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Eeng110 Lect3

This document discusses various types of pneumatic valves used in pneumatic systems, including: - Shuttle valves and dual-pressure valves that perform logical OR and AND operations on two fluid inputs. - Flow control valves and one-way flow control valves that restrict or limit air flow rate to pneumatic components, reducing pressure build up and actuation speed. - Check valves that allow fluid flow in only one direction, used for bypassing flow or protecting pumps from backpressure. It also covers applications of check valves and how one-way flow control valves can be used for exhaust air throttling to fill chambers quickly or supply air throttling to limit cylinder speed during the stroke.

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KRISTINE CASSANDRA SALAZAR
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21 views19 pages

Eeng110 Lect3

This document discusses various types of pneumatic valves used in pneumatic systems, including: - Shuttle valves and dual-pressure valves that perform logical OR and AND operations on two fluid inputs. - Flow control valves and one-way flow control valves that restrict or limit air flow rate to pneumatic components, reducing pressure build up and actuation speed. - Check valves that allow fluid flow in only one direction, used for bypassing flow or protecting pumps from backpressure. It also covers applications of check valves and how one-way flow control valves can be used for exhaust air throttling to fill chambers quickly or supply air throttling to limit cylinder speed during the stroke.

Uploaded by

KRISTINE CASSANDRA SALAZAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EENG110_LECTURE3

“ PNEUMATICS TRAINING”
TOPICS:

Other pneumatic valves


• Shuttle valves
• Two-pressure valves
• Flow control valves
• Quick exhaust valves
• Time delay valves
• Pressure sequence valves
• Pneumatic counters
NOISE ATTENUATION ON EXHAUST

Resolved by the use of silencers or mufflers


attached at the exhaust port of pneumatic
devices.

The air flowing out of a cylinder through a


valve often reaches a high speed, causing
an irritating noise. For this reason, valve
exhaust ports are usually equipped with
mufflers.

These reduce the speed of exhaust flow by


increasing the area over which flow takes
place. To do this, air is passed through
sintered material (metal or plastic).
SHUTTLE VALVES ( Processing Element )

A valve that perform logical-OR


operation of two input fluid flow

For example, a single acting


cylinder will only advance when
Circuit Symbol at least one of the two manual-
actuated valves are triggered
SHUTTLE VALVES ( Processing Element )
DUAL-PRESSURE VALVES
( processing element )

A valve that perform logical-AND


operation of two input fluid flow

For example, a single acting cylinder


Circuit Symbol will only advance when the two
manual-actuated valves are
simultaneously triggered
DUAL-PRESSURE VALVES
( processing element )
NON RETURN VALVE or CHECK VALVES

Used to allow fluid flow in only one


direction; used as a bypass device

VARIANTS OF CHECK VALVES

Check Valve, Unloaded

Check Valve, Spring-Loaded ➔ ➔ 2 ➔

2
Check Valve, Spring-Loaded,
piloted

1 21
APPLICATIONS OF CHECK VALVES

Check valves are used in some applications:


• Bypassing flow to a device in a specific direction
• Protection to pump

Pneumatic
System

4 2

1 3

Protection of
Bypassing Vacuum system pump from back-
throttle valve pressure
FLOW CONTROL VALVES

A valve that restricts or limits the flow of air thus


reducing the flow rate
Circuit Symbols:

Reducing the flow rate, reduces the pressure build


up hence reducing speed of actuation of drive
components such as slow cylinder advancement or Flow Control Valve,
slow speed pneumatic motor rotation Adjustable

One-Way Flow Control Valve,


Adjustable
FLOW CONTROL VALVES

A. FLOW CONTROL VALVE B. ONE-WAY FLOW CONTROL VALVE


Flow control valve and one-way
flow control valve
Flow control valve
Flow control valves influence the volumetric flow
rate of compressed air. Circuit Symbols:
Flow control valves are generally adjustable; the Flow Control Valve,
setting can be locked. One-Way Flow Control Valve,
Adjustable
Never close flow control valves completely. Adjustable
2 2

One-way flow control valve


Valve combination of flow control valve and non- 1 1

return valve
Facilitates free flow in one direction; in the
opposite direction compressed air can only flow
through the set cross section
Installed directly on the cylinder or as near as
➔ ➔
possible Free
Flow control ➔  flow
Flow control valve and one-way
flow control valve
Flow control valve
Flow control valves influence the volumetric flow
rate of compressed air. Circuit Symbols:
Flow control valves are generally adjustable; the Flow Control Valve,
setting can be locked. One-Way Flow Control Valve,
Adjustable
Never close flow control valves completely. Adjustable
2 2

One-way flow control valve


Valve combination of flow control valve and non- 1 1

return valve
Facilitates free flow in one direction; in the
opposite direction compressed air can only flow
through the set cross section
Installed directly on the cylinder or as near as
➔ ➔
possible Free
Flow control ➔  flow
WAYS OF THROTTLING USING ONE-WAY
FLOW CONTROL VALVE

A. EXHAUST AIR THROTTLING OR METERING OUT

Supply air is freely to the piston side and offers


resistance on the discharge side or exhaust side.

B. SUPPLY AIR THROTTLING OR METERING IN

No air cushioning at the exhaust air side, only at


the supply air side, thus restricting the incoming
flow
Exhuast air throttling (meter-out)

• The advantage of this exhaust-air flow control is that the chamber


to be pressurized is filled quickly, thus building up a minimum
pressure to generate motion or a force.

• This ensures a continuous motion free of the stick/slip effect.


Supply air throttling (meter-in)

• Used with cylinders which have a small diameter and/or a very


short stroke and thus operate with only a small volume of air.

• The effect of the air cushion would be too small in this case

This is used in two major cases:

Firstly, with single-acting cylinders, if the speed is to be limited


in the stroke direction in which the relevant cylinder chamber
is to be filled with air.
Supply air throttling (meter-in)

Mostly used with single-acting cylinders, if the speed is to be


limited in the stroke direction
How to control the retraction of a single acting
cylinder?
A possible speed-control circuit for single-acting cylinders is as follows:
THANK YOU!!

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