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Image Processing Frequency Domain

This document discusses image enhancement in the frequency domain using Fourier transforms. It provides background on Fourier's work developing Fourier transforms and series in the 19th century. Fourier transforms decompose images into sinusoids of different frequencies. The Fourier transform represents an image in the frequency domain rather than the spatial domain. Key properties discussed include that a function and its Fourier transform form a transform pair and that a function can be reconstructed from its Fourier transform. The document also covers topics like spatial frequency, sampling theory, aliasing, and how the discrete Fourier transform is used to process digital images.

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Ahmad Sohrabi
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12 views

Image Processing Frequency Domain

This document discusses image enhancement in the frequency domain using Fourier transforms. It provides background on Fourier's work developing Fourier transforms and series in the 19th century. Fourier transforms decompose images into sinusoids of different frequencies. The Fourier transform represents an image in the frequency domain rather than the spatial domain. Key properties discussed include that a function and its Fourier transform form a transform pair and that a function can be reconstructed from its Fourier transform. The document also covers topics like spatial frequency, sampling theory, aliasing, and how the discrete Fourier transform is used to process digital images.

Uploaded by

Ahmad Sohrabi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image processing

1
CHAPTER 4
Image Enhancement in Frequency
Domain
((Fourier
Fourier Transform)
Transform)

2
Background
Fourier published his book “The Analytic Theory of Heat” in
1822
New revolutionary concept
› Any function that periodically repeated itself can be expressed
as the sum of sines and/or cosines of different frequencies,
each multiplied by a different coefficient.

3
Fourier transform
basis functions

Approximating a
square wave as the
sum of sine waves.

4
Background

Two forms
› Fourier series
› Fourier transform
Important characteristic
› A function, expressed in either a Fourier series or
transform, can be reconstructed completely
Digital computation and FFT algorithm
appearing in 1950s revolutionized signal
processing
5
Illustration of Decomposition

6
Fourier Transform

7
Important Transform Pairs

8
Fourier Transform

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Example 1

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Example 2

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Spatial Frequency

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Spatial Frequency

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Spatial Frequency

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Spatial Frequency

F(u,v): weighting factor measuring the


relative contribution of the elementary
pattern
(u,v): frequency domain
F(u,v): frequency component of the
transform
|F(u,v)|: frequency spectrum of the transform

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Example 1:

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Example: 2-d box function

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Examples

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Examples

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Example:

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Properties of Fourier transform

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Properties of Fourier transform

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Properties of Fourier transform

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Properties of Fourier transform

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Properties of Fourier transform

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Sampling

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Aliasing

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Sampling Theorem

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Aliasing

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Aliasing

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Aliasing

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