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Proposition - Notes

A proposition is a statement that is either true or false. It has a truth value of either True (T) or False (F). A simple proposition cannot be broken down further, while a compound proposition combines simpler statements using logical connectors like "and", "or", "if", "then". The document provides examples of simple and compound propositions and determines their truth values.

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Fionah Elarcosa
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135 views

Proposition - Notes

A proposition is a statement that is either true or false. It has a truth value of either True (T) or False (F). A simple proposition cannot be broken down further, while a compound proposition combines simpler statements using logical connectors like "and", "or", "if", "then". The document provides examples of simple and compound propositions and determines their truth values.

Uploaded by

Fionah Elarcosa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROPOSITION

Proposition (p) is a declarative sentence that is either true or false, but not both.
If a proposition is TRUE, then its truth value is TRUE which is denoted by T.
If a proposition is FALSE, then its truth value is FALSE which is denoted by F.

Example:
Determine whether each of the following statements is a proposition or not. If it is a proposition, give its
truth value.
1. p: Visayas is an island in the Philippines.
Answer: p is a TRUE proposition.
2. q: Find a number which divides your age.
Answer: q is NOT a proposition. (It is an imperative sentence)
3. r: My seatmate will get a perfect score in the logic exam.
Answer: r is a proposition. (It is a proposition because the statement is a declarative sentence but
we can’t tell yet its truth value because it needs a result from the exam)
4. s: Welcome to the Philippines!
Answer: s is NOT a proposition. (It is an exclamatory sentence)
5. t: 3 + 2 = 5
Answer: t is a TRUE proposition. (The sum of 3 and 2 is really 5)
6. u: What is the domain of the function?
Answer: u is NOT a proposition. (It is an interrogative sentence)
7. v: I am lying.
Answer: v is NOT a proposition. (Even if the statement is a declarative sentence, it can neither be
true nor false.)
8. w: Either logic is fun and interesting or it is boring.
Answer: w is a TRUE proposition.
9. x: If you are a Grade 11 student, then you are a Filipino.
Answer: x is a FALSE proposition. (Not all Grade 11 students are Filipino)

*** Note: Not all Declarative sentence is a proposition. ***

PROPOSITION

Compound Proposition
Simple Proposition
is a proposition form form simplier
a proposition is simple if it cannot
propositions using logical
be broken down any further into
connectors (not, and, or, if, &
other component propositions.
then)

Numbers 1, 3 and 5 are examples of SP. Numbers 8 & 9 are example of CP.
#8. w: Either logic is fun and interesting or it is boring.
-This statement can be broken down into 3 simple
component.
Simple Component:
w 1 : Logic is fun .
w 2 : Logic is interesting.
w 3 : Logic is boring .

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