Essential Oil Aniseed

INTRODUCTION
We are all familiar with the pleasant odours coming out from
flowers, spices and many trees. The essence or aromas of
plants are due to volatile oils present in them. These smelling
volatile oils present in plants are called essential oils.
Cinnamon, clove, cumin, eucalyptus, garlic, jasmine,
peppermint, rose, sandalwood, spearmint, thyme, wintergreen
are a few familiar examples of valuable essential oils. The
term “essential oils” literally means “oils derived from the
essence” of plants. Essential oils are mainly used for their
pleasant odours and flavors in perfumes and as flavoring
agents in foods. Some are used in medicines (e.g., camphor,
wintergreen, eucalyptus) others as insect repellants (e.g.,
citronella). Chemically essential oils are composed of
complex mixtures of ester, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes,
ketones and hydrocarbons. They are essentially non-polar
compounds and are thus soluble in non-polar solvents such as
petroleum ether, benzene etc. Essential oils may occur in all
parts of the plant, but they are often concentrated in the seeds
or flowers. They are obtained from the plants by the process
of steam distillation and extraction. The technique of steam
distillation permits the separation of volatile components from
non-volatile materials without raising the temperature of the
distillation above 100° C. Thus steam distillation reduces the
risk of decomposition of essential oils.
Experiment
To extract essential oil present in
 ANISEED OIL (saunf)

ANISEED OIL:
Aniseed, on steam distillation, yields an essential oil, known

as `Oil of Aniseed`, which has now replaced the fruits for
medicinal and flavoring purposes. Aniseed oil is a colorless or
pale-yellow liquid having the characteristic odour and taste of
the fruit. The yield of oil generally varies from 1.9 to 3.1 per
cent. Higher values up to 6 per cent have been reported from
Syrian aniseed. Crushing of fruits prior to distillation gives
better yields of oil. The material should be distilled soon after
the crushing to prevent any loss of oil due to evaporation.
Aniseed oil is a highly refractive liquid, which solidifies on
cooling. The congealing point depends much on the anethole
content and is a valuable criterion for evaluating the oil.
Exposure of the oil to air causes polymerization, and some
oxidation also takes place with the formation of anisaldehyde
and anisic acid. The chief constituent of aniseed oil is
anethole, which is present to the extent of 80 to 90 per cent
and is mainly responsible for the characteristic flavor of the
oil. The oil also contains methyl chavicol , p-methoxyphenyl
acetone, and small amount of terpenes and sulfur containing
compounds of disagreeable odour
USES OF ANISEED OIL:-
Ø In aromatherapy, aniseed essential oil is used to treat colds

and flu.
Ø Aniseed oil can be made into a liquid scent and is used for
both hunting and fishing. It is put on fishing lures to attract
fish.
Ø Anethole, the principal component of anise oil, is a

precursor that can eventually produce 2,5-
dimethoxybenzaldehyde which is can be used in the
clandestine synthesis of psychedelic drugs such as 2C-B, 2C-I
and DOB.
Ø Oil of aniseed is also reported to be used as an aromatic

carminative to relieve flatulence, and as an ingredient of
cough lozenges in combination with liquorice.
Ø Essential oil is also used externally as an insecticide against
small insects such as head lice, mites and vermin. It also has
fungicidal properties.
REQUIREMENTS:
Steam generator (Copper Vessel), round bottom flask (500

ml), conical flask, condenser, glass tubes, iron stand, sand
bath, separatory funnel, tripod stands, burners, Petroleum
ether(60- 80°C), Saunf(Aniseed).
PROCEDURE:
Set the apparatus as shown in the picture of Experimental

Setup. The apparatus consists of a steam generator connected
to the round bottom flask through a glass inlet tube. The flask
is connected to a water condenser through a glass outlet tube.
Condenser is further attached to a receiver through an adaptor.
Take about 750 ml of water in the steam generator and start
heating to produce steam. In the round bottom flask take
about 75 gm of crushed saunf. A vigorous current of steam
from steam generator is passed through the round bottom
flask. A part of the steam condenses in the round bottom
flask. As more and more steam is passed, the steam volatile
components of saunf pass through the condenser along with
steam. These contents on condensation are collected in the
receiver. The contents in the round bottom flask may be
heated by a bunsen burner to prevent excessive condensation
of steam. 16 The process of steam distillation is continued for
about half an hour. Transfer the distillate to a separating
funnel and extract with 20 ml portions of petroleum ether 3
times. Combine the petroleum ether extracts in a 250 ml
conical flask and dry it with the help of anhydrous sodium
sulphate. Remove the solvent from the dried filtrate by careful
distillation in a water bath. The essential oil is left behind in
the distillation flask. Find the weight of the extracted essential
oil. Note the colour, odour and weight of the essential oil.
OBSERVATIONS:
CONCLUSION:
“Hence We Have Extracted Essential Oils From 75 Gm Of

Saunf (Aniseed).
PRECAUTIONS
 If you accidentally spill essential oils – Clean any spillage with an

absorbent material such as kitchen roll.
 If you accidentally get essential oils in your eye – Flush with copious
amounts of MILK for at least 15 minutes and seek medical advice if
symptoms persist.
 If you accidentally swallow essential oils – Rinse mouth with MILK

and seek medical attention.
 Handling – Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling. Respect

good personal hygiene.
 Always mix with carrier oil before applying to the skin. Never apply
to inflamed or broken skin.
 Do not use neat on skin.
 Do not take internally. If pregnant seek medical advice before

using.
 Storage – Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and direct
sunlight. Always use original containers. Avoid contact with polished
surfaces and plastic.

Essential Oil Aniseed

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Essential Oil Aniseed

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Essential Oil Aniseed

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INTRODUCTION

To extract essential oil present in

 ANISEED OIL (saunf)

Aniseed, on steam distillation, yields an essential oil, known

USES OF ANISEED OIL:-

Ø In aromatherapy, aniseed essential oil is used to treat colds

Ø Anethole, the principal component of anise oil, is a

Ø Oil of aniseed is also reported to be used as an aromatic

Steam generator (Copper Vessel), round bottom flask (500

Set the apparatus as shown in the picture of Experimental

“Hence We Have Extracted Essential Oils From 75 Gm Of

 If you accidentally spill essential oils – Clean any spillage with an

 If you accidentally swallow essential oils – Rinse mouth with MILK

 Handling – Do not eat, drink or smoke when handling. Respect

 Do not use neat on skin.

 Do not take internally. If pregnant seek medical advice before

You might also like