Level of Awareness in Waste Management among

Rosario National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 2

Researchers:

Abat, Marianne Joyce N.

Dulay, Angelo C.
Gonzales, Lloyd Lemar L.
Laron, Richard Paul N.
Mabalot, Leanne Francis A.
Orpilla, Sheila May C.
 CHAPTER 1
Background of the study

Waste management encompasses all types of waste, such as household, industrial and
hazardous. Waste can also be solid, liquid or gas, each of which has its own methods of
management and disposal. The whole purpose of waste management is to reduce the amount of
waste that goes into landfills.

Reducing such trash's harmful impacts on the environment and public health is the goal of waste
management. The generation of municipal solid trash by commercial, industrial, and residential
activities constitutes a significant portion of waste management. Environmental protection includes
effective waste management. To store, collect, transport, and dispose of solid waste in an
economical, hygienic manner without contaminating the environment, the land, or the water
system, serves this purpose (Unep 2020).

Segregation together with handling, the transport and the disposal of wastes must be properly
administered to minimize risks to the safety and health of humankind. A typical problem of school
is the improper waste disposal of students. This behavior might affect human health inside the
campus and the environment.

Waste management is not just a government's sole responsibility, it should be by every individual.
Since garbage starts from one's home, waste management should start from it as well.
Segregation and recycling are one way of taking part in waste management method. Avoidance of
having trash is one way of lessening the waste problem. Using materials that are environmentally
friendly, one can help in minimizing and even solving the waste problem (Evreka 2017)

waste management trends include innovative composting and advanced recycling. Further,
businesses are exploring ways to incorporate sustainable materials, circular product design,
biodegradable packaging, and more to enable a closed-loop supply chain. Block chain-powered
solutions track material lifecycle to improve recycling efficiency and divert waste away from
landfills (Startus 2022)

Inventions Smart Waste Bins Several companies now make smart waste bins that offer a wide
range of functions. Many include sensors that detect trash levels so they can alert users when
they’re full. This information can help people track their disposal habits and optimize trash pickup
schedules, reducing fuel consumption (Angelina Ruiz 2020).

Plasma Gasification Waste-to-energy processes prevent waste from ending up in landfills and
create relatively green power sources. One of the newest and most promising of these techniques
is plasma gasification. In this process, plasma heats waste to extreme temperatures and converts
it into usable gases like hydrogen (Angelina Ruiz 2020).

This study wants to know the level of awareness of the students regarding waste management.
This study determines whether the students follow the rules in managing waste materials
(Angelina Ruiz 2020).

This study will analyze the level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National High
School students.
Waste management is one of the issues in Rosario National High School. To achieve sustainable
implementation of the proper waste management practices, attitude with the participation is the
key to be involve. Waste Management may help school identify whether teachers educate their
pupils to help in the implementation of school waste management program through the practices
they model on waste management

Statement of the Problem:

This research will assess the level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National
High School students.

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of;

1.1. Age;
1.2 Sex;
1.3 Grade level;
2.What is the level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National High School
students?

Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on the Level of Awareness in Waste Management among Rosario National
High School. The data collection will be conducted 171 randomly selected students in Rosario
National High School S/Y 2023-2024.

This study will not cover the other problems that are not necessarily connected to the study. Each
of the respondents is given the same questionnaire to answer. The findings of this study will be
applicable only to the respondents of this study and will not be used as a measure to the level of
awareness in waste management of the students who do not belong to the populations of this
study. The main source of the data will be the questionnaire, which is prepared by the researchers.

Significance of the study

This section will provide a brief description of the various significance of the study given the
problems of Rosario National High School regarding waste management. Waste management can
help us with a range of factors that help our school to improve and become a cleaner environment.
This study may be significant to the following:

Students. They are the primary subjects who are intend to undergo this program. The greater
portion of school waste comes from the students, so they have to become knowledgeable and
aware of how to reduce these wastes, especially plastic garbage that is mostly generated from
school.

Teacher. This may be significant to the teachers as they also use and throw plastic garbage in the
trash bin. They are the ones who can motivate students to undergo this program as they believe
that student's participation is merely need.
School Administrators. This research may encourage the school administration to validate and
accept this study as a program for the betterment of the school environment.

Future Researchers. This may also be significant for future researchers to have a better guide in
doing related research. This may help and serve them to generate new concepts and discoveries
to enhance and improve their study.

Community. It will help to increase the knowledge and awareness of individuals. causes and
consequences of waste problems, and the potential solutions and benefits of waste reduction,
reuse, recycling, refusal and recovery.

Definitions of terms

Waste management refers to the various schemes to manage and dispose of waste. It can be
discarded, recycled, reused, discarded, processed, or controlling waste.

5R. The five R’s – to reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse and recover.

Biodegradable. These are wastes materials that can be easily decompose in a short period of
time, for example. leaves, grass, diapers, etc.

Garbage. Things or resources that are no longer useful or waste materials that are discarded by
humans.

Hazardous Waste. Waste materials can cause harm or hazard. Example Waste oil, paint,
batteries etc.

Level of Awareness. It refers to how the learners know and understand waste management.

Recycle. This is the process of collecting and processing materials that would otherwise be thrown
away as trash and turning them into new products.

Reduce. To cut back on the amount of trash we generate. This is an approach to lessen the waste
being produced. It includes the use of paper bags instead of plastic bags and the use of stainless-
steel cutlery instead of disposable the disposable one.

Recover. To optimize waste treatment allowing it to be converted for a specific purpose, either to
generate energy or obtain new raw materials.

Refuse. To refuse any disposable materials, which includes both recyclable and non-recyclable
Materials.

Reuse. To find new ways to use things that otherwise would have been thrown out.

Segregation. It is a waste disposal practice which uses different trash bins for a specific waste
produced. It separates biodegradable from non-biodegradable products such as cans, papers,
bottles, and plastics.
Solid waste. The useless garbage produced by different sources such as homes, schools and
industrial facilities.

Waste Disposal. The collection, sorting, transport and treatment of waste as well as its storage
and tipping above or underground.
 CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

There has been a significant increase in the total tons of solid waste as result of the country’s
population growth, urbanization, and ongoing economic expansion. More demands for a solid
waste management system with greater dependability have resulted from this.

Waste is an undesirable substance produced by human activity that cannot be avoided. It

originates from all animal and human habitats. It is seen as waste material that is worthless or
useless, material that should be thrown away, or material that residents no longer use for any
reason. It can be categorized as solid, liquid, or gas. One of the main causes for concern is the
anticipated rise in the expense of waste management in developing nations.

The goal of this article is to analyze the present municipal Solid Waste Management (SWM) and
its challenges in the country, as well as to discuss potential and innovative solutions to solid waste
concerns. The integrated waste management approach of the 3Rs is the most common type of
SWM in the country. Despite the passage of the RA 9003 law in 2001, municipal recovery facilities
and sanitary landfills serve only around 21% and 4% of the country's Local Government Units
(LGUs), respectively.

Furthermore, while the LGU of Los Banos was able to successfully manage the solid waste
problem through community mobilization and the political will of its highest official, SWM in the
country could still be regarded ineffective or inefficient. As a result, to have an effective SWM in
the Philippines, LGUs must have the political will to innovate comply with RA 9003, by mobilizing
all sectors involved in eliminating solid waste and improving the economic position of
disadvantaged populations involved in SWM.

To address the trash issue, the 3R rule (reduce, reuse, recycle) is widely acknowledged in waste
management. Responsibility is also vital in fostering waste management behaviors in addition to
this rule (Minelgait & Liobikien, 2019). Everyone should be aware of proper trash management in
an ideal world because everyone is accountable for environmental challenges, including waste
management (Ampofo, 2020; Dharmasiri, 2019).

A clean and sustainable environment can only be achieved through environmental education.
Environmental sustainability is hampered by a lack of funds, educated teachers, adequate
information, awareness, practice, and enthusiasm. Students have a high awareness of recycling,
and those who have a high level of awareness are more likely to exhibit recycling behavior,
according to Aksan, elikler & Yenikalayc's (2019) research.

These challenges can be overcome in schools, though. So much so that educational institutions
design suitable curricula to encourage sustainability through participation, practise, and
awareness. This circumstance results in cleaner, greener, and sustainable development (Debrah,
Vidal, & Dinis, 2021). On the other side, poor waste management practises are weakened by a
lack of individual awareness and environmental knowledge, which results in enduring issues for
future generations (Ampofo, 2020).
.
According to Triguero, Alvarez-Aledo, and Cuerva (2016), the concept of sustainability comprises
using natural resources responsibly and processing trash in accordance with accepted practises.
For effective environmental management, waste reduction and proper waste management are
crucial.

Separation of waste is essential as the waste produced causes many problems. Waste separation
should be done within the scope of waste management at sources such as homes, markets, or
industries to ensure recycling (Dharmasiri, 2019).
The biggest obstacle to recycling is the lack of a system for separate collection of wastes in many
countries (Tulebayeva, Yergobek, Pestunova, Mottaeva & Sapakova, 2020). Waste management
at the source is the basis of waste management at the household level. The education to be
provided can increase knowledge, environmental awareness, practical knowledge and improve the
understanding of household waste management (Asteria & Haryanto, 2021).

It is necessary to raise the awareness of individuals so that separate collection of waste becomes
a part of daily life at school, at home. and in the community. Trash separation is crucial since the
trash generated leads to numerous issues. To ensure recycling, trash separation should be carried
out as part of waste management at sources, such as homes, markets, or industries (Dharmasiri,
2019). In many nations, the lack of a mechanism for the separate collection of wastes is the main
barrier to recycling (Tulebayeva, Yergobek, Pestunova, Mottaeva & Sapakova, 2020).

The foundation of waste management at the household level is waste management at the source.
According to Asterioa and Haryanto (2002), the education that will be given can advance
knowledge, environmental awareness, practical knowledge, and the comprehension of household
waste management. It is essential to increase public knowledge so that trash separation is
practiced on a regular basis at work and at home.

Worldwide society recognizes that Solid Waste Management (SWM) is a critical issue that must be
addressed. The aggressive pursuit of economic growth by developing countries such as the
Philippines has resulted in the production, distribution, and usage of products, as well as the
accumulation of trash, all of which contribute to environmental degradation and global climate
change. According to available statistics, the Philippines is the ninth most vulnerable country to
climate change due to rising sea levels, strong storm surges, and droughts.

This is seen in the country's frequent and powerful floods caused by devastating typhoons, which
many attributed to climate change. Along with the country's economic advancement, fast
population increase has made waste management a key environmental concern. Waste creation in
the Philippines has increased rapidly because of rapid economic and population growth,
contributing to environmental deterioration.

Waste management initiatives offer tremendous opportunities for communities to reduce

environmental contamination caused by solid waste. In the United Kingdom several interventions
programmed have been implemented including household waste prevention alluded to by Gorge,
Sharp, strange, Wilson and blacked (2010). For successful development of any solid waste
project, community participation in collection and design of facilities is essential for sustainability
(World bank, 2010).
To come up with a sustainable technology social model request a baseline survey on solid waste
collection patterns, available resources for collection, how much residents know in terms of best
practices for solid waste disposal, rules and regulations governing waste disposal and council
bylaws on waste disposal. A baseline survey carried out in 2010 by Living Earth ideas into action
in Kampala.
The Standard (June 24, 2012) reports that waste management, in Harare, had reached crisis
levels with solid waste being dumped in rivers, roads, wetlands, woodlands and literary
everywhere in city.
Practical action in southern Africa (2006) called for community participation in sustainable waste
management advocating for this to be done through community education so that the people are
made aware of their responsibilities in social waste management.Gautam et al (2010) argued that
to shift from the existing wasteful conditions to a more sustainable management, there is a critical
need to review the existing conditions and identify its associated problems and alternative
solutions.
Rao (2013) said that the problems connected with refuse storage in buildings were, insects, rats,
fire, and adore. These problems are also associated with other problems of human health and
aquatic systems.

CHAPTER 3
 Research Methodology

Research Design
The correlation will use in this study. This study will use a quantitative research design that aims to
describe the level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National High School.

Sampling Scheme
The participants of the study will be the students at Rosario National High School for the School
Year 2023-2024. A stratified random sample of 171 students will be select in this study.

Data Gathering Instrument

In order to determine the level of awareness of the participants of the study, the researchers will
use a questionnaire that follows a scale method. This survey questionnaire consists of a set of
orderly questions which will be used to gather data and measure the awareness of the participants
on the given subject matter. Firstly, the survey questionnaire will ask for the participants' profiles.
Second, the questionnaire will provide an introduction to guide the participants through the
survey's objectives and the scale method used. Lastly, the questionnaire will present a numbered
list of questions that the participants will answer to assess their level of awareness.

Data Collection Procedure

In order to conduct the questionnaire, the researchers will first obtain permission from the principal.
This will be done by creating a letter from the principal and receiving approval. The respondents
will receive instructions on how to answer the questionnaire, which will consist of 20 questions.
The researchers and their advisors will guide the participants through the process. The study is
scheduled to take place in the year 2023-2024 at Rosario National High School.

Once the questionnaire has been completed, the researchers will collect it from the respondents.
The results will be kept by the researchers.

Data Analysis
To present the data and measure the level of awareness of respondents. The following scale and
descriptive method are use.

Scale Descriptive equivalent

4 --------------- Very highly aware
3 --------------- Highly Aware
2 --------------- Moderately Aware
1 --------------- Not aware
 Level of Awareness in Waste Management among Rosario National
High School

Dear Respondents,
The researcher is in the process of completing basic research entitled: Level of Awareness in
Waste Management among Rosario National High School. This study aims to determine the
Level of awareness of students on waste management, whether the students follow the rules in
managing waste materials. This study can be useful for you to further lighten your awareness on
waste management and to know how useful waste management for the school, environment and
the community.

We would like to ask your cooperation by answering the questionnaire honestly and completely.
Any information you will provide shall highly appreciated and we assure that all information will be
treated with utmost confidentiality.

Respectfully yours,
The Researchers

PART I: PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

Name: (optional)

Sex: Male Female Grade Level: Grade 7 Grade 10

Grade 8 Grade 11
Grade 9 Grade 12

Age: 11-12 y/o 17-18 y/o

13-14 y/o 19 above
15-16 y/o

PART II: INSTRUCTION ON HOW TO ANSWER THE GIVEN QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Read the statements carefully, Put a check mark (/) on the column provided that
corresponds to your answer.

Scale Level of Awareness

4 Very Highly Aware (VHA)
3 Highly Aware (HA)
2 Moderately Aware (MA)
1 Not Aware (NA)
LEVEL OF AWARENESS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT Very Highly Highly Moderately Not Aware
AMONG ROSARIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Aware (4) Aware Aware (2) (1)
STUDENTS (3)
1. Republic Act 9003(Ecological Solid Waste
Management)
2. I am aware and responsible for every waste I
produce.
3. I can distinguish and identify biodegradable from
non-biodegradable.
4. I am knowledgeable on possible illnesses that
one can get whenever trash is not properly
disposed of.
5. I am familiar with the policies of the school's
waste management program.
6. I am aware in 5r (reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse,
recover)
7. Segregate a recyclable item for collection or new
resources
8. I am aware of segregating wastes
9. Benefits and process of composting organic
waste
10. Proper methods for disposing of electronic waste
(e-waste) (Battery, Phone, Computer)
11. Proper way to sort different types of waste for
recycling
12. Proper handling and disposal of hazardous
household waste
13. The concept of sustainable packaging and its
role in waste reduction
14. I am aware of Concept of a circular economy and
its importance in reducing waste
15. Practices of up-cycling, where discarded items
are creatively transformed into new and useful
products
16. I am aware on how to store waste at our home
properly
17. Discipline on waste management matters a lot
18. I am aware that waste management has a big
help for school, environment and community
19. Importance of having Waste management
20. I am aware in waste minimization practices like
reuse, recycle and reduce
Reference:

Lalamonan E., Comighud S. May 2020. Awareness and Implementation of Solid Waste
Management(SWM)Practices.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341757197_Awareness_and_Implementation_of_Solid_Wast
e_Management_SWM_Practices

Catan I. January 2021.Solid Waste Management Awareness and Practices among Senior High
School Students in a State College in Zamboanga City, Philippines.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348556320_Solid_Waste_Management_Awareness_and
_Practices_among_Senior_High_School_Students_in_a_State_College_in_Zamboanga_City_Phili
ppines

Macusi E. December 2019. Perception of Solid Waste Management and Rate of Accumulation in
Schools in Mati City, Mindanao Island, Philippines https://jmic.online/issues/v8n2/9/

Nabor A., Dela Cruz R. June 2022. Pupils' Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of
School-Based Solid Waste Management in a Public Elementary School in the Philippines.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361578077_Pupils'_Awareness_Knowledge_Attitude_an
d_Practice_of_School
Based_Solid_Waste_Management_in_a_Public_Elementary_School_in_the_Philippines

Atienza V. 2021. A Breakthrough in Solid Waste Management through Participation and

Community Mobilization: The Experience of Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. https://en.apu.ac.jp

Debrah J., Vidal D. January 2021. Raising Awareness on Solid Waste Management through
Formal Education for Sustainability: A Developing Countries Evidence Review.
https://www.mdpi.com/2313-4321/6/1/6

Ferronato N., Torretta V. March 2019. Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review
of Global Issues.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16061060

Fadhullah W., Abdullah H. January 2022.Household solid waste management practices and
perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia.
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-021-12274-7

Annaliza S. may 2021. Students' Awareness on Waste Management: Their Effect on

WasteManagement. https://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=http://ijeais.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/5/
IJAPR210503.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwi1ncDjmsGCAxWsXWwGHfRVBzIQFnoECAwQAQ&usg=AOvV
aw1P4JSIOyobQ1nR7-YeB4O6

Mutungwe E, Tsvere M., september 2019. A STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS AND
PRACTICES OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CHINHOYI, URBAN, ZIMBABWE
Simbarashe .
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284724916_A_STUDY_OF_THE_LEVEL_OF_AWAREN
ESS_AND_PRACTICES_OF_SOLID_WASTE_MANAGEMENT_IN_CHINHOYI_URBAN_ZIMBAB
WE_Simbarashe_Munikwa_Beauty_Dondo
 Chapter 4
Data Collection, Analysis, and Findings

This chapter presents the data gathered, the results of the statistical analysis, interpretation of
findings. These are presented in tables following of the sequence of the specific research problem
regarding to the Level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National High School.

Profile of the Respondents

Table 1.1
Sex of the Respondents
SEX FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
MALE 97 56.73%
FEMALE 74 43.27%
TOTAL 171 100%

Based on the table 1. Our male respondents are 56.73% while our female respondents are
43.27%. Therefore majority of our respondents are male because it has 56.47%.

Table 1.2
Grade Level of the Respondents
GRADE LEVEL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
7 29 16.96%
8 29 16.96%
9 29 16.96%
10 29 16.96%
11 29 16.96%
12 26 15.20%
TOTAL 171 100%

Based on the table 2, 19.96% of our respondents came from grade 7, 19.96% from grade 8,
19.96% from the grade 9, 19.96% from the grade 10, 19.96% from the grade 11, and 15.20% from
the grade 12.

Table 1.3
Age of the Respondents
AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE
11-12 Y/O 22 12.87%
13-14 Y/O 50 29.24%
15-16 Y/O 62 36.25%
17-18 Y/O 29 16.96%
19 ABOVE 8 4.68%
TOTAL 171 100%

According to table 3. 12.87% of our respondent has the age of 11-12 y/o answered the
questionnaire, 29.24% from the age of 13-14 y/o, 36.25% from the age of 15-16 y/o, 16.96% from
the age of 17-18 y/o, and 4.68% from the age of 19. Therefore most of our respondent came from
15-16 of age and answered our questionnaire.
 Table 1.4
Level of Awareness in Waste Management among Rosario National High School
LEVEL OF AWARENESS IN WASTE MANAGEMENT
AMONG ROSARIO NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS WM DESCRIPTION R
1.Republic Act 9003(Ecological Solid Waste Management) 3.2 HA 4
2. I am aware and responsible for every waste I produce. 3.2 HA 4
3. I can distinguish and identify biodegradable from non- 3.2 HA 4
biodegradable.
4. I am knowledgeable on possible illnesses that one can get 3.1 HA 5
whenever trash is not properly disposed of.
5. I am familiar with the policies of the school's waste 3.3 HA 3
management program.
6. I am aware in 5r (reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse, recover) 3.4 HA 2
7. Segregate a recyclable item for collection or new resources 3.3 HA 3
8. I am aware of segregating wastes 3.2 HA 4
9. Benefits and process of composting organic waste 3.1 HA 5
10. Proper methods for disposing of electronic waste (e- 3.1 HA 5
waste) (Battery, Phone, Computer)
11. Proper way to sort different types of waste for recycling 3.3 HA 3
12. Proper handling and disposal of hazardous household 3.2 HA 4
waste
13. The concept of sustainable packaging and its role in 3.1 HA 5
waste reduction
14. I am aware of Concept of a circular economy and its 3.2 HA 4
importance in reducing waste
15. Practices of up-cycling, where discarded items are 3.2 HA 4
creatively transformed into new and useful products
16. I am aware on how to store waste at our home properly 3.2 HA 4

17. Discipline on waste management matters a lot 3.5 HA 1

18. I am aware that waste management has a big help for 3.4 HA 2
school, environment and community
19. Importance of having Waste management 3.4 HA 2

20.I am aware in waste minimization practices like reuse, 3.4 HA 2

recycle and reduce
TOTAL 3.2 HA

The table shows that the question number 17 got the first place in the ranking with 3.5 weighted
mean based on the given data that shows that our respondents is aware about this question, that
followed by question number 6, 18, 19 and 20 with 3.4 weighted meanwhile the question number
4, 9, 10, and 13 got the lowest place on the table with 3.1 weighted mean.

Table 1.5
Correlation- Pearson R
PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS SCALE OF CORRELATION VALUE
IN TERMS OF; COEFFICIENT
SEX 0.12 VERY LOW POSTIVE
CORRELATION
GRADE LEVEL 0.11 VERY LOW POSITIVE
CORRELATION
AGE 0.01 VERY LOW POSITIVE
 CORRELATION

Based on the table, a 0.12 correlation of sex, means there is a very low positive correlation
between sex and the level of awareness in waste management among Rosario National High
School. This means that our female respondents have higher level of awareness in waste
management than our male respondents, but the correlation level is very low.

A correlation coefficient of age got 0.11 with the value of very low positive correlation, this means
that as students getting older their level of awareness in waste management will also increase. On
the other hand, grade level got 0.01 correlation coefficient with the value of very low positive
correlation, this means that higher grade was mostly aware regarding of waste management.
 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter includes the summary of findings that the researchers have analyzed, documented,
conclusion and recommendation that will help in enhancing students writing quality, in upgrading
the curriculum and for the future researchers.

SUMMARY
This study focused on the Level of Awareness in Waste Management among Rosario National
High School. The researcher developed questionnaire focusing on “What is the level of awareness
in waste management among Rosario National High School students?” There were one-hundred
students who served as the respondents of this study. The study’s data were analyzed utilizing the
average weighted mean as a statistical measure.

FINDINGS
The following were significant findings of the study;