Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr.

Aldemeir Alipio

⮚ Philosophy of Ethics, Morality, Standard Behavior, Values, and

Social Norms.

Philosophy of ethics
The field of ethics, or moral philosophy, investigates theories that can systematically
describe what makes acts right or wrong.

 Philosophy of ethics - Ethics means where it contains, Moral, Value, Integrity and much
more. Ethics is very important because it maintains its good manners or behavior

There are 3 types of philosophy of ethics

Personal Ethics-Ethical personal means a person's appreciation of his or her family or
friends.
Social ethics-This in turn means that a law comes from social values that people have
inherited it is important for a community to prosper.
Conservation ethics-This means that something will be valued and kept by a person, thing
or place. An example of this is love for our family.

Morality
It reflects a person's behavior; it encompasses his or her actions and actions whether good
or bad.

 Morality- the moral beliefs and practices of a culture, community, or religion or a code or
system of moral rules, principles, or values.

Standard
Ethical standards also include those that enjoin virtues of honesty, compassion, and
loyalty. And, ethical standards include standards relating to rights, such as the right to
life, the right to freedom from injury, and the right to privacy.

Behavior
Ethical Behavior involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right
and wrong behavior.

o Examples of ethical behaviors in the workplace includes; obeying the company's

rules, effective communication, taking responsibility, accountability, professionalism,
trust and mutual respect for your colleagues at work.

Values Every professional hence, it demands to specialized knowledge, skill and high
standard ethics and morality.

 Love of god
 Respect of authority
 Respect for women
 Respect for sanctity of marriage
 Stewardship over material things
 Responsible dominion
 Truthfulness.

Social Norms Social norms are unwritten rules of behavior shared by members of a
given group or society. Social norms are the accepted standards of behavior of social groups.
These groups range from friendship and workgroups to nation-state.
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

⮚ Professional Regulation Commission Oath, Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards.

 Professional Regulation Commission Oath (PRC)

Has enacted Resolution No. 2006-313 Series of 2006 for new Filipino professionals (those who have
passed or recently passed board examinations) who left for abroad after taking their board exams in the
Philippines and before the exam result is released and wants to register with the PRC.

Oath Taking refers to the act of subscribing to an oath or pledge to fulfill the duties and responsibilities
incumbent upon a professional.

Oath of professionals, all examinees who passed the licensure examination and those applicants
admitted for registration without licensure examination shall take the Oath of professional prior to the
practice of their profession.

 Code of Professional Conduct and ethical standards

General Principle of Professional Conduct
Professionals are required not only to have an ethical commitment, a personal resolve to act ethically, but
also have both ethical awareness and ethical competency. Ethical awareness refers to the ability to
discern between right and wrong, while ethical competency pertains to the ability to engage in sound
moral reasoning and consider carefully the implications of alternative actions.

Specific Principle of Professional Conduct

1. Service to Others Professionals are committed to a life of service to others. They protect life, property,
and public welfare. To serve others, they shall be prepared for heroic sacrifice and genuine selflessness
in carrying out their professional duties even at the expense of personal gain.

2. Integrity and Objectivity To maintain and broaden public confidence, professionals shall perform their
responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity and imbued with nationalism and spiritual values. In the
performance of any professional service, they shall at all times, main objectivity, be free of conflicts of
interest, and refrain from engaging in any activity that would prejudice their abilities to carry out their
duties ethically. They shall avoid making any representation that would likely cause a reasonable person
to misunderstand or to be deceived.

3. Professional Competence In providing professional services, a certain level of competence is

necessary, i.e., knowledge, technical skills, attitudes, and experience. Professionals shall, therefore,
undertake only those professional services that they can reasonably deliver with professional
competence. Corollary to this, it is their express obligation to keep up with new knowledge and techniques
in their field, continually improve their skills and upgrade their level of competence and take part in a
lifelong continuing education program.

4. Solidarity and Teamwork Each profession shall nurture and support one organization for all its
members. Though a deep spirit of solidarity, each member should put the broader interest of the
profession above one’s personal ambition and preference. Through teamwork within a cohesive
professional organization, each member shall effectively observe ethical practices and pursue continuing
professional development as well as deepen one’s social and civic responsibility.

5. Social and Civic Responsibility

Professionals shall always carry out their professional duties with due consideration of the broader
interest of the public. They shall, therefore, serve their clients/employers and the public’s with professional
concern and in a manner consistent with their responsibilities to society. As responsible Filipino citizens,
they shall actively contribute to the attainment of the country’s national objectives.

6. Global Competitiveness
Every professional shall remain open to challenges of a more dynamic interconnected world. He or she
shall rise up to global standards and maintain levels of professional practices fully aligned with global best
practices.

7. Equality of All Professions

All professionals shall treat their colleagues with respect and shall strive to be fair in their dealings with
one another. No one group of professionals is superior or above others. All professionals perform an
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

equally important, yet distinct, service to society. In the eyes of the PRC, all professions are equal and,
therefore, every one shall treat one other professional with respect and fairness.
⮚ Philippine Registered Criminologists Professional Conduct and
Ethical Standards.
 The Registered Criminologist must be mindful of his special identification by the
public as an upholder of the law. He must never be lax in conduct or manner in
private life, express disrespect for the law, nor seek to gain special privilege that
would be reflective upon the profession.

 Professional ethics are principles that govern the behavior of a person or group in a
business environment. Like values, professional ethics provide rules on how a
person should act towards other people and institutions in such an environment.

 Professional ethics is important because it indicates to professional a series of rules

related to the way professional acts towards the people with whom she/he relates
professionally. From philosophical point view, ethics has to do with morality and win
the way people act in the sense of goodness or badness.

 Professional conduct is the field of regulation of members of professional bodies,

either acting under statuary or contractual powers. Historically, professional conduct
was wholly undertaken by the private professional bodies, the sole legal authority for
which was of a contractual nature.

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⮚ Oath of Office for Public Officers and Employees, and Code of

Conduct and Ethical Standards among Government Officials and
Employees.
Public officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the people and shall
discharge their duties with utmost responsibility, integrity, competence, and loyalty, act
with patriotism and justice, lead modest lives, and uphold public interest over personal
interest.

Ethics help officials make better decisions in the public interest and help people
evaluate the decisions taken their behalf by public officials. Public accountability
ensures that officials are openly answerable for the decisions they are taking on behalf
of the public.

Public officials includes elective and appointive officials and employees, permanent or
temporary, whether in the career or non-career service, including military and police
personnel, whether or not they receive compensation, regardless of amount.
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

Public officials and employees shall remain true to the people at all times. They must
act with justness and sincerity and shall not discriminate against anyone, specially the
poor and the under privileged.

⮚ Law Enforcement Code of Ethics.

As a law enforcement officer, my fundamental duty is to serve the community; to

safeguard lives and property; to protect the innocent against deception, the weak
against oppression or intimidation and the peaceful against violence or disorder; and to
respect the constitutional rights of all to liberty, equality, and justice.

I will keep my private life unsullied as an example to all and will behave in a manner that
does not bring discredit to me or to my agency. I will maintain courageous calm in the
face of danger, scorn or ridicule; develop self-restraint; and be constantly mindful of the
welfare of others. Honest in thought and deed both in my personal and official life, I will
be exemplary in obeying the law and the regulations of my department. Whatever I see
or hear of a confidential nature or that is confided to me in my official capacity will be
kept ever secret unless revelation is necessary in the performance of my duty.

I will never act officiously or permit personal feelings, prejudices, political beliefs,
aspirations, animosities or friendships to influence my decisions. With no compromise
for crime and with relentless prosecution of criminals, I will enforce the law courteously
and appropriately without fear or favor, malice or ill will, never employing unnecessary
force or violence and never accepting gratuities.

I recognize the badge of my office as a symbol of public faith, and I accept it as a public
trust to be held so long as I am true to the ethics of police service. I will never engage in
acts of corruption or bribery, nor will I condone such acts by other police officers. I will
cooperate with all legally authorized agencies and their representatives in the pursuit of
justice.

I know that I alone am responsible for my own standard of professional performance

and will take every reasonable opportunity to enhance and improve my level of
knowledge and competence.

I will constantly strive to achieve these objectives and ideals, dedicating myself before
God to my chosen profession… law enforcement.

What is the importance of law enforcement code of ethics?

Importance of Ethics in Law Enforcement Ethics in Law Enforcement is extremely
important. The public puts their trust in to law enforcement agencies to be able to
perform their jobs in a responsible, ethical and effective way. This is essential to
effective crime control and policing communities.
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

⮚ Academic Ethics and Integrity.

As an institution of higher learning, Rio Salado College promotes the principles of
Academic Integrity with its associated ethics and values, namely: Honesty, Trust,
Fairness, Respect, and Personal Responsibility. It is the duty of all stakeholders--
including students, faculty, employees, and partners--to support the principles of
Academic Integrity and incorporate them into all aspects of our mission.

What is academic ethics and integrity?

Academic integrity is: 'the expectation that teachers, students, researchers and all
members of the academic community act with: honesty, trust, fairness, respect and
responsibility. ‘Breaching academic integrity is also known as 'academic misconduct' or
'academic dishonesty'

What is the significance of academic ethics and integrity as a student?

Academic integrity allows students and staff the freedom to build new ideas, knowledge
and creative works while respecting and acknowledging the work of others. The
University will respond to academic misconduct in a fair, consistent, transparent and
timely manner.

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⮚ Proper Decorum or Polite Behavior, and Etiquette or Polite
Conduct in Government and Private sector.
Decorum is a proper and polite behavior. It help us show respect and consideration to
others and make others glad that we are with them. Without proper manners and
etiquette, the customs of polite society would soon disappear and we would act more
like animals and less like people. Aggressiveness and an “every man for himself”
attitude would take the end.

What it means to be polite:

Learn to listen attentively

Apologize for mistakes

Wait for your turn to speak

Be mindful of your tone of voice and body language

Etiquetteis a customary code which indicates the proper and polite way to behave in
society. Etiquette is the set of conventional rules of personal behavior in polite society,
usually in the form of an ethical code that delineates the expected and accepted social
behaviors that accord with the conventions and norms observed by a society, a social
class, or a social group. And also etiquette refers to behaving in a socially responsible
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

way. Refers to guidelines which control the way a responsible individual should behave
in the society.

The private sector is the engine growth. Government plays a central role in supporting
economic growth and reducing poverty. It needs to provide good policy, strong
institutions and efficient public goods and service to ensure the private sector can thrive
and benefits of growth each all citizens. Governments can subsidies through taxing the
public and providing the money to a business, or tariffs by charging taxes on imported
goods to increase costs and make domestic goods more appealing.

____________________________________________________
⮚ Etiquette in Private and Professional dealings.
Etiquette refers to good manners required by an individual to find a place in the society and
gain respect and appreciation from others.

Individuals working in organizations to earn a living for themselves are called employees. It
pays to be a little mature and sensible at the workplace. Avoid being too casual.

 Respect your organization to expect the same in return. Don’t treat your organization
as a mere source of earning money. Remember your organization is paying you for
your hard work and not for gossiping and loitering around.
 Reach office on time. If your office timing is 9 AM, make sure you are there at 8.50
AM. It is essential to be disciplined at the workplace.
 Leave all your personal problems out the moment you step in the office. It is
unprofessional to mix personal and professional life. Keep them separate.
 Greet your fellow workers with a smile.
 Follow the professional dress code. Never wear anything which shows much of
your skin. Avoid wearing jeans, capris, T shirts, shorts etc to work. Female
employees should not wear revealing dresses or deep neck blouses to work.
 Never ever enter office under the influence of alcohol. It is an offence.
 As a responsible employee you have no rights to share confidential information with
any of the external parties under any circumstances. Data in any form must not be
leaked to anyone who bears no relation with the organization.
 Keep your cell phones in the silent mode to avoid disturbing others sitting
around you. Loud ring tones at the workplace are a strict no no. Avoid long personal
calls during office hours. Wearing ear buds at the workplace is unacceptable.
 Keep your workstation free of unwanted documents and files. Avoid having lunch at
your desk. It creates mess.
 Learn to own your mistakes. Stick to your statements. Stay away from blame
games and nasty politics at the workplace. Remember conflicts and
misunderstandings lead you nowhere. It is always better to discuss issues face to
face and reach to a mutually acceptable solution.
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

 While communicating through emails, make sure your boss is in the loop. It is foolish
to hide things from him. Master the art of writing emails. Emails must be self
explanatory and a clear reflection of one’s thoughts.
 Respect your fellow workers. Help them whenever required. Never give them
wrong suggestions.
 Treat all your fellow workers as one irrespective of their education and designation in
the organization. Female employees must be treated with respect and dignity.
 Never take undue advantage of your position. Do not ask for personal favours
from your subordinates. Too much of friendship at the workplace is bad.
 Respect each other’s privacy. Do not open envelopes not meant for you. It is bad
manners to read your colleague’s email or check his messages.
 Stay away from controversies. Do not spread rumours around. It is strictly
unprofessional
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⮚ Human Relations
What is human relations ethics?
Ethics in HR means helping an organisation embed and uphold its values at all levels in
order to maintain and increase trust. Accountability, or taking responsibility, plays a key
part

What is an example of human relations?

Examples of human relations goals might include fostering pleasant workplace
relationships, providing support for employees facing challenges and celebrating
employees' successes

What are the important aspects of ethics based on human relations?

In addition ethics is important because of the following: Satisfying Basic Human Needs:
Being fair, honest and ethical is one the basic human needs. Every employee desires to
be such himself and to work for an organization that is fair and ethical in its practices.

Ethics in human relations is an aspect of the study of ethics that deals with the way
people interact or should interact with one another. The importance of the role played
by ethics in human relations in an individual’s personal and public life cannot be
understated. For example, ethical issues arise in the context of workplace
relationships, family relationships, friendships, sexuality, etc. Thus, there are
determinants and consequences of ethics in human relations. This essay will discuss
both determinants and consequences of ethics in human relations.
Human Relations:
Human relations is the study of interactions between human beings. It can be applied
to a variety of disciplines, such as organizational behavior, sociology, psychology,
marketing, and others. In organizations, for example, it refers to the study of how
employees interact with each other daily. The field also examines how management
interacts with employees and how those interactions affect productivity. Many
determinants influence ethics in human relations including personality, culture,
Omayan, Klinmae CN: 3297 Prelim 2nd Assignment and Activities Instructor: Mr. Aldemeir Alipio

values, leadership style and more. Some consequences of ethics include work
engagement/satisfaction levels, job satisfaction levels, absenteeism levels etc.
Ethics in Human Relations:
Ethics in Human Relations is the study of moral principles, values, or norms that
govern human behavior in a work environment. Ethical dilemmas often arise when
employees are faced with choices between what is right and wrong, or between their
own self-interests and those of others. An employee may choose to engage in
unethical behavior to meet their personal needs but could also be pressured by
supervisors or coworkers to do so. There are many reasons why someone might
commit an act which would be considered unethical. Some people knowingly commit
an act which would be considered unethical because they have been taught that it is
permissible, or because they believe it benefits themselves more than anyone else.
Others might not realize the consequences of their actions until after committing them
and come to regret them afterwards
.