way, but be sure to immediately b gin typing your fold r name when the folder first
appears, because if you click on the folder or click away from File Explorer, the
folder name will be "New folder" and you'll have to rename it.
You can create folders on the Desktop using this method too. Right-click on a blank space on
the Desktop, then go to New Folder.
ft cycl Bin
.Pin
It' eay to define the Window Recycle Bin as a special fofder witha fancy icon that
tor deleted files and folders. When you defete item from your computer or device, they
ar not perman ntly removed, they are first moved to this foJder. Windows does this as a
precaution in case you deleted something by mi,stake or if you discover you still need a
certain discarded file or folder. The Recycle Bin Icon appears on the Desktop and looks like a
waste paper basket.
Physically, deleted files occupy the same space on your hard drive(s). However, once
an item is deleted, you can't see it in the same location on your system anymore and
Windows now displays it inside the Recycle Bin folder. To put it simply, the Recycle Bin is the
place where the references towards your deleted flies and folders are kept, until the items are
permanently removed from your system.
By default, you should find the Windows 10 Recyde Bin on the top-left corner of your
Desktop. All the fifes you delete appear in this folder. The Recycle Bin icon changes to reflect
whether there are files stored in it or if it's currently empty.
U
Ta kba-r : The Windows 10 taskbar sits at the bottom of the screen giving the user access to
the Start Menu, as well s the icons of frequently used applications. On the right-side, the
Taskbar features the Notification Area which informs the user of different things like the state Y
of the Internet connection or the charge of the laptop battery.
Th Jeon in the middle of the Task.bar are "pinned" applications, which isa way to
havea quick access to applications you use frequently "Pinned" apr t· .
Taskbar until you "unpin" them. • • P tea ions w111stay in the
,.,Introduction to Comput r and Window ..
- - - -
t t-tft IYttOn
To "unpin'' it, just right-dick the icon in the Taskbar and set ct" ·np·n from as' ar'.
You can "pin" it back again any time you want.
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• ccessories.is Character Map, Jnternet
Panel, Notepad, Pint, Print 30, Quick
p connetion, Snipping Tool, Steps
,ad Scan, windows Media Player, Word
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_,,., Introduction to Computer and Windows --- 45
Program Description
i---
Character Map is a utility included with Microsoft Windows operating
character Map systems and is used to view the characters in any installed font, to
check what keyboard input (Alt code) is used to enter those
- characters,
and to copy characters to the clipboard in lieu of typing them.
Internet Explorer Internet Explorer is a free web browser, commonly called IE that allows
users to view web pages on the internet.
Math Input Panel is a tiny application that is found in the Windows
operating system and it lets you use input devices such as external
digitizers, touchscreens and even your simply mouse to write
Math Input Panel
mathematical problems in the form of formulas. The formulas are then
made recognizable so they can be inserted into different document
types using Microsoft Word, Excel and others.
Notepad is a simple text editor for Windows; it creates and edits plain
Notepad text documents.
Microsoft Paint is a simple raster graphics editor that has been
included with all versions of Microsoft Windows. The program opens
Paint
and saves files in Windows bitmap (BMP), JPEG, GIF, PNG, and
single- page TIFF formats.
Paint 3D is a built-in creative application that comes free with
Print 3D Windows 10. Paint 3D makes it easy to customize models from the
built-in 3D library or create 3D designs from scratch.
Quick Assist is a new app in Windows 10 that enables you to receive
Quick Assist or provide assistance over a remote connection.
Remote Desktop Connection app allows you to connect to other
Remote Desktop computers or devices that are connected to your local network or that
Connection are on the Internet and have a public IP address.
Snipping Tool It allows you to take all or part of a screenshot and save that image.
Steps Recorder is a program that helps you troubleshoot a problem on
your device by recording the exact steps you took when the problem
Step Recorder
-
occurred.
Windows Fax and Scan users with computers that have fax modems
can send and receive faxes and fax scanned documents. Without a
Windows Fax and Scan fax modem, users can email scanned documents and forward faxes
r---- as
email attachments from their computer.
creates, Edits and Displays Text, Rich Text Format and Word
Word Pad
Documents.
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46
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. hortcutMenu for the selected Item
Op n the Start Menu
select Task Manager
Open the Drop-Down Ust box
Switch to another running program
Switch to Next child window
Close the Current Document
Close the Current Window
Display Main Window's System Menu
·start Menu