Assignment 1

1.
Bandwagoning:
Bandwagoning is a strategy in international relations in which states associate themselves with a
powerful or dominant actor or group. It’s about allying yourself with a stronger party in order to
benefit from their influence and protection. An example of this move would be smaller countries
allied with a superpower during a conflict for guarantees of security and access to resources.
2. Strategic hedging:
Strategic hedging is a concept in international relations in which states adopt a balanced
approach involving multiple actors, both allies and potential rivals, in order to reduce risks and
maximize benefits. It consists in maintaining relationships with the various authorities without
any of the parties being fully involved. An example of strategic cover authorizes a country a
particular controls diplomatic and economic ties with the United States and China in order to
diversify its alliances and avoid over-reliance on a particular or the another.
3. International Order:
International order refers to the structure and organization of the global system that guides
relations between states. It includes the norms, rules, and institutions that govern interactions
between countries and promote stability and cooperation. An example of an international order
is the post-World War II United Nations-based system, where nations work together to maintain
peace, resolve disputes, and address global challenges.
4. Flaws in BoP (Balance of Power):

The balance of power theory holds that states seek to maintain balance by aligning with or
against the power of other states. Rifts in the balance of power can arise when power disparities
are too large, leading to instability or domination by a single great power. For example, if a
country acquires excessive military power and becomes hegemonic, this can upset the balance
and create tension or conflict in the system.
5. Bipolarity:
Bipolar refers to a world system characterized by the dominance of two great powers or blocs.
This usually happens when two superpowers or alliances vie for influence and engage in a rivalry.
The Cold War era, with the United States and the Soviet Union as major powers, is an example of
a bipolar world order.
6. Hard Power:
Rigid force refers to the use of forceful or coercive means, such as military force or economic
sanctions, to influence or achieve desired results in a relationship. International system. It
involves applying tangible resources and capabilities to shape the behavior of other states. An
example of hard power is a country using its military power to intervene in a conflict or impose
economic sanctions to pressure another country.
7. Smart power:
Smart power is a concept that combines both hard power and soft power approaches to achieve
foreign policy goals. It involves using a combination of military force, economic incentives,
diplomacy, and cultural influence to shape the behavior of other nations. Smart Power
recognizes the importance of a multifaceted approach based on both coercion and persuasion
tools. An example of a smart power is one that uses economic aid and cultural diplomacy along
with military deterrence to influence and strengthen alliances.
8. Offshore Balancing:
Foreign balance is a strategy in international relations in which a great power maintains a limited
military presence in areas of strategic importance instead of projecting force. Large quantities on
the ground.The goal is to prevent the rise of a regional hegemon and maintain stability by relying
on local allies and selectively intervening if necessary. The US approach to the Persian Gulf
region, which maintains a naval presence and forms alliances with countries in the region, is an
example of an offshore balance.
9. Buck-Passing:
Delegation is a strategy whereby states attempt to shift the responsibility or burden of resolving
a particular problem or conflict to other actors. This involves avoiding direct involvement or
taking decisive action, often by shifting responsibility to other countries or international
organizations. An example of a redistribution of responsibility is a state that refuses to intervene
in a regional conflict and calls on neighboring states or international organizations to proactively
address the situation.
10. World Order:

World order refers to the dominant arrangement of power, relationships and norms among
nations on a global scale. It represents the distribution of power and the rules or principles that
govern international relations. World order can vary depending on the dominant powers,
institutions and ideologies that shape world politics. For example, the post-World War II world
order was characterized by the United States and the Soviet Union as superpowers and the
division of the world into
Spheres of influence, known as the Cold War.

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4. Flaws in BoP (Balance of Power):

10. World Order:

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