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    1 - Lecture - What Is Biochemistry

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    botanoka
    This document provides an introduction to the topic of biochemistry given by Professor Dr. Salar A. Ahmed. It defines biochemistry as the study of life at the molecular level and discusses how it impacts fields like medicine, agriculture, and the environment. The professor outlines the main areas of biochemistry including the structure and function of biomolecules, metabolism, and molecular genetics. Examples are given of the most abundant elements and complex biomolecules found in human cells and tissue.

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    1 - Lecture - What Is Biochemistry

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    botanoka
    82 views24 pages
    This document provides an introduction to the topic of biochemistry given by Professor Dr. Salar A. Ahmed. It defines biochemistry as the study of life at the molecular level and discusses how it impacts fields like medicine, agriculture, and the environment. The professor outlines the main areas of biochemistry including the structure and function of biomolecules, metabolism, and molecular genetics. Examples are given of the most abundant elements and complex biomolecules found in human cells and tissue.

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    بايوكيمستري

    Original Title

    1- lecture- what is biochemistry

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    This document provides an introduction to the topic of biochemistry given by Professor Dr. Salar A. Ahmed. It defines biochemistry as the study of life at the molecular level and discusses how it impacts fields like medicine, agriculture, and the environment. The professor outlines the main areas of biochemistry including the structure and function of biomolecules, metabolism, and molecular genetics. Examples are given of the most abundant elements and complex biomolecules found in human cells and tissue.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    82 views24 pages

    1 - Lecture - What Is Biochemistry

    Uploaded by

    botanoka
    This document provides an introduction to the topic of biochemistry given by Professor Dr. Salar A. Ahmed. It defines biochemistry as the study of life at the molecular level and discusses how it impacts fields like medicine, agriculture, and the environment. The professor outlines the main areas of biochemistry including the structure and function of biomolecules, metabolism, and molecular genetics. Examples are given of the most abundant elements and complex biomolecules found in human cells and tissue.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 24

    Title of the lecture:

    An Introduction to Biochemistry

    By:

    Professor
    Dr. Salar A. Ahmed

    MSc,. PhD. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki–Greece


    College of Medicine
    Hawler Medical Unversity
    What is Biochemistry?

    • Biochemistry = Chemistry of life.

    • Biochemistry is the study of life on a


    molecular level & is concerned with the
    chemical constituents of living cells

    • Basic principles of biochemistry are


    common to all living organisms
    • Biochemists use physical and chemical
    principles to explain biology at the
    molecular level.
    How does biochemistry impact you?

    Medicine
    Agriculture
    Industrial applications
    Environmental applications
    Relation between biochemistry and medicine

    1- Protein ……………kwashiorkor, and sickle


    cell anemia

    2- Lipids ……..atherosclerosis

    3- Carbohydrates …………diabetes mellitus

    4- Nucleic acids …… genetic disease


    Knowledge of biochemistry is essential to
    all life sciences
    Understanding causes of diseases at
    molecular level:

    Physical agents
    Chemical agents
    Oxygen lack
    Genetic diseases
    Immunological reactions
    Endocrine imbalances or deficiency
    diseases etc
    Principle Areas of Biochemistry

    • Structure and function of biological


    macromolecules

    • Metabolism: Anabolic and catabolic processes of


    life

    • Molecular Genetics: How life is replicated and


    Regulated
    Organization of Life

    • Elements
    • Simple organic compounds (monomers)
    • Macromolecules (polymers)
    • Supramolecular structures
    • Organelles
    • Cells
    • Tissues
    • Organisms
    Range of the
    sizes of objects
    studies by
    Biochemist and
    Biologist

    1 angstrom = 0.1
    nm
    Elements of Life

    But how many of them exist in life?


    Most abundant, essential for all organisms:
    Element Human dry wt%
    Oxygen 20%
    Carbon 50%
    Hydrogen 10%
    Nitrogen 8.5
    Phosphorus 2.5
    Sulfur 0.8 %

    Less abundant, essential for all organisms 5 common ions


    Ion Human dry wt%
    Ca 4%
    K 1%
    Na 0.4%
    Mg 0.1 %
    Cl 0.4 %

    Trace levels, essential for all organism: Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn
    Trace levels, essential for some organisms: V, Cr, Mo, B, Al, Ga, Sn,
    Si, As, Se, I,
    Major complex bimoleculars of cells

    Biomolecule Bullding block Major functions

    Protein AA Structure and function


    Carbohydrate Mono sacharide Storage energy
    Lipids FAs & glycerol Storage energy
    DNA Deoxyribonuclotides Hereditary information
    RNA Ribonuclotidesw Protein biosynthesis
    Composition of life

    Chemical composition for a man weighting 65 kg

    Bimoleculars kg %

    Protein 11 17%
    Fat 9 13.8%
    Carbohydrate 1 1.5%
    Water 40 61.6%
    Others 4 6.1%
    Many Important Biomolecules are Polymers

    lipid protein carbo nucleic


    s s acids
    monome
    r
    polyme
    r
    supramolecula
    r
    structure
    Lipids

    monome
    r
    polyme
    r
    supramolecula
    r
    structure
    Proteins

    monome amino
    r acid

    polyme protein subunit


    r
    supramolecula
    r Enzyme
    structure complex
    Carbohydrates

    monome
    r
    polyme
    r
    supramolecula
    r
    structure
    Nucleic Acids

    monome
    r
    polyme
    r
    supramolecula
    r
    structure
    What do we study in biochemistry?
    1- Chemical constituents of life

    ❖ Carbohydrate
    ❖ Proteins and anino acids
    ❖ Lipids
    ❖ Nucleic acids
    ❖ Enzymes
    ❖ Vitamins
    ❖ Minerals
    2-Physiological biochemistry

    Digestion and absorption


    Plasma proteins
    Biological oxidation
    Energy rich compounds
    Biological oxidation
    Respiratory chain
    Oxidative phosphorylation
    3- Metabolism

    Carbohydrate
    Proteins
    Lipds
    Minerals
    Hormons
    Nuclic acids
    Prostaglandin
    4-Genetics and molecular biology

    Genetics introduction
    Nucleotides
    Replication
    Transcription
    Recombinant DNA technology
    Human genome project
    Gene therapy
    5- Clinical chemistry

    Insulin and DM
    Liver function tests
    Kidney function tests
    MI
    Tumer markers and cancer biochemistry
    Jaundice
    Free radicals and antioxidants
    Water and electrolyte and acid base
    balance
    Inborn errors of metabolism

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