Timed practice on Kinematics (15 min)

1. A man standing on the edge of a cliff at some height above the ground, throws one ball straight up with
initial speed u and then throws another ball straight down with the same initial speed. Neglecting air
resistance, which ball, if either, has the larger speed when it hits the ground? Explain your answer.

2. A balloon is ascending at a velocity of 12 ms-1 at a height of 80 m above the ground when a package is
dropped. How long does it take the package to reach the ground?

3. The diagram shows the path of a projectile fired with a horizontal velocity v from the top of a cliff of
height h.

Which of the following values for v and h will give the greatest value of the angle θ ?

v/ms-1 h/m
A 10 30
B 10 50
C 30 30
D 30 50
E 50 10

Remedial Discussion questions

Work, Energy and Power

1. (a) Can a body have energy without having momentum?

(b) Can a body have momentum without having energy?

2. A running man has half the kinetic energy that of a boy half his mass. The man speeds up by 1.0 ms-1
and then has the same kinetic energy as the boy. What are the original speeds of the man and boy?

3. A man rowing a boat upstream is at rest with respect to the shore. Is he doing any work? If he stops
rowing and moves down with the stream, is any work being done on him?

4. An electric motor that is 40% efficient is used to lift loads from the ground floor to the first floor that is
5.0 m high. Calculate the electrical energy needed by the motor to lift a load of 65 kg.

5. A projectile leaves the ground at an angle 60˚ to the horizontal. Its kinetic energy is E. Neglecting air
resistance, find in terms of E, its kinetic energy at the highest point of the motion.
 6. A manufacturer claims that the maximum power delivered by the engine of a car of mass 1200 kg is 90
kW. Find the minimum time in which the car could accelerate from rest to 30 ms-1. Sketch the velocity-
time graph of the car.

An independent test shows that the car accelerates from rest to 30 ms-1 in 13.4 s. Suggest a reason for the
difference from the time you have calculated .

7. A crate weighing 2200 N is suspended from a rope 12 m long. The crate is then pushed aside 1.2 m from
the vertical and held there.

12 m

1.2 m

(a) What force directed along the arc is needed to keep the crate in this position?
(b) Is work being done in holding it there?
(c) Was work done in moving it aside? If so, how much?
(d) Does the tension in the rope perform any work on the crate?

8. A 1.0 kg mass moving with a velocity of 10 ms-1 strikes a spring, compressing it a distance of 0.2 m. The
mass rebounds with a speed of 8.0 ms-1.
(a) What is the loss in kinetic energy of the mass? What happens to this lost energy?
(b) Which of the force-compression curves do you think is most likely correct for this spring?

9. A 44 N block is thrust up a 30˚ inclined plane with an initial speed of 5.0 ms-1. It is found to travel 1.5 m
along the plane, stop, and slide back to the bottom. Compute the force of friction f (assume f to have
constant magnitude) acting on the block and find the speed v of the block when it returns to the bottom
of the inclined plane. [ 15.4 N, 2.1 ms-1 ]

Practice questions

Measurements

1. Given the following:

Current I = 2.50 ± 0.05 A

Resistance of coil R = 11.36 ± 0.01 W
Mass of empty calorimeter = 157 ± 0.5 g
Mass of calorimeter and water = 336 ± 0.5 g
Initial temperature = 10.6 ± 0.2 ˚C
Final temperature = 38.8 ± 0.2 ˚C
Time taken t = 298.0 ± 0.5 s
The specific heat capacity c is given by

I 2 Rt
c=
mθ
where m is the mass of water and θ is the rise in temperature.
Calculate the value of c and its uncertainty.

Kinematics, Forces and dynamics

1. A lunar landing module (spacecraft) is descending to the Moon's surface at a steady velocity of 10 ms-1.
At a height of 120 m, a small object falls from its landing gear. Taking the Moon's gravitational
acceleration as 1.6 ms-2, at what speed does the object strike the Moon?

2. A player hits a tennis ball 0.50 m from the ground at an angle of 40˚ to the horizontal. The 32 g tennis
ball has a horizontal momentum of 2.4 Ns at a given instant just before it is struck by the player's tennis
racquet. Fig A below shows the enlarged picture of the moment of impact between the ball and racquet.
Fig B shows the resulting motion of the ball after it is hit by the racquet.

40˚
racquet

Fig A

0.50 m 40˚

Fig B

(a) When the racquet hits the ball, it strikes it with a constant force of 60 N in a direction opposite to its
momentum, bringing it to rest momentarily. Calculate
(i) the time the tennis ball takes to stop;
(ii) the distance the tennis ball travels while stopping

(b) The force of 60 N then continues to act on the tennis ball for a further 0.06 s. Calculate
(i) the new momentum of the ball
(ii) the new velocity of the ball

(c) The opponent at the opposite side of the court is standing 20 m away from the player. If he misses
the ball and it lands 2.0 m behind him, at what speed will the ball hit the ground?
3. Two riders, A and B of masses 1.0 kg and 2.0 kg respectively are at rest in contact with each other on a
horizontal, frictionless linear air track (see Fig below). A compressed spring is fixed between A and B.
The spring is released and A and B start to move in opposite directions. The 'explosion' gives a total
energy of 0.48 J to the riders.

Spring inserted
here

stop 0.50 m
A B C

Linear air track

(a) calculate the velocities of A and B

(b) When the rider A has travelled a distance of 0.50 m, it has a rapid elastic collision with the left
hand end stop of the air track. Explain the meaning of the term elastic and hence state the
velocity of A following the collision.
(c) When B has travelled a distance of 0.50 m along the track, it collides with and sticks to a
stationary rider C of mass 1.0 kg
(i) Calculate the speed of the joint (combined) rider BC after this collision
(ii) Calculate the kinetic energy loss as a result of this collision
(d) Calculate the time interval between the explosion and rider A catching rider BC.

4. In the system shown, the beam and rope have negligible mass and the pulley is frictionless. If the system
is in equilibrium when w1 is 500 N, what is the value of w2?
[639 N]

30˚ 40˚

0.3 L
0.7 L

w1
20˚

w2