Dear Friends,

As insightful as Augustine was in many areas of Biblical truth, he failed this test when he
introduced the doctrine of "Purgatory" to the Roman Catholic community. When you study
commentaries on this week's study passage, you will discover the rather bizarre point that many non-
Catholic theologians have borrowed this unbiblical idea. They appeal to a mythological underground
place where supposedly the spirits of those who have died presently reside. Scripture never so much
as implies that the spirits of those who die either cease to exist, go to sleep till the Second Coming, or
go to an underground and isolated place. Rather Scripture teaches that the soul or spirit (Choose your
term, but strive to follow Scripture's teaching) of children of God who die prior to the Second Coming
and the resurrection of their bodies at that time goes immediately into the presence of God where it
remains joyfully and consciously till the Second Coming. Based on Paul's 2 Corinthians 5 teachings, "…
to be absent from the body (as when we die) is to be present with the Lord."

In the sections of the passage that we study this week, Peter lays the grounds for a highly
instructive and timely lesson related to our present discipleship, not related to errant, ancient
mythology. As Jesus preached to those who, in Noah's day lived under the prison of God's righteous
judgment against their sinful conduct, through Noah's life and the related sermon of his godly lifestyle,
so Jesus preaches to His people today through men whom He calls to preach to them and to minister
to them. (2 Corinthians 5:20) As Noah's "Sermon" to those people consisted of a warning of God's
righteous judgment, so also godly preaching today should instruct and warn people in error.
(Colossians 1:28) Far too many people depict God in our time as a benevolent grandfather who gladly
overlooks every wrong committed by his beloved grandchildren. The God of Scripture is indeed a
loving and gracious God, but He is also righteous. His chastening wounds are not to be minimized or
viewed as merely superficial inconveniences in life. "It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the
living God." (Hebrews 10:31 KJVP) Do not wrest this verse to say something contradictory to its
revelation. Children of God who fall away from their faith indeed fall, but they never fall out of the
Lord's hands. However, we should gravely ponder the reality of falling "into" His hands and looking up
from our failure directly into His piercing eyes. (Luke 22:61) The Lord's chastening produced bitter
tears in Peter, and they likewise produce bitter tears in the child of grace who today denies his Lord.

In order to see the significant instruction that Peter includes in this passage, I take some time in
this week's study to refute some of the mythological errors that people often adopt. In coming studies,
we shall study further into Peter's--and the New Testament's--teachings on Biblical baptism and its
relationship to a sound, Biblical belief in the death, burial, and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ,
including the accomplishments of that work, not merely a belief in the historicity of what He did.

As Jesus, through Noah, preached to the "…spirits in prison…" in the time while Noah was building
the ark, so He directs His ministers today to preach to His children who fall prey to the many errors
and sins of the world around them, often including an errant and bewildered religious world. When a
preacher examines our "Pet" ideas and challenges them, we should not react as if he is personally
going after us. Paul reminds some of his readers, "…I seek not yours, but you…." (2 Corinthians
12:14) To strive to perfect "…the saints…" (Ephesians 4:12) is a primary objective of the gospel. When
the Lord sends rebukes or corrections to us in the gospel, He thereby reminds us of His love for us,
even in our limited knowledge and imperfections of belief. Interesting, based on the Genesis account
of the flood, no one outside Noah's immediate family believed his preaching and repented, but God
sent him to preach to them nonetheless. We should measure the quality of preaching more on its
harmony with God's truth than on the results that we might observe from it. Men may preach error
and accomplish significant results, but the results are not beliefs and behaviors that glorify God, so
they should not be viewed as desirable. Yes, we desire that those who hear us believe our preaching
and obey it, but their response should not dictate what we preach. Several years ago, I had an
interesting conversation with a man who professed strong belief in the doctrines of grace. As pastor of
a modern church, he accompanied the young people of his church to their summer camp in the
mountains. For the first three days of the camp, he taught these young people the doctrines that he
believed. Gaining no "Conversions" from his preaching, on the final day of the camp, he reverted to
preaching what he really didn't believe about decisionism and the idea that these young people
needed to do something to complete their eternal salvation. When he gained a few public
"Conversions," he congratulated himself as saving the day for that year's summer camp. This man
failed to see the difference between the subtle, but consistently growing influence of Biblical truth on
people and a spur-of-the-moment profession of fear-based "Conversion."

Jesus' words to an erring church settle the question. He did not teach them "Be thou successful
unto death," but rather "Be thou faithful unto death." When we come to the end of our life and labors,
how shall people remember us, by what we accomplished, or by the truth that we faithfully lived and
taught?

God bless,
Joe Holder

Spirits in Prison: Who? When? How?

For Christ also hath once suffered for sins, the just for the unjust, that he
might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh, but quickened by the
Spirit: By which also he went and preached unto the spirits in prison; Which
sometime were disobedient, when once the longsuffering of God waited in
the days of Noah, while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight
souls were saved by water. The like figure whereunto even baptism doth
also now save us (not the putting away of the filth of the flesh, but the
answer of a good conscience toward God,) by the resurrection of Jesus
Christ: Who is gone into heaven, and is on the right hand of God; angels and
authorities and powers being made subject unto him. (1 Peter 3:18–22, KJV
1900)

If you were looking for a passage that has been most subjected to speculation more than to
Biblical study and proper interpretation, this lesson would reside near the top of the list. I have read
or heard appeals to mythology and any number of other bizarre explanations of the passage more
often than contextual and Biblical explanations. Since when does Biblical hermeneutics, the study and
interpretation of Scripture, rely on myths? A wise attitude toward Scripture is that Scripture is the best
resource to consult for our interpretation of Scripture.

What can we learn about these questions from the passage itself? Let’s examine the text.
1. These spirits were sometimes disobedient. Peter doesn’t tell us how, but he tells us that they
were disobedient. Do we need to ask; they were disobedient to God.

2. Jesus went to them and preached to them during the time when they were “…in prison.” The
mythological interpretation that most often appears is that He preached to them during the three
days and nights that His body was in the tomb. Peter indeed tells us that Jesus died and that He
arose by the Spirit, but he doesn’t indicate that the period of His death defines the time of His
going to those imprisoned spirits and preaching to them. If we examine other passages regarding
Jesus’ death and resurrection, particularly Hebrews, we discover that this three day period was
quite focused on His appearing before the Father as our Great High Priest, fulfilling the Levitical
(And Melchisedec) role of priest on behalf of the people for whom He died. This Biblical truth
leaves no time for Him to also go to a mythical—and factually, non-existent—temporary place
where the spirits of those who have died supposedly reside till the final resurrection. In fact, Jesus
told the thief “…Today shalt thou be with me in paradise.” (Luke 23:43) Jesus didn’t so much as
hint that the thief—or He—would go to any place apart from where God resides. The word
“Paradise” only appears two other times in the New Testament, 2 Corinthians 12:4 where Paul
specifically defines it as “…the third heaven,” not as a mythological place for departed spirits, and
Revelation 2:7, where Jesus tells the Ephesian Church that the tree of life resides in this
“paradise.” In 2 Corinthians 5:1-8, Paul tells us that our death is instantly followed by our being in
a “…house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens,” as well as that, in that “house,” we shall
be “…present with the Lord.” Thus, the Biblical indicators for this word “Paradise” direct us to
heaven where Jesus in His resurrected and glorified body now resides with the Father and the
spirits of the redeemed who have died. So Scripture eliminates a mythological place of the
departed dead separate from God and, along with it, the related interpretation of this passage.

3. Their disobedience occurred during Noah's lifetime; specifically during the time that Noah was
building the ark. We might--and should--reasonably conclude that Jesus preached to them during
that same era. Although God's longsuffering waited, in some way Jesus preached to them. “And
spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth person, a preacher of righteousness, bringing
in the flood upon the world of the ungodly.” (2 Peter 2:5) Peter, the same man whom the Holy
Spirit directed to write our study passage, refers to Noah as a preacher of righteousness. When
Paul described himself as an ambassador for Christ, he described that position, "...as though God
did beseech you by us." (2 Corinthians 5:20) To interpret that Jesus preached to the spirits in
prison through Noah during the time that Noah built the ark is altogether in harmony with Paul's
description of godly preaching. When a man faithfully preaches the word, God adds His approving
stamp to the words and commands those who hear to accept the words as His. Do not use this
point to put a preacher on a pedestal. When a man preaches error, God holds the man in
judgment for his error and commands those who hear to reject the words. (1 Corinthians 11:1)
Most often the Lord sends His message to churches, and to individual believers, through the man
whom He has sent to serve as their pastor. In our era of everything-internet, it is not unusual for
people to download sermons from men all over the country, and listen to them as if God sent the
message directly to them. Perhaps, if the words preached are true, God indeed sent the message
to the church that man serves as pastor, but not at all necessarily to every person who happens
to hear those words. When I visit a church whose pastor I do not know well, I will usually tell the
church that, if I preach something that contradicts the teachings of their pastor, they should
promptly discard what I preach and listen to their pastor. Sadly, we live in a time when
unscrupulous teachers of error use the internet and other modern communication tools to spread
their error far and wide, quite often indirectly suggesting that those who hear ignore their local
 pastor and heed the message of error. My advice is simple. Take advantage of the internet, but
use it wisely. Never download or listen to a sermon by a man whom your pastor will not invite to
preach in your church. If in doubt, ask your pastor, and follow his counsel. When people routinely
listen to preaching from various men, they often do not notice contradictory teachings, so they try
to believe what their pastor and the other man preaches, and the inevitable outcome is hopeless
confusion.

4. Few people were saved in Noah's time by the ark. If we accept the various birth and death
ages from Adam to the flood, we will compute a time lapse of around 1656 years. How many
people might have populated the earth at the time of the flood? However we calculate our
estimate, that number will be quite large when compared to the number of people who were
saved in the ark. Only eight people were saved in the ark; Noah, his wife, his three sons, and their
wives.

In last week's study, we examined the distinction between eternal salvation and time salvation, a
study that contrasts eternal salvation with present discipleship. Among many other factors that clearly
distinguish the two deliverances, the number of people involved stands out. Where ever we see
Scripture address the number of those who shall enjoy eternity with God in heaven, the number is
consistently framed as a large number. In the seventh chapter of Revelation, after going into some
detail to identify a finite and carefully numbered people, one hundred forty-four thousand, John
immediate looks from this world and tribes of people into heaven. We could easily and rightly assign
the title to this section of Scripture, "Heaven's Population."

After this I beheld, and, lo, a great multitude, which no man could number,
of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, stood before the
throne, and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, and palms in their
hands. (Revelation 7:9; emphasis added)

The number of people whom God chose in Christ before He created our material universe was and
is a "great multitude." There is no way to assign a specific value to this number, but the typical
attempts by theologians who involve human contributions to God's eternal salvation always describe
the number as quite small. In fact, if we interpret the salvation of which Peter here writes as being
eternal salvation, and if we accept that water baptism is essential for that salvation, our calculations
will result in less than one percent of humanity enjoying eternity with God. Those who confuse God’s
election and grace in eternal salvation with discipleship, or “Conditional time salvation,” clearly
contradict this passage and many others. In fact, they consistently confuse God's election, concluding
in eternal salvation, with discipleship. Scripture is just as consistent in telling us that the number of
faithful disciples shall be small as in revealing that the number of God's elect who shall sing His
redemption hymn in heaven is quite large. We could use numbers alone to imply that Peter's lesson
relates to discipleship, but he does not leave us with such an indirect method of understanding what
he intended to teach. His use of the present tense verb, “…doth also now save us,” makes the point.
Peter further emphasizes the point by his inclusion of “…not the putting away of the filth of the flesh,
but the answer of a good conscience toward God.”

Rather than establishing grounds for belief in mythology and its claim of an isolated, underground
place for the spirits of those who have died, Peter’s teaching in this lesson richly instructs us in the
beneficial truths of godly, present, active discipleship. Our “…now salvation” that results from a firm
belief in the Lord Jesus Christ and Biblical baptism in water doesn’t wash away the guilt of our sins,
but it does answer the questions of the good conscience toward God. We shall never find all the
answers to all of our questions in this world, but Scripture teaches us to look for as many answers as
we can find—in Scripture. Peter here gives us one such answer.

From both a Biblical and an experiential perspective, I can tell you that baptism, Biblical, faith-in-
the-Lord-Jesus-Christ-and-His-death-and-resurrection baptism, forms the Biblical basis for a quality of
spiritual contentedness and peace that cannot be fully described apart from the experience. I well
recall many years ago baptizing a man in his seventies who had heard Biblical preaching for most of
his life, though he had never been baptized until that late age. As he looked at me just moments after
I baptized him, he smiled and said, “Brother Joe, if I had known this peace would come with baptism,
I’d have been baptized many years ago.” Do you want that peace in your life? Baptism is not a
magical trick to give it to you, but godly faith in the Person and work of your Savior, followed by
baptism, takes you by the hand and points the way to it. It answers your good conscience’s question
with joyful peace.

Little Zion Primitive Baptist Church

Conditional time salvation is one of several historical terms used to distinguish Biblical discipleship that
is, according to Scripture, in some way conditional on the believer’s active faith and obedience, from
God’s election and eternal salvation that is wholly unconditional on the part of the believer. Confusion
in distinguishing these two Biblical truths can only be avoided by understanding the difference
between eternal salvation and discipleship. Conditionality (On the part of the believer) is an essential
ingredient of discipleship, and no conditions whatever (Again, on the part of the believer) is an
essential Biblical feature of eternal salvation, sometimes overly simplified by reference to the new
birth. The measure of human experience—in this case the new birth—is not an acceptable basis on
which to interpret Biblical doctrine, especially one so central to Biblical truth as eternal salvation.
When people do not distinguish these two Bible doctrines, the confusion of mind that follows will fall
into one of two traps: 1) Arminianism, salvation by works when the conditions of discipleship are
applied to the new birth and eternal salvation, or 2) Fatalism when the no-human-conditions of the
new birth and eternal salvation are applied to discipleship. Occasionally the confused mind will fall into
a third errant belief, a muddled mixture of the first two. Andrew Fuller tried to make sense of this mix,
but his efforts failed to harmonize with Scripture. When people try to mix these two errors, they
cannot possibly arrive at truth. Belief of the truth leads to broader understanding and deeper belief.
Errant belief never leads to truth; it only leads to greater error and confusion. Occasionally today
people who follow the Fuller theme will boastfully describe themselves as “Cal-Minian,” part Calvinist
and part Arminian. Ask the people from the Synod of Dort if such a belief is consistently possible in
light of Biblical teaching. More to the point, read your Bible to see how well grace and human works
cooperate to accomplish eternal salvation. Scripture consistently distinguishes eternal salvation from
discipleship. The two commonly used terms, “Time salvation” and “Eternal salvation” are sufficiently
equal to Biblical terms that they accurately distinguish the two Biblical truths. “Eternal salvation” is a
Bible term (Hebrews 5:9), and Peter’s “…doth also now save us” is a near-equivalent to “Time
salvation.” “Now” is an adverb of time; it refers to the present moment of time, just as the term “Time
salvation” does. If someone objects to this term, they cannot object to “Now salvation” as a non-
Biblical term.