CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)

SOLID STATE
Q.1. The density of CaO is 3.35 gm/cm3. The oxide crystallises in one of the cubic systems with an
edge of 4.80 Å. How many Ca++ ions and O–2 ions belong to each unit cell, and which type of
cubic system is present?

Q.2. Copper has the fcc crystal structure. Assuming an atomic radius of 130pm for copper atom
(Cu = 63.54):
(a) What is the length of unit cell of Cu? (b) What is the volume of the unit cell?
(c) How many atoms belong to the unit cell? (d) Find the density of Cu.

Q.3. A compound formed by elements X & Y, Crystallizes in the cubic structure, where X is at the
corners of the cube and Y is at the six face centers. What is the formula of the compound? If
side length is 5A°, estimate the density of the solid assuming atomic weight of X and Y as 60
and 90 respectively.

Q.4. In LiI Crystal, I– ions form a cubical closest packed arrangement and Li+ ions occupy octahedral
holes. What is the relationship between the edge-length of the unit cells and the radii of the I-
ions? Calculate the limiting ionic radii of Li+ and I- if a= 600pm.

Q.5. The unit cube length of LiCl (NaCl structure) is 5.14A°. Assuming anion-anion contact,
Calculate the ionic radius of Cl- ion.

Q.6. Ferric oxide crystallizes in a hexagenal close – packed aray of oxide (O2–) ions with two out of
every three octahedral holes occupied by iron ions. What is the formula of ferric oxide?

Q.7. An unknown metal is found to have a specific gravity of 10.2 at 25°C. It is found to crystallize
in a body-centered cubic lattice with a unit cell edge length of 3.147Å. Calculate the atomic
weight.

Q.8. Calcium crystallizes in a face centered cubic unit cell with (a = 0.556 nm). Calculate the density
if
(i) It contained 0.1% Frenkel defects.
(ii) It contained 0.1 Schottkey defects

Q.9. A metal (atomic mass = 50) has a body centred cubic crystal structure. The density of the
metal is 5.96 g/cm3 . Find the volume of unit cell.  No  6.023  10 23 atoms mol1 

Q.10. An element crystallizes into a structure which may be described by a cubic type of unit cell
having one atom on each corner of the cube and two atoms on one of its diagonals. If the
volume of this unit cell is 24  1024 cm3 and density of element is 7.2 g cm3, calculate the
number of atoms present in 200 g of element.

Q.11. Potassium metal crystallizes in a face centred arrangement of atoms, where the edge of unit cell
is 0.574nm. What is the shortest separation of two potassium nuclei?

Q.12. The unit cell of a metal of atomic mass 108 and density 10.5 gm/cm3 is a cube with edge-
length of 409pm. Find the structure of the crystal lattice.
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
Q.13. The compound CuCl has ZnS structure. Its density is 3.4 gm/cm3. What is the edge-length of
unit cell? (Cu – 63.5, Cl – 35.5)

Q.14. Iron occurs as bcc as well as fcc unit cell. If the effective radius of an atom of iron is 124 pm.
Compute the density of iron in both these structures.

Q.15. A compound alloy of gold and copper crystallizes in a cube lattice in which the gold atoms
occupy the lattice points at the corners of a cube and the copper atoms occupy the centres of
each of the cube faces determine the formula of this compound.

Q.16. In an ionic oxide, oxide ions are arranged in hcp array and positive ion occupy two thirds of
octahedral void. Suggest the formula assuming metal as M

Q.17. An element A (Atomic weight – 100) having bcc structure has unit cell edge length 400 pm.
Calculate the density of A and number of unit cells and number of atoms in 10 gm of A.

Q.18. NH4Cl crystallizes in a body centered cubic lattice with a unit cell distance of 387 pm. Calculate
(a) The distance between oppositely charged ions in the lattice and
(b) The radius of the NH4 ion if the radius of Cl– ion is 181 pm.

Q.19. The composition of a sample of wurtsite is Fe0.93O. What percentage of iron is present in the
form of Fe(III)?

Q.20. Calculate the concentration of cationic vacancies if NaCl is doped with 10-3 mol% of SrCl2.
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ANSWERS
1. No. of Ca+ + ion = 4
No. of O– – ion = 4
So, cubic system is fcc type.
2. (a) 367.64 pm (b) volume of unit cell = 4.94  10–23 cm3
(c) n = 4 (d)  = 8.54 gm / cm3
3. 4.38 gm / cm3 4. 87.84 pm
5. 1.817 A0
6. Formula is Fe4O6 or Fe2O3 7. Atomic weight = 95.7
8. (i) 1.5463g / cm3 (ii) 1.5448g / cm3 9. -23
2.78×10 cm
3

10. 3.4722  1024 atoms 11. 0.406 nm

12. fcc lattice 13. 5.78 Å
14. BCC = 7.887 g/cc, FCC = 8.59 gm/cm3
15. AuCu3 16. M2O3
17. 5.188 gm/cm3, 3.01 × 1022 unit cell, 6.023 × 1022 atoms of A
18. 335.15 pm, 154.15 pm 19. 15.053
20. 6.021018

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CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
SOLUTIONS
1. From equation
(density) = 3.35 gm/cm3
a = 4.80 Å
Mm of CaO = (40 + 16) gm = 56 gm CaO
nMm
= where n = no. of molecules per unit cell
a 3  NA
3.35  ( 4.8  10 8 )3  6.023  10 23
n= = 3.98 or n4
56
So, 4-molecules of CaO are present in 1 unit cell
So, no. of Ca+ + ion = 4
No. of O– – ion = 4
So, cubic system is fcc type.

2. As we know
n  Mm
= ,
NA  a 3
(a) for fcc structure
4r = 2a
a =2 2 r
= 2 2  130 pm = 367.64 pm
n  Mm
(b) volume of unit cell = a3 =
Na  
4  63.54
= g/m3 = 4.94  10–23 cm3
6.023  10 23  8.54
(c) n=4
4  63.54
(d)  = = 8.54 gm / cm3
6.023  1023  (3.67  108 )3

3. From eight corner atoms one atoms (X) contributes to one unit cell.
From six face centres, three atoms (Y) contributes to one unit cell.
So, the formula of the compound is XY3.
As we know that,
n  Mm
= , here n = 1
NA  a 3
Molar mass of XY3
Mm = 60 + 3  90 = 330 gm
1 330
= gm/cm3
6.023  1023  (5  10  8 )3
a = 5Å = 5  10–8 cm
330
= gm/cm3 = 4.38 gm / cm3
6.023  10  125  10  24
23

4. From question
2r+ + 2r– = 600 pm
 r+ + r– = 300 pm …(i)
Since, Li+ ions occupy octahedral hole
So, for octahedral hole
r
= 0.414 …(ii)
r
From equation (I) and equation (ii)
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
 r 
r     1 = 300
r 
 r–  (0.414 +1) = 300
300 r
 r– = = 212.164 (  = 0.414)
1.414 r
 r+ = 212.164  0.414 = r+ = 87.84 pm

5. The distance between Li+ and Cl– ion can be derived as half of the edge length of cube
2r+ + 2r– = 5.14
4r– = 3  5.14
r
  0.414
r
0.414 r– + r– = 2.57
r– = 1.817

6. Number of oxide ions per unit cell = 6

 Number of octahedral voids = 6
Since two out of every three octahedral voids are occupied by iron
2
 number of iron ions per nit cell = 6=4
3
 formula is Fe4O6 or Fe2O3

n  Mm
7. =
NA  a 3
From question, n = 2, Mm = ?
a = 3.147Å = 3.147  10–8 cm
 a = (3.14  10–8 cm)3 = 3.116  10–23 cm3
3

 = 10.2 gm/cm3
10.2  6.023  10 23  3.116  10 23
 Mm = = 95.7 gm
2
 Atomic weight = 95.7

8. (i) 1.5463 g / cm3 (ii) 1.5448g / cm3

9. 2.78  10 23 cm3

10. Number of atoms in unit cell = 1 + 2 = 3

Volume of unit cell = 24  1024 cm3
Density = 7.2 g cm3
n  atomic weight
 Density 
V  Average number
3  atomic weight
 7.2 
24  1024  6.023  1023
 Atomic weight = 34.69
 34.69 g has number of atoms  6.023  1023
6.023  1023  200
 200 g has number of atoms 
34.69
= 3.4722  1024 atoms
11. 0.406 nm
12. fcc lattice
13. 5.78 Å
14. 7.887 g/cc, 8.59 gm/cm3
CHAPTER PRACTICE PROBLEMS (CHEMISTRY)
15. AuCu3

16. For ccp or hcp array of oxide ion:

Number of octahedral voids for each oxide ion = 1
2
Since of octahedral voids are occupied by metal ion.
3
2
Thus each oxide ion has metal ion or whole number ratio of oxide and metal ion is
3
2
1: or 3 : 2 . Thus formula is M3O2
3

17. 5.188 gm/cm3, 3.01 × 1022 unit cell, 6.023 × 1022 atoms of A
18. 335.15 pm, 154.15 pm
19. 15.053

20. 6.021018
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