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INTERNET

The document discusses various topics related to the internet and computer networks. It defines different types of computer networks like LAN, MAN, and WAN. It also describes different types of internet connections and factors to consider when choosing an internet service provider. Additionally, it explains how the internet works using IP addresses and domain names. It provides details about various internet applications and technologies like email, file transfer, search engines, chatting, video conferencing, e-commerce, and internet security issues.

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JEYA MARIE CARANAY
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
13 views

INTERNET

The document discusses various topics related to the internet and computer networks. It defines different types of computer networks like LAN, MAN, and WAN. It also describes different types of internet connections and factors to consider when choosing an internet service provider. Additionally, it explains how the internet works using IP addresses and domain names. It provides details about various internet applications and technologies like email, file transfer, search engines, chatting, video conferencing, e-commerce, and internet security issues.

Uploaded by

JEYA MARIE CARANAY
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTERNET

TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORK

► LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) - A LAN connects network devices


over a relatively short distance.

► METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN) - A MAN is a large computer


network that usually spans a city or a large campus

► WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN) - WAN covers a large geographic area


such as country, continent or even whole of the world.
Types of Internet Connection:

► Dial-Up
► Digital Subscriber Line
► Cable
► Internet over Satellite
► 3G and 4G
Choosing Internet Service Provider

► Speed
► Price
► Ease of Installation
► Service Record
► Technical Support
► Contract Terms
HOW INTERNET WORKS?
► Because the Internet is a global network of computers each
computer connected to the Internet must have a unique address.
This address is known as an IP address.

► An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is assigned to every


computer on the Internet and every device that communicates on
a network. It is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or
device connected to Internet. IP addresses are not easy for humans
to remember , which is why domain names are used. Domain
names map to IP addresses , meaning they are essentially a
human-friendly representation of an IP address.
HOW INTERNET WORKS?
INTERNET USAGES

► Communication
► Send and receive emails
► Download files
► Post your opinion to a news group
► Chatting
► Surf the world wide web
► Business
► Shopping
► Entertainment
WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)

► The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents


accessed via the Internet

► With a web browser, one can view webpages that may contain
text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between
them via hyperlinks

► It uses a protocol called HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol.


► A Uniform Resource Locator, or URL is the address of a document you'll find on
the WWW. It is an address assigned to files on the Internet.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology/index.html

► Domain Names
A fully qualified domain name (or FQDN) is a domain that specifies an exact resource
and can be interpreted in only one way. An FQDN will always include the server’s host
name .
FQDN ✗ https://bbc.co.uk/news/index.html
FQDN ✓ https://www. bbc.co.uk/news/index.html
Types of Website

► Static - A static website is one that has webpages stored on the


server in the format that is sent to a client web browser.

► Dynamic - A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes


itself frequently and automatically, based on certain criteria.
ELECTRONIC MAIL (EMAIL)

► The transmission of messages over communications networks.

► It is a fast and efficient way to communicate with friends or


colleagues.

► Basic email functions:


Send and receive mail messages Save your messages in a file
Print mail messages Reply to mail messages
Attach a file to a mail message
► Email Address
The email address has three parts:
– a user name
– an "at" sign (@)
– the address of the user's mail server
Example: [email protected]

► Email Client An email client is a computer program used to manage a user's


email. Popular email clients include Microsoft Outlook, Pegasus Mail, Mozilla's
Thunderbird, and Apple Inc.'s Mail.

► Web-Based Mail Is an e-mail service intended to be primarily accessed via a web


browser. Some very popular web mail providers: – Gmail – Yahoo!Mail – Hotmail
FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)

► The protocol for exchanging files over the Internet.

► Used for moving files between two hosts on a TCP/IP network.

► FTP is most commonly used to download a file from a server using


the Internet or to upload a file to a server.
SEARCH ENGINE

► A search engine is designed to search for information on the


internet.

► Search engine presents the search results in the form of a search


results list.

► The search results can be webpages, images, videos, and other


type of files.
CHATTING

► Chatting is the other method for Internet conversation.

► It enables people connected anywhere on the Internet to join in live


discussions.

Examples: MSNMessenger
YahooMessenger
VIDEO CONFERENCING

► A video conference is a set of interactive telecommunication


technologies which allow two or more locations to interact via
two-way video and audio transmissions simultaneously.

► The other components required for a videoconferencing system


include:
Video Input and Output
Audio input and output
Data transfer
Computer
E-COMMERCE

► Electronic commerce or E-Commerce consists of the buying and


selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the
Internet and other computer networks.

► It includes the entire online process of developing, marketing, selling,


delivering, servicing and paying for products and services
INTERNET SECURITY

► Firewalls
► Packet Filtering
► Stateful Inspection
► Proxy Server
WORMS, TROJANS AND VIRUSES

► WORMS
Worms are pieces of malicious software that can self-replicate
between computers, either within a network or by users downloading
and running a malicious file.
► TROJANS
A Trojan is a type of malware that is disguised as a benign file that
users can be tricked into opening. These are often spread as email
attachments or downloaded from malicious websites.
WORMS, TROJANS AND VIRUSES

► VIRUSES
If you’ve studied viruses in Biology, you may know that viruses
require a host cell. This is the same with computer viruses, which require
a host file in which to reside. These files are typically executable files,
meaning that viruses can lie dormant in a computer until their host file is
opened or run. Viruses can spread between computers over a private
network, the Internet or even through the use of physical media like
hard drives, flash drives and optical disks.
PREVENTING MALWARE

► Good code quality


► Antivirus programs

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