JAVA

METHODS

➢ Method is a block of code which only runs when it is called.

➢ You can pass data, known as parameters, into a method.

METHOD OVERLOADING

➢ When two or more methods in the same class have the same name but different
parameters, it’s called overloading.

METHOD OVERRIDING

➢ Method overriding occurs when a subclass (child class) has the same method as
the parent class.

OOP

➢ Object-oriented programming is about creating objects that contain both data and
methods.

CLASS

➢ Template to create objects that share common properties and methods.

ATTRIBUTE

➢ An attribute defines a particular property of an object.

CONSTRUCTORS

➢ Special method that is used to initialize objects.

➢ The constructor is called when an object of a class is created.

➢ It can be used to set initial values for object attributes.

MODIFIERS

➢ Set the access level for classes, attributes, methods and constructors.

➢ Access Modifiers - controls the access level.

➢ Non-Access Modifiers - do not control access level, but provides other

ENCAPSULATION

➢ "Sensitive" data is hidden from users.(GET and SET).

INHERITANCE

➢ Creating new classes based on existing ones. A class that inherits from another
class can reuse the methods.

POLYMORPHISM

➢ "Many forms", and it occurs when we have many classes that are related to each
other by inheritance.

ABSTRACTION

➢ Hiding certain details and showing only essential information to the user.

INTERFACE

➢ Specifies the behaviour of a class by providing an abstract type.

COLLECTION

➢ To represent group of individuals objects as a single entity.

COLLECTIONS

➢ It is a utility class to define several utility methods.

COLLECTION INTERFACE

➢ It defines the most common methods which is applicable for any collection object.

➢ used to pass around collections of objects where maximum generality is desired.

COLLECTION FRAMEWORKS

➢ It defines several classes and interfaces which can be used a group of individuals
objects as a single entity

List

➢ Duplicates are allowed

➢ Insertion order preserved

ARRAY LIST

➢ The ArrayList class is a resizable array, which can be found in the java.util
package.

➢ add or remove elements ,best choice for retrieval.

LINKED LIST

➢ The LinkedList class is a collection which can contain many objects of the same
type, just like the ArrayList.

➢ best choice for insertion and deletion.

➢ set an ArrayList for storing and accessing data, and LinkedList to

ITERATOR

➢ To retrieve objects one by one.

➢ Read and remove, forward direction.

ENUMERATION

➢ We can get only read access and can’t perform remove operation.

List iterator

➢ Forward and backward, read and remove.

SET

➢ Duplicates are not allowed

➢ Insertion order not preserved

SORTED SET

➢ Duplicates are not allowed

➢ Insertion order preserved

HASH SET

➢ A HashSet is a collection of items where every item is unique.

OUEUE

➢ To represent group of individuals objects prior to processing.

MAP

➢ To represent group of individuals objects as key value pairs

SORTED MAP

➢ To represent group of individuals objects as key value pairs according to sorting

Vector and Stack

➢ Vector-Resizable and growable, Synchronized.

➢ Stack-Child class of vector/LIFO.

Random Access

➢ It doesn’t contain any methods and it is a marker interface

HASH MAP

➢ Store items in "key/value" pairs.