Problem Set on Functions (Answer Key)

1. (a) attempt to form composite (M1)

e.g. g (7 − 2 x ), 7 − 2 x + 3
(g ° f)(x) = 10 – 2x A1 N2 2

(b) g–1(x) = x – 3 A1 N1 1
(c) METHOD 1
valid approach (M1)
e.g. g–1(5), 2, f (5)
f (2) = 3 A1 N2 2
METHOD 2
attempt to form composite of f and g–1 (M1)
e.g. (f ° g–1)(x) = 7 – 2(x – 3), 13 – 2x

(f ° g–1)(5) = 3 A1 N2 2
[5]

2. (a) (1, – 2) A1A1 N2 2

(b) g (x) = 3(x – 1)2 – 2 (accept p =1, q = –2) A1A1 N2 2
(c) (1, 2) A1A1 N2 2
[6]

3. (a) attempt to form composite (M1)

e.g. f(2x – 5)
h(x) = 6x – 15 A1 N2 2
(b) interchanging x and y (M1)
evidence of correct manipulation (A1)
x 5
e.g. y + 15 − 6 x, = y−
6 2
x + 15
h −1 (x ) = A1 N3 3
6
[5]
4. (a) in any order
translated 1 unit to the right A1 N1
stretched vertically by factor 2 A1 N1
(b) METHOD 1
Finding coordinates of image on g (A1)(A1)
e.g. –1 + 1 = 0, 1 × 2 = 2, (–1, 1) → (–1 + 1, 2 × 1), (0, 2)
P is (3, 0) A1A1 N4
METHOD 2
h(x) = 2(x – 4)2 – 2 (A1)(A1)
P is (3, 0) A1A1 N4
[6]

5. (a)

A2 N2
(b)
Description of transformation Diagram letter
Horizontal stretch with scale factor 1.5 C
Maps f to f(x) + 1 D

A1A1 N2
(c) translation (accept move/shift/slide etc.) with vector A1A1 N2
[6]
6. (a) (i) 0 A1 N1
1
(ii) − A1 N1
2
(b)
y
5

3
2
1

x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5

A2 N2
(c)
y
5

3
2
1

x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5

A2 N2
[6]

7. (a) y = 2x + 1
x = 2 y +1 (M1)
x −1
=y
2
x −1
f −1 ( x) = (A1) (C2)
2

(b) g ( f (−2) ) = g (−3) (A1)

= 3(−3) − 4 2

= 23 (A1) (C2)

(c) f ( g ( x) ) = f (3x 2 − 4)
= 2(3x 2 − 4) + 1 (A1)
= 6x − 7
2
(A1) (C2)
[6]
8.

9.

10.

11.
(a) (x-3)(3x+1)
(b) x = 3 , x = -1/3
12.
One solution  discriminant = 0 (M2)
2
3 – 4k = 0 (A2)
9 = 4k
k=9/4 (A2) (C6
Note: If candidates correctly solve an incorrect equation, award M2 A0
A2(ft), if they have the first line or equivalent, otherwise award no marks.
13.
(a) METHOD 1
Using the discriminant = 0 (q2 − 4(4)(25) = 0) M1
q2 = 400
q = 20, q = −20 A1A1 N2
METHOD 2
Using factorizing:
(2x − 5)(2x − 5) and/or (2x + 5) (2x + 5) M1
q = 20, q = −20 A1A1 N2
(b) x = 2.5 A1 N1

(c) (0, 25) A1A1 N2

14.
(a) (1, – 2) A1A1 N2 2

(b) g (x) = 3(x – 1)2 – 2 (accept p =1, q = –2) A1A1 N2 2

(c) (1, 2) A1A1 N2 2

15.
(a) evidence of obtaining the vertex (M1)
b
e.g. a graph, x = − , completing the square
2a
f(x) = 2(x + 1)2 – 8 A2 N3
(b) x = –1 (equation must be seen) A1 N1
(c) f(x) = 2(x – 1)(x + 3) A1A1 N2

16.
(a) Vertex is (4, 8) A1A1 N2

(b) Substituting −10 = a(7 − 4)2 + 8 M1

a = −2 A1 N1

(c) For y-intercept, x = 0 (A1)

y = −24 A1 N2

17.
(a) Since the vertex is at (3, 1)
h=3 (A1)
k=1 (A1) 2
(b) (5, 9) is on the graph  9 = a(5 – 3)2 + 1 (M1)
= 4a + 1 (A1)
=>9–1=4a=8 (A1)
=>a=2 (AG) 3
Note: Award (M1)(A1)(A0) for using a reverse proof, ie substituting for a,
h, k and showing that (5, 9) is on the graph.
(c) y = 2(x – 3)2 + 1 (M1)
= 2x2 – 12x + 19 (AG) 1
18.
(a) p = -1/2 , q = 2 (A1)(A1) (C2)
or vice versa
(b) By symmetry C is midway between p, q (M1)
Note: This (M1) may be gained by implication.
 x-coordinate is 3/4 (A1) (C2)
[4]

19.
(a) Evidence of completing the square (M1)
f(x) = 2(x2 – 6x + 9) + 5 – 18 (A1)
= 2(x – 3)2 – 13 (accept h = 3, k = 13) A1 N3

(b) Vertex is (3, –13) A1A1 N2

(c) x = 3 (must be an equation) A1 N1

(d) evidence of using fact that x = 0 at y-intercept (M1)

y-intercept is (0, 5) (accept 5) A1 N2

(e)
20.

21.
22
a.

b.

c.
d.
23.

24.