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CONTENTS

Foreword to the First Edition xiii


Preface to the Second Edition ANS 2008 eprint xv
Preface to the Original Second Edition xvii
Preface to the First Edition xxi

| Overview

1 Introduction 3
Nuclear Fuel Cycles
Nuclear Power Reactors 10
Exercises 20
Selected Bibliography 22

11 Basic Theory

2 Nuclear Physics 27
The Nucleus 28
Radioactive Decay 31
Nuclear Reactions 36
Nuclear Fission 41
Reaction Rates 46
Exercise 63
Selected Bibliography 64

3 Nuclear Radiation Environment 67


Interaction Mechanisms 69
Radiation Effects 72
Dose Estimates 79

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viii Contents

Radiation Standards 87
Exercises 94
Selected Bibliography 96

4 Reactor Physics 99
Infinite Systems 100
Finite Systems 108
Computational Methods 113
Exercises 131
Selected Bibliography 133

5 Reactor Kinetics and Control 135


Neutron Multiplication 136
Feedbacks 145
Control Applications 151
Exercises 157
Selected Bibliography 159

6 Fuel Depletion and Related Effects 161


Fuel Burnup 162
Transmutation 163
Fission Products 170
Operational Impacts 176
Exercises 181
Selected Bibliography 182

7 Reactor Energy Removal 185


Power Distributions 187
Fuel-Pin Heat Transport 191
Nuclear Limits 197
Exercises 205
Selected Bibliography 206

JJJ Nuclear Reactor Systems

8 Power Reactors: Economics and Design Principles 211


Economics of Nuclear Power 212
Reactor Design Principles 226
Reactor Fundamentals 231
Exercises 237
Selected Bibliography 240

9 Reactor Fuel Design and Utilization 241


Fuel-Assembly Design 242
Utilization 254
Exercises 259
Selected Bibliography 260
Contents ix

10 Light-Water Reactors 261


Boiling-Water Reactors 262
Pressurized-Water Reactors 268
Exercises 282
Selected Bibliography 284

11 Heavy-Water-Moderated and Graphite-Moderated


Reactors 287
Heavy-Water-Moderated Reactors 288
Graphite-Moderated Reactors 296
Exercises 308
Selected Bibliography 310

12 Enhanced-Converter and Breeder Reactors 313


Spectral-Shift Converter Reactors 315
Thermal-Breeder Reactors 317
Fast Reactors 321
Exercises 332
Selected Bibliography 333

IV Reactor Safety
13 Reactor Safety Fundamentals 337
Safety Approach 338
Energy Sources 340
Accident Consequences 343
Exercises 355
Selected Bibliography 356

14 Reactor Safety Systems and Accident Risk 359


Engineered Safety Systems 360
Quantitative Risk Assessment 384
Advanced Reactors 404
Exercises 410
Selected Bibliography 413

15 Reactor Operating Events, Accidents, and Their Lessons 417


Significant Events 419
TMI-2 Accident 423
Chernobyl Accident 450
Common Accident Lessons 467
Exercises 468
Selected Bibliography 472

16 Regulation and Administrative Guidelines 475


Legislation and Its Implementation 476
Reactor Siting 480
Reactor Licensing 487
x Contents

Administrative Guidelines 495


Exercises 500
Selected Bibliography 503

\J The Nuclear Fuel Cycle

17 Fuel Cycle, Uranium Processing, and Enrichment 507


Nuclear Fuel Cycle 508
Uranium 513
Exercises 532
Selected Bibliography 533

18 Fuel Fabrication and Handling 535


Fabrication 536
Fuel Recycle 541
Spent Fuel 546
Exercises 553
Selected Bibliography 557

19 Reprocessing and Waste Management 559


Reprocessing 560
Fuel-Cycle Wastes 566
Waste Management 573
Exercises 593
Selected Bibliography 596

20 Nuclear Material Safeguards 599


Special Nuclear Materials 601
Domestic Safeguards 604
International Safeguards 618
Fuel-Cycle Alternatives 625
Exercises 628
Selected Bibliography 630

11 Nuclear Fusion

21 Controlled Fusion 635


Fusion Overview 636
Magnetic Confinement 643
Inertial Confinement 650
Commercial Aspects 655
Non-Thermonuclear Fusion 659
Exercises 661
Selected Bibliography 662
Contents xi

Appendixes

I Nomenclature 667

II Units and Conversion Factors 671

III The Impending Energy Crisis: A Perspective on the Need


for Nuclear Power 677
Energy Crisis 678
Options 683
Proposed Solutions 694
Exercises 698
Selected Bibliography 702

IV Reference Reactor Characteristics 707

Answers to Selected Exercises 719


General Bibliography 721
Index 747

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