Compilation

of
P.E 4 Sports

Submitted by: Mary Chris G. Ugsang

Submitted to: Ms. Nanette Limpangog
BASKETBALL
History of the game

The game basketball started with a peach basket and eventually became an instant
hit for people at that time. Dr. James Naismith discovered the game in 1892, but it was Dr.
Luther Gullick, a PE professor from YMCA, Springfield, who was very eager to come up
with a new team game similar to other ball games. It was then Naismith, his student who
was eventually assigned to come up with a brand new game which requires a number of
participants. Even under pressure to beat the deadline, he came up with an idea to hang
two peach baskets at both ends of a court designed with a hoop and a volleyball. The
objective of the game was to shoot the ball from the hoop and the team with the most
number of shots made wins the game. After demonstration, the game became an instant
hit. It was then that the development of this game started. They formulated the rules that
would guide them in playing. The game was played in different places in America first
and then in other countries. In 1936, basketball was included in the Olympic games.
Basketball was brought to the Philippines by the Americans. It became popular and was
included in the Physical Education curriculum and even an event in school sports
program. It is now played by both young and adults, from all walks of life, and even girls
in different levels of competition.

Facilities/Equipment
The Court : The court is rectangular in shape, which measures 28m x 15m. It should be a
flat surface free from obstacles, rubberized colored paint for outdoor court and wooden
floor for indoor court. The court consists of the center line, center circle, free throw
line/free throw lane and the restricted area.
The Ring and Backboard : The ring is made up of solid iron with 45 cm diameter
attached to the board lying on a horizontal place 3.05m above the floor. The ring is 20mm
thick, where the net measuring 40cm long, is attached. It should be fixed on the board.
The size of the board is 1.80m x 1.20m x 0.3m. The target area is .5m x .45 m from the top
of the ring. The lines of the target area are 5cm thick.
The Ball : The ball shall be made of leather or rubber on synthetic materials.
Approximately, it is less than 75cm to 78cm in circumference with a weight not less than
567-650 grams. The colors shall be in dark orange for men, and tri-color for women.
Rules and Procedure
Game Rules and position
1. Center – The center players are in charge of blocking the opponent’s defenders and
opening up the goal for his teammates. It is also the center’s responsibility to keep
opponents from scoring by blocking their shots and passes within the key area.
2. Power forward – The power forward may choose to play under the hoop or in the
wings and corner areas. This player is also expected to be as good as the center in
claiming rebounds and shooting from the inside, and good in shooting from further
distances than the center.
3. Small forward – Small forwards can execute shoots from the distance of all five
positions and may be considered as one of the best shooters from team.
4. Shooting guard – This player leads the play by bringing down the ball to court to
execute offensive plays. The shooting guard is responsible for taking the most shots so he
must be an accurate shooter, even from the three-point range.
5. Point guard – a point guard coordinates the teammates while on offense. One skill
that a point guard must also possess is the long distance shooting.

General Rules/Regulations

 The ball could be thrown in any direction with one hand or both hands.
 The ball could also be battled in any direction by one hand or with both hands.
 Players could not run with the ball, and they must throw it from the spot on which
it is caught. Although there were loopholes around when a player is running at a
good speed when they catch it.
 The ball had to be held in the hands, arms or body could not be used to hold the
ball.
 No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping or striking opponents allowed. The first
infringement of this rule counts as a foul, and the second disqualifies the player
until the next goal, or if it is evident that there was no intent to cause harm.
 A foul is striking the ball with the fist.
 If either side makes three consecutive fouls, then this is counted as a goal for
opponents.
 A goal is made when the ball is thrown or battled from the ground and into the
basket and stays there. If the ball rests on the edge, and if opponents move the
basket, this also counts as a goal.
 Should the ball go out of bounds, then it shall be thrown into the field and played
by the first person to touch it. The person who throws it in is allowed five seconds
to do so, if they hold it any longer it goes to the opponent.
  Umpires shall be the judge of men and will note fouls and notify the referee when
three consecutive fouls have been made.
 The referee judges the ball and decides when the ball is in play, in-bounds and to
which side it belongs. They also keep the time and divide when a goal has been
made and keep account of these.
 The time is fifteen-minute halves, with a five-minute rest between.
 The side making the most goals in the time aforementioned will be the winner. In
the case of a draw, the game may be continued until another goal is made.

VOLLEYBALL
History of the game

Volleyball started in 1895 at YMCA, Holyoke, Massachusetts, USA by William J.

Morgan. He began experimenting the game with an interior of a basketball, a playing
court and a net that divides the court into two. The game was inspired by the game
tennis, the idea is similar but not with the use of a racket but instead, hitting the balls by
using the arms and hand. This was not intended to be popular as he named the game,
“Mintonette” because the net divides the court into two. It was in 1932 when the game
became one of the favorite recreational activities of the Americans when Dr. Alfred S.
Halsted, a YMCA professor suggested the change of mintonette to volleyball since the
nature of the game is volleying the ball or hitting the ball before it touches the ground. In
early 1935 to 1960s, many volleyball organizations and associations were created to
improve and develop the game. The game was adopted by YMCA and across the country
that led the different organization to the way of promoting the sport and to the creation
of separate set of rules for men and women. The rules for women was published in 1924.
In the Philippines, the game was introduced to the school curriculum as part of their
physical education program in 1910, with the influence of the Americans and spearheaded
by the YMCA Philippine director Elwood Brown. This is a safe game and it is adapted to
various age ranges which makes it one of the best “carry over” sports. The first Olympic
Games in volleyball was held in 1964 in Tokyo, Japan which also started the recognition of
volleyball as one of the medal games in the historical sports event.

Facilities/Equipment
The Ball : The ball is spherical in shape, made of flexible leather or synthetic leather case
with bladder inside made of rubber or a similar material. The ball is made of rubber or a
special kind of leather. It has a circumference of 65-67 cm and weight of 260-280 grams.
Its color may be a uniform light color or a combination of colors or the tri-color. The
material and color combination of balls used should comply with FIVB standards.
The Net : The net is made of strong cotton or nylon strings. The strand is 3mm thick. The
net has a mesh of 8cmx8cm. The length is 9.50m and the width is 1m and 0.25m on both
ends. The height of the net for men is 2.43m and 2.24 for women and 2.13 for much
younger players.

The Post and Antennae : The posts are placed at a distance of 0.50 to 1m outside the
sidelines. They are 2.55m high and preferably adjustable. The post is made of strong wood
of steel tube. The circumference is 8cm and the height is 2.45m. The antennae is made up
of flexible rod fiberglass or similar material, 1.80m long and 10mm in diameter.
The Court : The game is played in a rectangular court divided into two halves measuring
9m each. The playing court measures 18m sideline and 9m endline. It should be a flat
surface free from obstruction with additional area for the boundary zone as an extended
part of the playing court. The whole endline is the service area and all lines bounding the
court is 5cm.

Rules and Procedure

Game Rules and Scoring

 Volleyball is played by two teams of six players each.

 The players are numbered 1 to 6 and each team has an assigned LIBERO, who can
substitute any player at any time the ball is dead.
 Player number one will be the server and will continue to do the service as long as
he/she scores.
 Rally point system is being used per set and every set consists of 25 points and/or 3
out of 5 sets will be declared as winner in the match.
 Each team shall have a maximum of three touches, except when a touch is made to
block a spiked ball and the said touch is not counted and a player is not allowed to
have two consecutive touches.
 Each team is given a 3-second time out of 2 times per set.
 Players are not allowed to go out of the playing court during time-outs.
 Each player may be substituted. However, the substituted player cannot reenter
the game except in the succeeding set.
 The Libero can change any player of his team anytime when the ball is dead.
 Middle blocker blocks the ball or allows the team to dig the ball up again.
Scoring:

 The system of scoring is rally point. Every violation of a team, the opponent scores
a point.
 The first team to make 25 points wins a set.
 In case of deuce (24-24 points) a 2-point advantage will be set. The first team to
score 2 points wins the game. If the game ends in another deuce, another
advantage point will be decided and after the 2nd deuce, the first team to score
wins.