Lec 9
Lec 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Thus, and
Finally the BET isotherm is obtained
The total no. of surface sites, , is proportional to the monomer
volume, , and the total no. of molecules/atoms adsorbed, , is
proportional to the adsorbed volume,
Thus,
( )
( )
Thus, ( )
( )
Monolayer volume, , gives information about the
amount of surface of the catalysts
Main use of the BET model is to calculate the surface area, , of
porous catalysts/materials from Catalyst
Monolayer
is determined from , and to determine is necessary to
linearize the BET isotherm (
𝑥 0.06
𝑣 1−𝑥 Slope =
0.04
𝑥
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
( )
( )
( )
( )
where the 1st term is the value of obtained by the single point
method and the 2nd term gives the error involved
Drawbacks of the BET isotherm
Even though the BET isotherm is widely used it does not always give
reliable data
o The reliability is governed by the “knee-bend”, which ideally should be
well defined
o The knee bend or Point B method is governed by the heat of
adsorption and, hence, c. Higher value of , higher is the value
of c, and more reliable is the data
Other drawback
o homogeneous surface
o lateral interaction
o heat adsorption of 2nd layer onwards (= heat of liquefaction) is not
usually true → developments taken along this line of taking the 3rd and
subsequent layers to be liquid like
It is essential to characterize the catalyst
Determine those physical and chemical properties of the catalyst
that may be related to its sustained catalytic action
Characterization provides some information and understanding
about the catalysts and how they function
o Quality control
o Foundation to improve process
o Superior product