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ICT Quiz Summary

The document discusses hardware and software components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical components like the keyboard, monitor, and motherboard. The motherboard acts as the central hub to connect other internal components like the CPU, RAM, graphics card and hard drive. Software is divided into two categories: application software like word processors, spreadsheets, and databases that perform tasks, and system software like operating systems, compilers and device drivers that allow the computer and applications to function. The document provides examples and definitions of various hardware and software components and their functions in a computer system.

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amana.sherwani.2010
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26 views7 pages

ICT Quiz Summary

The document discusses hardware and software components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical components like the keyboard, monitor, and motherboard. The motherboard acts as the central hub to connect other internal components like the CPU, RAM, graphics card and hard drive. Software is divided into two categories: application software like word processors, spreadsheets, and databases that perform tasks, and system software like operating systems, compilers and device drivers that allow the computer and applications to function. The document provides examples and definitions of various hardware and software components and their functions in a computer system.

Uploaded by

amana.sherwani.2010
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ICT quiz summary

Page:2
Hardware: it is the term of the physical components that make a typical
computer set.
{external hardware}
Example:
1) Keyboard {input device}
2) Mouse {input device} KMCMPP
3) Camera {input device}
4) Monitor {output device}
5) Printer {output device}
6) Plotter {output device}
Hardware has two categories: Internal and External
{Internal hardware}
examples:
1) Motherboard
2) Central processing unit (CPU)
3) Random access memory. MCRRGSNI
4) Read only memory (ROM)
5) Graphics card
6) Sound card
7) Network interface card (NIC)
8) Internal storage devices (hard disk drive and solid state drive)
Page:3
Motherboard: It allows the computer hardware to function properly
and communicate with each other. It also acts as a hub so it can
connect to other devices. A motherboard consists of:
1) A sheet of hard plastic
2) Thin layers of copper or aluminum
3) Several sockets and slots

Ram: It is an internal chip where data is stored temporarily when you


run applications. It is also referred as volatile or temporary memory.

Rom: It is a memory that stores information permanently. The


information will still stay even after you shut down the computer. Its
also known as non-volatile memories.

CPU: It is an electronic circuit board that can execute instructions from


a computer program. The two main compenents are
1) Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) where logical operations are
carried out
2) Control unit (CU) which can execute instructions
NIC: It allows a computer or any other device to connect to a network
(wire or wireless). Each NIC is coded with a Media access control (MAC)
address code.
Graphic card: It allows the computer to send graphical information to a
video display device. It is connected to the motherboard. Graphic cards
are made up of
1) A processing unit
2) RAM (memory unit)
3) A cooling mechanism (since they generate a lot of heat)
4) Connections to display unit
Sound card: it helps to the computer to produce sounds. These sounds
can be heard by headphones, speakers, etc. they also allow a user to
record sound input.
Internal hard disk drive/Solid state drive (HDD/SDD):
They are magnetic in nature and they can store data, files, (text, music)
and most of the application software.

Page:4
Software: it’s the term used for the programs that control the computer
system and process data. There are two categories: Applications and
System
Application software provides the services that can solve a given task
for example:
1) Word processing
2) Spreadsheet.
3) Database
4) Control and measurement software. WSDCAVGAC
5) Apps and Applets
6) Video editing
7) Graphic editing
8) Audio editing
9) Computer aided design (CAD)
System software: It is a platform on which other software can run, for
example:
1) Compliers
2) Linkers. CLOUD
3) Operating systems
4) Utilities
5) Device drivers

Page:5
Word processing: It is a software used to manipulate a text document.
Some of the functions of word processing is:
1) Creating, Editing, Saving, and Manipulating text
2) Copy and Paste
3) Spell Checkers and thesaurus
4) Import photos
5) Translation into different location
Spreadsheet: its is a software used to organize and manipulate
numerical data(in the form of an integer, real, date, etc). Some of the
functions of spreadsheet are
1) Use of formula
2) Ability to make graphs
3) Ability to do modeling and “what if” questions
Database: It is used to organize, manipulate, and analyse data. Some
of its functions are:
1) Carry out queries on database and produce a report (DBMS)
2) Add, delete and modify data in a table
Apps and Applets:
Applets are small applications that preform a single task on a device.
Apps are a software which can preform a task (such as video, music
streaming)
Control and measurement software: it is a software that was
designed to allow a computer to interface with sensors so they
could:
1) Measure physical quantities
2) Control applications
Computer-Aided design (CAD): It is a software that helps in creation,
manipulation, modification, and analysis of a design. It can also:
1) Can be rotated from any angle
2) Produce full dimensions
3) Used to estimate the cost of a product
4) Predict any problems
Audio editing software: it allows a user to edit, manipulate, and
generate audio data. It also allows to alter:
1) Length of track
2) Start/stop time of track
3) Conversion between audio file
4) Volume of track
5) Fading in/out
6) Combine multiple sound track
7) Noise reduction
8) To create another version of sound track
Video editing software: it allows the ability to manipulate or create
videos. It also include:
1) Rearranging, adding or removing clips of the video
2) Applying color correction, filters and more
3) Creating transitions between the video
Graphics editing software: it allows you to create, edit computer
graphics or bitmap and vector to be changed.

Complier: It is a program that translates HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE into


MACHINE CODE so computer can do the required task. Examples of
HLL:
1) Java
2) Python
3) Visual basic. JPVFCA
4) Fortran
5) C++
6) Algol
Linkers: it’s a program that takes files made by complier and turns it
into a simple program that can run by computer.
Operating systems: is a software that runs in the background of the
computer system. It manages basic functions. It allows:
1) Input/Output operation
2) User to communicate with computer.
3) Error handling
4) The loading and running of programs to occur
5) Managing security
Utilities: it’s a software that carry out specific tasks. They help to
manage, maintain and control resources. Some examples are:
1) Antivirus
2) Anti-spyware
3) Backup of files
4) Disk repair
5) File management. AABDFSSD
6) Security
7) Screen savers
8) Disk defragment
Device driver: it is s name given to software that enables a hardware
device to communicate with the computers operating device.
Examples of devices that need a driver:
1) Printers
2) Memory sticks
3) Mouse
4) CD drivers

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