Edc Diploma Exam Biology30 Released Materials 2021

ALBERTA EDUCATION
Released Items
Biology 30
Diploma Examinations Program 2021
This document was written primarily for:
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Alberta Education, Government of Alberta
2020–2021
Biology 30 Released Items
Distribution: This document is posted on the Alberta Education website.
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the Minister of Education, Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment,
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for educational purposes and on a non-profit basis, parts of this
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Excerpted material in this document shall not be reproduced without

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applicable).
Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 1
Additional Documents..................................................................................................................... 1
Biology 30 August 2021 Diploma Examination: Blueprint Summary.......................................... 2
Biology 30 August 2021 Diploma Examination: Released Items................................................ 5
Please note that if you cannot access one of the direct website links referred to in this document,
you can find diploma examination-related materials on the Alberta Education website.
Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment
Introduction
The questions in this document are from the Biology 30 August 2021 Diploma Examination. This
material, along with the program of studies, Biology 30 Information Bulletin, Biology 30 Archived
Bulletin, and Biology 30 Student-based Performance Standards, can assist teachers with
instructional programming.
For further information, contact
Shannon Mitchell, Biology 30 Exam Manager, at

[email protected], or
Tracy Onuczko, Biology 30 Examiner, at

[email protected], or
Deanna Shostak, Director of Diploma Programs, at

780-422-5160, or
[email protected]
Provincial Assessment at 780-427-0010

To call toll-free from outside Edmonton, dial 310-0000.
Additional Documents
Provincial Assessment supports the instruction of Biology 30 in classrooms with the following
documents available online:
• Biology 30 Information Bulletin
• Biology 30 Archived Information Bulletin
• Biology 30 Student-based Performance Standards
• Biology 30 Assessment Exemplars
• School Reports and Instructional Group Reports
Detailed statistical information is provided on provincial, group, and individual student

performance on January and June diploma examinations.
• The Biology 30 Practice Tests contain questions from some previous diploma examinations
that have been released and some practice questions.
Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 1

Biology 30 August 2021 Diploma
Examination: Blueprint Summary
Key: MC—Multiple Choice; NR—Numerical Response
RU—Remembering/Understanding; A—Applying; HMA—Higher Mental Activities
Keyed Cognitive
Question Answer(s) Outcome Level Diff.*
MC1 C A1.1k, A1.2k RU 0.709
MC2 A A1.1k RU 0.751
MC3 D A1.2k RU 0.813
MC4 B A1.1k, A1.3sts A 0.596
NR1 1324 A1.3k RU 0.610
MC5 B A1.2k, A2.2k, A1.3sts A 0.723
MC6 C A1.4k, A1.2s RU 0.659
MC7 A A1.5k RU 0.723
MC8 B A2.1k, A2.2k A 0.742
MC9 A A2.2k, A2.4k A 0.524
MC10 D A2.3k, A2.1sts A 0.766
MC11 D A2.4k, A2.2k, A2.3k A 0.660
MC12 B A2.3k, A2.2k A 0.793
MC13 A A2.2k, A2.3k A 0.625
MC14 A A2.2k, A2.6k A 0.467
NR2 5413, 5412 B1.2k, B1.2s RU 0.639
MC15 D B1.3k, B1.2k, B1.2s A 0.544
MC16 A B2.3k, B2.1k RU 0.748
MC17 D B2.3k, B1.2k, B2.1k, A 0.540

B2.1sts
*Difficulty — proportion of students answering the question correctly.
2 Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment

Keyed Cognitive
MC18 B B1.1k, B1.5k, B1.2s A 0.792
MC19 A B1.3k, B2.1k, B2.2k, B2.2s A 0.397
NR3 1324 B2.2k, B2.1k RU 0.451
MC20 B B2.1k, B3.5k, B3.1sts RU 0.702
MC21 B B3.2k, B3.5k, B3.1k, RU 0.604

B3.1sts
MC22 A B3.2k, C1.1k, C1.4k A 0.671
MC23 C B3.3k RU 0.452
NR4 4312 B3.2k, B3.2sts HMA 0.787
MC24 D C1.1k A 0.468
MC25 C C1.3k A 0.751
NR5 1342 C1.2k RU 0.552
MC26 C C1.2k, C1.1sts A 0.673
MC27 B C1.3k, C1.4k, C1.5k, C1.2k A 0.723
MC28 C C1.3k, C1.1k, C1.2s HMA 0.447
NR6 2311 C1.7k, C1.4k, C1.2s HMA 0.632
MC29 A C1.4k, C1.2s HMA 0.358
MC30 C C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.754
MC31 C C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.652
MC32 D C2.5k, C2.3s HMA 0.587
NR7 0.50 C2.5k, C2.3s A 0.761
NR8 1010, 8080 C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.569

Keyed Cognitive
MC33 D C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.635
MC34 A C2.2k, C2.3s HMA 0.614
MC35 C C2.2k, C2.3s HMA 0.622
NR9 2314, 4132 C2.3k, C2.3s A 0.726
NR10 234 C3.1k, C2.1k, C2.5k A 0.609

(any order)
MC36 C C3.2k, C3.3k, C3.2s A 0.704
MC37 B C3.3k, C3.2s A 0.759
NR11 6384 C3.3k, C3.2s RU 0.763
MC38 B C3.4k, C3.2sts RU 0.721
MC39 A C3.6k, C3.3k, C3.2s A 0.438
MC40 C D1.4k, C3.7k HMA 0.658
MC41 D D1.3k, D1.3s A 0.694
NR12 2.47 D1.3k, D1.3s A 0.426
MC42 D D1.2k, D1.2sts A 0.825
MC43 C D2.1k, D2.3s A 0.480
MC44 A D2.3k A 0.643
MC45 A D3.1k A 0.629
MC46 D D3.2k, D3.3s A 0.547
MC47 B D3.3k, D3.3s RU 0.573
MC48 B D3.4k, D3.2k A 0.642

Biology 30 August 2021 Diploma
Examination: Released Items
Use the following information to answer question 1.
The detection of an odour stimulates sensory neurons to send impulses to the brain.
1. Which of the following rows identifies the part of a sensory neuron first stimulated by
an odour and the part of the brain that receives the impulse from the sensory neuron?
Row Part of Sensory Neuron Part of the Brain

A. Axon Cerebrum
B. Axon Cerebellum
C. Dendrite Cerebrum
D. Dendrite Cerebellum
2. The detection of an odour stimulates action potentials in the neurons of a person when
A. sodium channels open and the inside of the neuron becomes more positive relative to
the outside
B. sodium channels open and the outside of the neuron becomes more positive relative
to the inside
C. potassium channels open and the inside of the neuron becomes more positive relative
to the outside
D. potassium channels open and the outside of the neuron becomes more positive
relative to the inside

Researchers have studied the brain activity of people who lost their vision during
childhood. They found that in these people, the area of the brain that was once used mainly
for vision is now used to help determine the location of nearby sounds.
Gougoux, Frédéric, Robert J. Zatorre, Maryse Lassonde, Patrice Voss, and Franco Lepore. 2005. A functional neuroimaging study of
sound localization: Visual cortex activity predicts performance in early-blind individuals. PLOS Biology 3, no. 2 (February): 324–33.
doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0030027.
3. The two lobes of the brain that perform an auditory function in people who lost their vision
during childhood are most likely the
A. frontal lobe and parietal lobe

B. frontal lobe and occipital lobe
C. temporal lobe and parietal lobe
D. temporal lobe and occipital lobe

Congenital myasthenia gravis (MG) is a genetic disorder that affects dogs of some breeds.
This disorder is caused by a reduced number of acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle
cells. Congenital MG is treated with a drug that inhibits the action of cholinesterase.
4. One effect of the drug that treats congenital MG is expected to be that
A. acetylcholine will be broken down at an increased rate

B. acetylcholine will remain active for a longer period of time
C. the amount of acetylcholine released by the neuron will increase
D. the number of acetylcholine receptors on the muscle cell will increase
Use the following information to answer numerical-response question 1.
Some Events Involved in Nerve Impulse Transmission in a Reflex Arc
1 Stimulation of a sensory receptor

2 Conduction of an action potential along a motor neuron
3 Diffusion of sodium ions across the cell membrane of a sensory neuron
4 Release of neurotransmitters into the synapse between a neuron and an effector
Numerical Response
1. The order in which the events involved in nerve impulse transmission in a reflex arc occur
is _____, _____, _____, and _____.
(Record all four digits of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition that can occur in people who have
survived accidents or other traumatic events. A drug known as propranolol blocks the action
of epinephrine and is being investigated as a treatment for PTSD.
5. Propranolol is expected to help a person with PTSD manage symptoms by
A. increasing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system

B. decreasing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system
C. increasing the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system
D. decreasing the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system
Some eye diseases result in the overgrowth of blood vessels in a tissue layer at the back of
the eye. Fluid leaks from the blood vessels and accumulates, resulting in the scarring of the
fovea and a severe loss of vision.
The Human Eye
6. In the diagram above, the structure that is scarred by the accumulation of fluid is numbered
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Scientists used gene therapy to reverse permanent deafness in guinea pigs. They inserted a
gene known as Atoh1 into genetic material of cells in the guinea pigs’ cochleas, where the
gene stimulated the regeneration of hair cells. A guinea pig’s ear is similar in structure and
function to a human ear.
Izumikawa, Masahiko, Ryosei Minoda, Kohei Kawamoto, Karen A. Abrashkin, Donald L. Swiderski, David F. Dolan, Douglas E.
Brough, and Yehoash Raphael. 2005. Auditory hair cell replacement and hearing improvement by Atoh1 gene therapy in deaf mammals.
Nature Medicine 11, no. 3 (March): 271–76. doi:10.1038/nm1193.
7. The part of the ear in which hair cells were regenerated is the
A. organ of Corti
B. auditory nerve
C. Eustachian tube
D. semicircular canal

Research has shown that children who live in a noisy neighbourhood are more likely to
exhibit signs of stress than children who live in a quiet neighbourhood.
Lercher, Peter, Alex Eisenmann, Luc Dekoninck, Dick Botteldooren, Ulrich Widmann, and Gary Evans. 2013. Noise exposure and health
effects in children: Results from a contextual soundscape perspective. AIA-DAGA 2013, International Conference on Acoustics,
Merano, March 18–21, 2013, 1465–68.
Some Endocrine Glands
8. In the diagram above, the glands that are more active in children who live in a noisy
neighbourhood are numbered
A. 1 and 2
B. 1 and 3
C. 2 and 4
D. 3 and 4

Calcium Metabolism
9. Which of the following rows identifies the gland and the hormone in the diagram above
when the initial blood-calcium level is low?
Row Gland Hormone

A. Parathyroid gland PTH
B. Parathyroid gland Calcitonin
C. Thyroid gland PTH
D. Thyroid gland Calcitonin
Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive secretion of thyroxine.

Thyroxine levels in cats that have hyperthyroidism can be decreased safely and effectively
by feeding the cats a special diet. The regulation and function of thyroxine is similar in cats
and humans.
Melendez, L. M., R. M. Yamka, S. D. Forrester, and P. A. Burris. 2011. Abstract EN-16, Titration of dietary iodine for reducing serum
thyroxine concentrations in newly diagnosed hyperthyroid cats. Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum, Denver,
Colorado, June 15–18, 2011. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 25, no. 3 (May/June): 683.
10. Which of the following rows describes symptoms expected in a cat with hyperthyroidism
before treatment and explains why the symptoms are expected?
Row Symptoms Explanation

A. Decreased appetite and weight gain A higher-than-normal level of
thyroxine decreases metabolic rate.
B. Decreased appetite and weight gain A higher-than-normal level of
thyroxine increases metabolic rate.
C. Increased appetite and weight loss A higher-than-normal level of
thyroxine decreases metabolic rate.
D. Increased appetite and weight loss A higher-than-normal level of
thyroxine increases metabolic rate.

Use the following information to answer questions 11 and 12.
The world’s tallest man is 8 feet, 3 inches tall. For the first 10 years of his life, the man’s
level of hGH was normal; however, at the age of 10, a tumour developed in his pituitary
gland, resulting in abnormally high hGH levels for approximately 15 years until the tumour
was removed.
Guinness World Records. 2011. Tallest man: Living. Guinness World Records, February 8. www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-
records/tallest-man-living.
Cockcroft, Lucy. 2009. Sultan Kosen is world’s tallest man at 8ft 1 in. Telegraph, September 17. www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/
howabouthat/6199739/Sultan-Kosen-is-worlds-tallest-man-at-8ft-1in.html.
11. Which of the following statements describes a feedback mechanism that accounts for the
man’s excessive height?
A. Positive feedback occurred, during which high levels of hGH stimulated the secretion
of more hGH.
B. Negative feedback occurred, during which high levels of hGH inhibited the secretion
of hGH.
C. Positive feedback did not occur, and therefore high levels of hGH did not inhibit the
secretion of more hGH.
D. Negative feedback did not occur, and therefore high levels of hGH did not inhibit the
secretion of more hGH.
Use the following additional information to answer question 12.
Because of his excessive growth, the man is expected to have a high level of a protein
known as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in his blood. IGF-1 has a similar function to
insulin.
12. If the man has a high level of IGF-1 in his blood, then his blood-glucose level is
expected to be
A. lower than normal because IGF-1 decreases blood-insulin level

B. lower than normal because IGF-1 decreases blood-glucose level
C. higher than normal because IGF-1 increases blood-insulin level
D. higher than normal because IGF-1 increases blood-glucose level

The prairie vole, Microtus ochrogaster, is a rodent that mates exclusively with one partner.
Bonding between mating partners is associated with aggression against other voles.
Researchers investigated the role of ADH in the mating behaviours of prairie voles. The
researchers concluded that in prairie voles, bonding with a mating partner and aggressive
behaviour are associated with high levels of ADH. The structure and function of ADH are
similar in voles and humans.
Winslow, James T., Nick Hastings, C. Sue Carter, Carroll R. Harbaugh, and Thomas R. Insel. 1993. A role for central vasopressin in pair
bonding in monogamous prairie voles. Nature 365, no. 6446 (October 7): 545–48. doi:10.1038/365545a0.
13. Prairie voles that exhibit aggression when bonding with a mating partner are also expected
to have
A. decreased urine output

B. increased blood-sodium levels
C. increased blood-glucose levels
D. decreased calcium reabsorption

Tumours in the adrenal gland affect hormone secretions from the adrenal gland, which can
result in disorders such as Conn syndrome or pheochromocytoma.
Conn syndrome is characterized by a higher-than-normal level of the hormone that

stimulates sodium reabsorption.
Pheochromocytoma is characterized by a higher-than-normal level of the hormone involved

in the short-term stress response.
14. Which of the following rows describes a symptom expected to be found in a person with
Conn syndrome and a symptom expected to be found in a person with pheochromocytoma?
Symptom of
Row Symptom of Conn Syndrome Pheochromocytoma
A. Elevated blood pressure Increased conversion of
glycogen to glucose
B. Elevated blood pressure Increased conversion of amino
acids to glucose
C. Excessive urine production Increased conversion of
glycogen to glucose
D. Excessive urine production Increased conversion of amino
acids to glucose

Structures of the Human Reproductive System
Numerical Response
2. Match four of the structures of the human reproductive system numbered above with their
functions given below. (There is more than one correct answer.)
Structure: __________ __________ __________ __________
Function: Spermatogenesis Maturation Production of Production
of sperm fructose of alkaline
buffer

Cross Section of Human Reproductive Tissue
15. Which of the following rows identifies Structure I and describes its normal function?
Row Structure I Function

A. Mature follicle Secretion of gonadotropins
B. Mature follicle Production of gametes
C. Seminiferous tubule Secretion of gonadotropins
D. Seminiferous tubule Production of gametes

16. Which of the following rows identifies a hormone imbalance and describes an effect of the
hormone imbalance?
Row Possible Hormone Imbalance Effect

A. A decrease in blood FSH levels Decreased sperm production
B. A decrease in blood FSH levels Decreased testosterone production
C. An increase in blood GnRH levels Decreased sperm production
D. An increase in blood GnRH levels Decreased testosterone production
Puberty blockers are drugs that are sometimes given to children who have entered puberty
at an unusually early age. They act directly on the pituitary gland to block the release of
reproductive hormones from the pituitary gland.
17. An expected effect of puberty blockers on the human reproductive system is a decrease in
A. GnRH, which leads to decreased stimulation of Sertoli cells

B. GnRH, which leads to decreased stimulation of interstitial cells
C. LH, which leads to decreased stimulation of Sertoli cells
D. LH, which leads to decreased stimulation of interstitial cells

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia

trachomatis, which infects the endometrium. Permanent inflammation that results from this
infection can cause ectopic pregnancies, which occur when an embryo implants outside its
natural location, typically in the Fallopian tube.
The Human Reproductive System
18. Which of the following rows identifies the location where an ectopic pregnancy typically
occurs and describes an effect of a C. trachomatis infection?
Effect of a
Row Location of Ectopic Pregnancy C. trachomatis Infection
A. 1 Decreases hormone production
by the follicle
B. 1 Decreases nutrients available to
the growing embryo
C. 2 Decreases hormone production
by the follicle
D. 2 Decreases nutrients available to
the growing embryo

Inhibin B is a hormone produced and released by ovarian follicles in response to FSH

secretions.
A Model of an Ovary
19. Which of the following rows identifies the structure that produces inhibin B and the
expected hormone level of inhibin B during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
Structure That Expected Hormone Level of

Row Produces Inhibin B Inhibin B During the Luteal Phase
A. 1 Low
B. 1 High
C. 2 Low
D. 2 High

Some Events in the Menstrual Cycle
1 FSH is secreted.
2 Ovulation occurs.
3 LH secretion reaches its highest level.
4 Progesterone secretion reaches its highest level.
Numerical Response
3. Beginning at the start of the flow phase, the sequence in which the events in the menstrual
cycle listed above occur is _____, _____, _____, and _____.
20. The hormone that is administered to stimulate the development of multiple ova prior to in
vitro fertilization is most likely
A. LH
B. FSH
C. estrogen
D. progesterone
Ova that are fertilized by in vitro fertilization are allowed to undergo cell division for
approximately three to five days before they are transferred into a person and implantation
takes place.
21. The hormone that is secreted by the implanted structure during the first trimester of
pregnancy is
A. LH
B. hCG
C. estrogen
D. progesterone

Following fertilization, the level of nitric oxide increases in a zygote. Following the
increase in nitric oxide, the concentration of calcium ions increases, which promotes the
division and development of the zygote.
22. Increased concentration of calcium ions in a zygote stimulates
A. mitotic divisions of a diploid cell

B. mitotic divisions of a haploid cell
C. meiotic divisions of a diploid cell
D. meiotic divisions of a haploid cell
23. Which of the following rows matches an embryonic germ layer with a structure that arises
from it?
Row Embryonic Germ Layer Structure

A. Mesoderm Nervous system
B. Mesoderm Lining of the digestive system
C. Ectoderm Nervous system
D. Ectoderm Lining of the digestive system

Amniotic stem cells are fetal cells that can be removed from amniotic fluid and then grown
in a lab to produce specific types of cells. Embryonic stem cells are cells that can be
removed from an embryo and then grown in a lab to produce specific types of cells.
Some Statements Related to Stem Cells
1 Governments may restrict funding for stem cell research.

2 Amniotic stem cells and embryonic stem cells are grown in cultures in a lab.
3 More than 4 500 Canadians are currently waiting for an organ transplant.
Researchers are hopeful that certain organs may be grown from stem cells in the
future.
4 The use of amniotic fluid stem cells is not as controversial as the use of embryonic
stem cells. Some people disapprove of the use of embryonic stem cells because it
involves destruction of the embryo from which the cells are taken.
Numerical Response
4. Match each statement related to stem cells numbered above with the consideration that
best describes it given below. (Use each number only once.)
Number: __________ __________ __________ __________
Consideration: Ethical Societal Economic Technological

Scientists sequenced the genome of Gallus gallus, the red jungle fowl, which is an ancestor
of the domestic chicken. The red jungle fowl has 38 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex
chromosomes. The sex chromosomes in a female bird are ZW, whereas the sex
chromosomes in a male bird are ZZ.
International Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium. 2004. Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique
perspectives on vertebrate evolution. Nature 432, no. 7018 (December 9): 695–716. doi:10.1038/nature03154.
24. The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell of a red jungle fowl is
A. n = 38
B. n = 39
C. 2n = 76
D. 2n = 78
25. Homologous sex chromosomes are found in both a
A. male red jungle fowl and a genotypically male human

B. female red jungle fowl and a genotypically male human
C. male red jungle fowl and a genotypically female human
D. female red jungle fowl and a genotypically female human
Some Events in Mitosis of Human Cells
1 The mitotic spindle forms.

2 The nuclear membrane forms.
3 Chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate.
4 Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles of the cell.
Numerical Response
5. The order in which the events in mitosis listed above occur

is _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Chemotherapy drugs known as anthracyclines interfere with an enzyme involved in DNA

replication.
26. The phase of the cell cycle in which anthracyclines affect cancer cells is
A. prophase
B. anaphase
C. interphase
D. metaphase
People with Turner syndrome have only one sex chromosome, an X chromosome.
27. The process that causes a person to have only one sex chromosome occurs during
A. telophase of meiosis
B. anaphase of meiosis
C. telophase of mitosis
D. anaphase of mitosis

At a certain point during the development of an ovum in an animal, cell division stops and
will resume only when a sperm enters the ovum’s outer layers. The phase of the cell cycle
in which cell division stops is metaphase II.
28. Which of the following diagrams illustrates the phase in which cell division stops during
the development of an ovum in a theoretical animal in which 2n = 4?

Use the following information to answer numerical-response question 6 and question 29.
Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which females produce offspring

without fertilization by males. A female Komodo dragon in a zoo that had not been in
contact with a male Komodo dragon laid diploid eggs, which hatched into offspring. Some
scientists believe that each laid egg was produced when an ovum fused with a polar body.
Watts, Phillip C., Kevin R. Buley, Stephanie Sanderson, Wayne Boardman, Claudio Ciofi, and Richard Gibson. 2006. Parthenogenesis
in Komodo dragons. Nature 444, no. 7122 (December 21): 1021–22. doi:10.1038/4441021a.
Parthenogenesis in a Komodo Dragon
Events
1 Mitosis
2 Meiosis
3 Fusion
Note: Fusion is a process similar to fertilization.

Numerical Response
6. Match the events numbered in the list with the processes given below that occur during
parthenogenesis in a Komodo dragon. (A number may be used more than once.)
Number: __________ __________ __________ __________

Process: Process W Process X Process Y Process Z
Other scientists believe that the eggs laid by the Komodo dragon were produced by another
type of asexual reproduction in which an ovum divides and then the two resulting daughter
cells fuse.
Dawkins, Richard. 2006. The Komodo dragon’s tale. The Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science, December 21.
richarddawkins.net/articles/452.
29. Which of the following rows identifies the process by which the ovum divides during the
type of asexual reproduction described above and describes the daughter cells produced?
Process by Which the

Row Ovum Divides Daughter Cells Produced
A. Mitosis Genetically identical to the ovum
B. Mitosis Genetically identical to the Komodo dragon
that produced the ovum
C. Meiosis Genetically different from the ovum
D. Meiosis Genetically different from the Komodo dragon
that produced the ovum

An autosomal recessive disorder that exists in some chicken breeds causes affected
chickens to have epileptic seizures.
30. The probability that the offspring of two heterozygous chickens will not be affected with
epileptic seizures is
A. 0.25
B. 0.50
C. 0.75
D. 1.00
Neurofibromatosis type 2 is an autosomal dominant condition caused by a mutation in the

NF2 gene. A woman with a single mutated NF2 allele and a man who does not have
neurofibromatosis type 2 have a child.
U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2016. Health conditions: Neurofibromatosis type 2. Genetics Home Reference. ghr.nlm.nih.gov/
condition/neurofibromatosis-type-2.
31. What is the phenotypic ratio expected in the offspring of the woman and the man?
A. All affected
B. 1 affected: 3 unaffected
C. 1 affected: 1 unaffected
D. 3 affected: 1 unaffected

Use the following information to answer question 32 and numerical-response question 7.
Red–green colour‑blindness is an X‑linked recessive disorder.
Pedigree Illustrating the Inheritance of Red–Green Colour‑blindness
32. Which of the following rows describes the inheritance of the alleles for red–green
colour‑blindness in individuals III-2 and III-8?
Row III-2 III-8

A. From the father From the father
B. From the father From both parents
C. From the mother From the father
D. From the mother From both parents
Numerical Response
7. If individuals II-5 and II-6 have another child, what is the probability that this child will
have red–green colour-blindness?
Answer: __________
(Record your answer as a value between 0 and 1 rounded to two decimal places in the
numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

The inheritance of skin colour in corn snakes is controlled by two pairs of alleles, as shown
below.
Genotype Phenotype
B_R_ Wild-type
B_rr Black
bbR_ Red
bbrr Albino
Numerical Response
8. What is the expected phenotypic ratio in the offspring resulting from a cross between
a homozygous red corn snake and a heterozygous black corn snake?
Ratio: __________ : __________ : __________ : __________
Snake colour: Wild-type Black Red Albino

Feather colour in some chickens is controlled by multiple alleles, as shown below.
Genotype Phenotype
E Black
ER Birchen
e+ Wild-type
eWh Dominant wheaten
eb Partridge
es Speckled
ebc Buttercup
ey Recessive wheaten
The order of dominance of these alleles is E > ER > e+ > eWh > eb > es > ebc > ey.
A rooster with black feathers and a hen with partridge feathers produce some chicks with
black feathers, some chicks with partridge feathers, and some chicks with buttercup
feathers.
33. Which of the following rows identifies possible genotypes of the rooster and the hen?
Row Genotype of the Rooster Genotype of the Hen

A. Eeb ebebc
B. Eeb ebey
C. Eebc ebeb
D. Eebc ebey

A whippet is a particular breed of dog. Abnormal muscle development in whippets is

associated with mutations in the MSTN gene.
Whippets with two copies of the mutated MSTN allele are more muscular than normal and
are known as bully whippets.
Whippets with one unmutated and one mutated MSTN allele, a phenotype known as
intermediate, are more muscular than normal whippets but not as muscular as bully
whippets.
Whippets with two unmutated MSTN alleles have normal muscle development.
Dogs have 78 chromosomes and the MSTN gene is located on chromosome 37.
Mosher, Dana S., Pascale Quignon, Carlos D. Bustamante, Nathan B. Sutter, Cathryn S. Mellersh, Heidi G. Parker, and Elaine A.
Ostrander. 2007. A mutation in the myostatin gene increases muscle mass and enhances racing performance in heterozygote dogs.
PlOS Genetics 3 (5): 779–86. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030079.
34. Which of the following rows describes the mode of inheritance of the MSTN gene and
the combination of parents that would produce the greatest proportion of bully whippet
offspring?
Row Mode of Inheritance Combination of Parents

A. Incomplete dominance A bully whippet female crossed with
an intermediate male
B. Incomplete dominance An intermediate female crossed with
C. Autosomal recessive A bully whippet female crossed with
D. Autosomal recessive An intermediate female crossed with

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by the presence of two mutated PAH alleles on

chromosome 12 in humans. If untreated, PKU can lead to reduced development of
the brain, brain damage, and seizures.
35. Which of the following pedigrees illustrates the mode of inheritance of PKU?

The genome of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) has been mapped. All of the following
genes are located on the X chromosome.
1 Ruby eyes
2 Facet eyes
3 Echinus eyes
4 Crossveinless wings
Map distances between the four genes are shown below.
Genes Distance in Map Units

1 and 3 2.0
1 and 4 6.2
2 and 3 2.5
2 and 4 10.7
Campbell, Neil A. 1987. Biology. Menlo Park: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.
Numerical Response
9. The order in which the four genes numbered above are arranged on the X chromosome in
Drosophila melanogaster is _____, _____, _____, and _____.
(There is more than one correct answer.)

Some Scientists and Their Contributions to Molecular Genetics
1 Gregor Mendel determined that factors called genes are inherited in a particular
manner.
2 Erwin Chargaff proposed a 1:1 ratio of purines and pyrimidines.
3 James Watson and Francis Crick created a model showing an anti-parallel
double helix.
4 Rosalind Franklin revealed a helical structure in X-ray diffraction photographs.
5 Thomas Hunt Morgan studied fruit flies and proposed the chromosomal theory
of inheritance.
Numerical Response
10. The contributions that scientists made to the understanding of the structure of DNA
are described in the statements numbered _____, _____, and _____.
(Record all three digits of your answer in any order in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

Some Processes That Occur in a Cell

36. Which of the following rows identifies processes X, Y, and Z, as labelled in the
diagram above?
Row Process X Process Y Process Z

A. Transcription Translation Replication
B. Transcription Replication Translation
C. Replication Transcription Translation
D. Replication Translation Transcription
A Section of Insulin
Tyrosine—Threonine—Proline—Lysine
37. The anticodons on the tRNA molecules that bring the amino acids to the ribosome to make
the section of insulin shown above are, respectively,
A. AUA, UGA, CCG, UUC

B. AUA, UGA, GGC, UUC
C. ATA, TGA, CCG, AAG
D. ATA, TGA, GGC, AAG

Some forms of deafness are associated with mutations in the connexin 26 gene.
A Section of the Connexin 26 Gene
TGC AAC ACC CTG

Institute of Medical Genetics. 2008. Gene symbol: GJB2. Human Gene Mutation Database. Cardiff University.
www.hgmd.cf.ac.uk/ac/all.php.
Some Amino Acids
1 Serine
2 Valine
3 Leucine
4 Aspartate
5 Glutamine
6 Threonine
7 Asparagine
8 Tryptophan
Numerical Response
11. The amino acid sequence that is coded by the section of the connexin 26 gene shown above
is _____, _____, _____, and _____.

A human gene codes for the production of insulin. Scientists have genetically modified a
bacterium known as E. coli to produce human insulin.
38. Which of the following statements describes one step in the genetic modification of E. coli
to produce human insulin?
A. Ligase was used to insert the insulin gene into E. coli DNA, resulting in the human
producing a bacterial protein.
B. Ligase was used to insert the insulin gene into E. coli DNA, resulting in the E. coli
producing a human protein.
C. Ligase was used to cut the insulin gene from human DNA, resulting in the human
producing a bacterial protein.
D. Ligase was used to cut the insulin gene from human DNA, resulting in the E. coli
producing a human protein.
Canavan disease is a genetic disorder that results in damage to neurons in the brain. It is
caused by several different mutations in the ASPA gene. One mutation results in the
presence of alanine in the amino acid chain instead of the normal amino acid, glutamate.
Institute of Medical Genetics. 2009. Gene symbol: ASPA. Human Gene Mutation Database. Cardiff University. www.hgmd.cf.ac.uk/ac/
all.php.
39. The gene mutation that would result in Canavan disease as described above is a
change from
A. CTC to CGC
B. CTC to CUC
C. GAG to GCG
D. GAG to GCC

Nias Island is located off the west coast of Indonesia in southeast Asia. Ancestors of the
island’s current inhabitants are believed to have emigrated from the mainland of southeast
Asia. Scientists have discovered that the inhabitants of Nias Island have an extremely
reduced genetic diversity in both their Y chromosomes and their mitochondrial DNA
compared with the current population on the mainland.
van Oven, Mannis, Johannes M. Hämmerle, Marja van Schoor, Geoff Kushnick, Petra Pennekamp, Idaman Zega, Oscar Lao, Lea Brown,
Ingo Kennerknecht, and Manfred Kayser. 2010. Unexpected island effects at an extreme: Reduced Y chromosome and mitochondrial
DNA diversity in Nias. Molecular Biology and Evolution 28 (4): 1349–61. doi:10.1093/molbev/msq300.
40. Which of the following statements describes the difference in genetic diversity observed
between the Nias Island population and the population on the mainland?
A. The Nias Island population is less genetically diverse for males only.
B. The Nias Island population is more genetically diverse for females only.
C. Genetic diversity in the Nias Island population is lower in both males and females.
D. Genetic diversity in the Nias Island population is higher in both males and females.
Rhesus (Rh) factor is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells in some people.
People who have the protein are Rh positive, and people who don’t have it are Rh negative.
The allele for Rh-positive blood (R) is dominant to the allele for Rh-negative blood (r). The
frequency of Rh factor varies in different populations. For example, 17% of the British
population has Rh-negative blood.
NHS Blood and Transplant. 2009. All about your blood types. The National Blood Service. www.blood.co.uk/pages/all_about.html.
Accessed June 4, 2009.
41. What is the frequency of the Rh-positive allele in the British population?
A. 0.170
B. 0.345
C. 0.412
D. 0.588

Use the following information to answer numerical-response question 12 and question 42.
Canavan disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that causes progressive damage to

neurons in the brain.
The frequency of the allele associated with Canavan disease is higher in certain populations
than it is in others. In one particular population, the frequency of the allele is 0.0125.
U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2011. Genetic conditions: Canavan disease.
Genetics Home Reference. ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/canavan-disease.
Numerical Response
12. What percentage of the population described above is heterozygous for Canavan disease?
Answer: __________%
(Record your answer as a percentage rounded to two decimal places in the numerical-response section on
the answer sheet.)
One population with a high frequency of Canavan disease originated in eastern and central
Europe. Although the population has spread throughout the world, most members choose to
marry and have families only with other members of the same group.
42. The higher frequency of Canavan disease in the population described above compared with
other populations is most likely caused by
A. gene flow
B. immigration
C. genetic mutations
D. non-random mating

As waves overturn large rocks in the ocean near southern California, the newly cleared area
becomes colonized by photosynthetic green algae known as ulva (Ulva lactuca). The ulva
reproduce quickly and resist invasion by other species. Crabs graze on the ulva, which
allows for slower-growing red algae (Gelidium coulteri) to colonize the area of rock once
occupied by the ulva.
Sousa, Wayne P. 1979. Experimental investigations of disturbance and ecological succession in a rocky intertidal algal community.
Ecological Monographs 49, no. 3 (September): 227–54. doi:10.2307/1942484.
43. Which of the following rows describes the type of competition that exists between ulva and
red algae and the relationship between the crab and ulva?
Competition Between Relationship Between

Row Ulva and Red Algae the Crab and Ulva
A. Intraspecific Producer–consumer
B. Intraspecific Parasitism
C. Interspecific Producer–consumer
D. Interspecific Parasitism

The Kı-lauea volcano on the island of Hawaii is a highly active volcano that began erupting
in 1983. The outflow of lava from each eruption has added more than 500 acres of new land
to the shoreline of the island. A species of tree known as Metrosideros polymorpha was one
of the first species to grow on the outflow of lava.
–
United States Geological Survey. 2014. Kı-lauea’s East Rift Zone (Pu‘u ‘O‘o-)Eruption 1983 to present. Hawaiian Volcano Observatory.
hvo.wr.usgs.gov/kilauea/summary/#Mar2011.
Drake, Donald R. 1992. Seed dispersal of Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae): A pioneer tree of Hawaiian lava flows. American
Journal of Botany 79, no. 11 (November): 1224–28.
44. Which of the following rows identifies the type of succession that follows each eruption
of the Kı-lauea volcano and describes M. polymorpha as a species in the context of the
succession described above?
Row Type of Succession M. polymorpha

A. Primary A pioneer species
B. Primary Part of the climax community
C. Secondary A pioneer species
D. Secondary Part of the climax community

Physella johnsoni is a snail species that lives in five different hot springs in Banff National
Park and is not found anywhere else in the world. This snail species has very specialized
habitat requirements, including a constant supply of spring water at a temperature of
30–38 °C.
P. johnsoni is threatened by a variety of factors, including copper from coins thrown into
the hot springs. In 2000, P. johnsoni was classified as endangered.
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. 2003. Banff Springs snail. Species at Risk. Environment Canada. www.
speciesatrisk.gc.ca/search/speciesDetails_e.cfm?SpeciesID=311.
45. The two growth factors that are most likely to influence the growth of the P. johnsoni
population are
A. natality and mortality

B. natality and immigration
C. mortality and emigration
D. immigration and emigration
In January 1999, Spring 2 contained approximately 7 800 snails. By May 1999, the
population had declined to 600 snails.
Lepitzki, Dwayne A. W. 2002. Status of the Banff Springs snail (Physella johnsoni) in Alberta. Alberta Wildlife Status Report, no. 40
(March). Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Fish and Wildlife Division, and Alberta Conservation Association. aep.alberta.ca/
fish-wildlife/species-at-risk-publications-web-resources/invertebrates/documents/SAR-BanffSpringsSnailAlberta-Mar2002.pdf.
46. What was the per capita growth rate of the P. johnsoni snail population in Spring 2 between
January 1999 and May 1999?
A. 12
B. – 12
C. 0.92
D. – 0.92

Logistic Population Growth
47. According to the graph of logistic population growth, the population growth rate is highest
at point
A. W, when the population is near the carrying capacity of the environment

B. W, when the population is below the carrying capacity of the environment
C. X, when the population is near the carrying capacity of the environment
D. X, when the population is below the carrying capacity of the environment
Fruit flies are ideal for genetic studies. When raised in ideal laboratory conditions, female
fruit flies have an average lifespan of 26 days and male fruit flies 33 days. Female flies
typically begin laying fertilized eggs at the age of 3 days. The time of development from
egg to adult is typically 10 days. On average, female flies lay approximately 46 eggs during
their lifespan.
48. One reason why fruit flies are ideal for genetic studies is that their reproductive strategy is
A. r-selected with a low biotic potential

B. r-selected with a high biotic potential
C. K-selected with a low biotic potential
D. K-selected with a high biotic potential

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Biology 30 Released Items

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Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment

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Detailed statistical information is provided on provincial, group, and individual student

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment  1

MC1 C A1.1k, A1.2k RU 0.709

MC2 A A1.1k RU 0.751

MC3 D A1.2k RU 0.813

MC4 B A1.1k, A1.3sts A 0.596

NR1 1324 A1.3k RU 0.610

MC5 B A1.2k, A2.2k, A1.3sts A 0.723

MC6 C A1.4k, A1.2s RU 0.659

MC7 A A1.5k RU 0.723

MC8 B A2.1k, A2.2k A 0.742

MC9 A A2.2k, A2.4k A 0.524

MC10 D A2.3k, A2.1sts A 0.766

MC11 D A2.4k, A2.2k, A2.3k A 0.660

MC12 B A2.3k, A2.2k A 0.793

MC13 A A2.2k, A2.3k A 0.625

MC14 A A2.2k, A2.6k A 0.467

NR2 5413, 5412 B1.2k, B1.2s RU 0.639

MC15 D B1.3k, B1.2k, B1.2s A 0.544

MC16 A B2.3k, B2.1k RU 0.748

MC17 D B2.3k, B1.2k, B2.1k, A 0.540

*Difficulty — proportion of students answering the question correctly.

2 Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment

MC18 B B1.1k, B1.5k, B1.2s A 0.792

MC19 A B1.3k, B2.1k, B2.2k, B2.2s A 0.397

NR3 1324 B2.2k, B2.1k RU 0.451

MC20 B B2.1k, B3.5k, B3.1sts RU 0.702

MC21 B B3.2k, B3.5k, B3.1k, RU 0.604

MC22 A B3.2k, C1.1k, C1.4k A 0.671

MC23 C B3.3k RU 0.452

NR4 4312 B3.2k, B3.2sts HMA 0.787

MC24 D C1.1k A 0.468

MC25 C C1.3k A 0.751

NR5 1342 C1.2k RU 0.552

MC26 C C1.2k, C1.1sts A 0.673

MC27 B C1.3k, C1.4k, C1.5k, C1.2k A 0.723

MC28 C C1.3k, C1.1k, C1.2s HMA 0.447

NR6 2311 C1.7k, C1.4k, C1.2s HMA 0.632

MC29 A C1.4k, C1.2s HMA 0.358

MC30 C C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.754

MC31 C C2.2k, C2.3s A 0.652

MC32 D C2.5k, C2.3s HMA 0.587

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 1

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 3

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 5

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 7

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 9

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 11

Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 13

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Biology 30 | Alberta Education, Provincial Assessment 17