BATAAN PENINSULA STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Machine Design 1

Design of Couplings

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Coupling

o It is a mechanical device that is

used for uniting or connecting parts
of a mechanical system.
o It is classified of different types such
as: rigid coupling, flexible coupling,
collar coupling, chain coupling,
flexible disk coupling, Oldham
coupling, gear type coupling, and
universal joint.

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
Coupling

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Design of Coupling
❑ Usual problem is to determine the safe power which can
be transmitted by the flange coupling such as:

Flange
❑ shearing/crushing of the key
Bolt Face ❑ shearing of the bolts between the flange faces
❑ compression between bolts and the flange faces
Key Hub
❑ shearing between flange and hub
Shaft Shaft
Hub

Bolt$ Flange
Face
 Design of Coupling

Dbc - bolt circle diameter

Db - bolt diameter
Nb - the no. of bolt
Flange
Bolt Face
Dbc Flange
Key Hub
Shaft Shaft Dhub
Hub Dshaft

Bolt$ Flange
Face Db

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fbc - shearing/ compressive force at bolt circle
Design of Coupling Fb - shearing/ compressive force at bolt

Dbc
Fbc = Fb Nb T = Fbc 
Fbc 2
Dhub
T = Fhub 
Fkey 2
Dbc Dhub Dshaft
Fhub T = Fkey 
Dshaft 2

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
Design Calculations
Compressive/Crushing Stress on Key
2 Fkey 4T h/2
 key = =
hL hLDshaft
L
w
Shearing Stress on Key

Fkey 2T
 key = =
wL wLDshaft h/2

L
w
MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Db - bolt diameter
t - thickness of the flange web
Design Calculations
Shearing of Bolts Between the Flange Faces

Fbc 8T
 bolts = =
Ab N b Db 2 Dbc N b
Db

Compression (Bearing) Between the Dbc

Bolts & the Flange
Fbc 2T
 bolts = = =  flange
Ab N b DbtDbc N b

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
Design Calculations
Based on Shearing Between the 𝐹ℎ𝑢𝑏
flange web & hub 𝜏𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 =
𝐴𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
Design Calculations
Based on Shearing Between the
flange web & hub
𝐹ℎ𝑢𝑏 2𝑇
𝜏𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 = =
𝜋𝐷ℎ𝑢𝑏 𝑡 𝜋𝐷ℎ𝑢𝑏 2 𝑡

Where: T= the torque

Fhub = the shearing force
Dhub = the hub diameter
t = thickness of the flange web

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Problems
1) Two short shafts having identical diameters of 38.1 mm and transmitting 45 hp at 400
rpm are connected by a flange coupling having 4 bolts with a 100 mm bolt circle.
The design shearing stress of the bolt is 12 MPa and design compressive stress of the
flange is 15 MPa.
• Find the torque transmitted by the shaft.
Given: Find T:
Dshaft = 38.1 mm
N = 400 rpm P = 2πTN
N−m
P = 45 hp 746 W 746
45hp × 45hp × s
Nbolt = 4 P 1hp 1hp
→T= = =
Dbc = 100 mm 2πN 400 400
τbolt = 12 MPa 2π 2π
60s 60s
σflange = 15 MPa
T = _______N − m

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Problems
1) Two short shafts having identical diameters of 38.1 mm and transmitting 45 hp at 400
rpm are connected by a flange coupling having 4 bolts with a 100 mm bolt circle.
The design shearing stress of the bolt is 12 MPa and design compressive stress of the
flange is 15 MPa.
• Determine the total force transmitted in Newton.
Given: Find Fbc:
Dshaft = 38.1 mm
N = 400 rpm Dbc
T = Fbc
P = 45 hp 2
Nbolt = 4
2 2
Dbc = 100 mm → Fbc =T = _____N − m
Dbc 1m
τbolt = 12 MPa 100mm ×
1000mm
σflange = 15 MPa
Fbc = _______N

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fbc 8T
τbolts = =
Ab Nb πDb 2 Dbc Nb
Problems
1) Two short shafts having identical diameters of 38.1 mm and transmitting 45 hp at 400
rpm are connected by a flange coupling having 4 bolts with a 100 mm bolt circle.
The design shearing stress of the bolt is 12 MPa and design compressive stress of the
flange is 15 MPa.
• What diameter of bolt should be used?
Given: Find Db:
8T 8T 8T
Dshaft = 38.1 mm τbolts = → Db 2
= → Db =
N = 400 rpm 2
πDb Dbc Nb τbolts πDbc Nb τbolts πDbc Nb
P = 45 hp
Nbolt = 4
Dbc = 100 mm 1000mm
τbolt = 12 MPa 8 ___N − m
1m
Db = = _____mm
σflange = 15 MPa N
12 π 100mm 4
mm2

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fbc 2T
σbolts = = = σflange
Ab Nb Db tDbc Nb
Problems
1) Two short shafts having identical diameters of 38.1 mm and transmitting 45 hp at 400
rpm are connected by a flange coupling having 4 bolts with a 100 mm bolt circle.
The design shearing stress of the bolt is 12 MPa and design compressive stress of the
flange is 15 MPa.
• How thick should the flange be in mm?
Given: Find t:
Dshaft = 38.1 mm 2T
N = 400 rpm σflange =
Db tDbc Nb
P = 45 hp 1000mm
2 ___N − m
Nbolt = 4 2T 1m
→t= =
Dbc = 100 mm σflange Db Dbc Nb N
15 ___mm 100mm 4
τbolt = 12 MPa mm2
σflange = 15 MPa
t = _______mm

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fbc 8T
τbolts = =
Ab Nb πDb 2 Dbc Nb
Problems
2) A plain flange coupling has 10 steel 25.4 mm diameter bolts evenly tighten around a
415 mm bolt circle. Determine the torque capacity of connection if the allowable
shearing stress in the bolt is 50 MN/m2.
Given: Find T:
Nb = 10 8T
Db = 25.4 mm τbolts =
πDb 2 Dbc Nb
Dbc = 415 mm
τbolt = 50 MN/m2
τbolts πDb 2 Dbc Nb
→T=
8
N 2
50 π 25.4mm 415mm 10 1m
mm2
T= ×
8 1000 mm

T = _____N − m

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fhub 2T
τflange = =
Aflange πDhub 2 t
Problems
3) The hub of the flange coupling has a diameter of 135 mm. the flange has a thickness of
20 mm. determine the force that can shear the hub from the flange coupling if the
shear stress of the flange is 200 MPa.

Given: Find Fhub:

Dhub = 135 mm
t = 20 mm Fnub
τflange = 200 MPa τflange =
πDhubt

N
→ Fhub = τflange πDhub t = 200 π 135mm 20mm
mm2

Fhub = __________N

MachDesign1-BRIANJTUAZONME
 Fbc 2T
P = 2πTN σbolts = =
Ab Nb Db tDbc Nb
Problems
4) A 20 mm thick flange coupling connects two shafts in order to transmit 250 kW at 100
rpm. It uses 6 bolts with diameter of 20 mm located at a 210 bolt circle diameter.
determine the factor of safety based on compression between the bolt and the
flange. The yield point of the bolt is 450 MPa.
Given: Find T: Find σbolt: Find FS:
t = 20 mm
N = 100 rpm P 2T Syield_bolt
T= σbolts = FS =
P = 250 kW 2πN Db tDbc Nb σbolt
Nb = 6 kN − m 1000mm 450 MPa
250 2 _____kN − m × FS =
Db = 20 mm s 1m 1000 MPa
T= σbolts = _____GPa × 1 GPa
Dbc = 210 mm 100 20mm 20mm 210mm 6
2π
Syielf of bolt = 450 MPa 60s
kN FS = ________
σbolts = ____
T = _____kN − m mm2
Practice Problem
A plain flange coupling for a 75 mm shaft has the following dimensions: bore, 75 mm ;
hub diameter, 135 mm ; hub length, 95 mm ; flange diameter, 255 mm ; flange thickness, 25
mm ; bolt diameter, 20 mm ; bolt circle diameter, 210 mm ; number of bolts, 6 ; and key size,
20 mm square ; shaft material (Sy= 406 680 kPa) ; flange and hub material ( Sy = 350000 kPa)
; bolt and key material (Sy=455 000 kPa). Using a factor of safety of 3, calculate the safe
power that can be transmitted at 100 rpm.