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Parabola Practice Hints

Parabola top 200 jee mains questions

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Parabola Practice Hints

Parabola top 200 jee mains questions

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samud57672
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© © All Rights Reserved
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26, a. Let the point be Plat", 2ar). Then according to question, SP=ar+a=k (I) Let (, 8) be the moving point, then a = at”, B= 2ar 9-4 ease (C+ point (a, B) lies on y* = 4ax) ‘On substituting these values in Eq. (1), we get Ply, 4a” fete )* =P + 4a? = ther = 4x? + y? — 4k =0 is the required locus. 27. .y—V3 x+3=0 can be rewritten as, yr0 1-5 aa ® ‘On solving Eq. (1) with the parabola y* =x + 2, we get ore e42 = 37? -2r- (43 + 8)=0 SAP *AQ=| 1,7, 403 +2) ee) (product of roots) 28. a, Let P (~ 2 +r cos 8, r sin @) and Q lie on the parabola. A= 2, 07 Fig. 3.6 => 7 sin? @-4(-2+ ros @)=0 4c0s0 8 Sr ao 8 ako dient Nowap* ag" Hh Given that Jp +39 <4 Soe V3 [+7 cos @ is decreasing and tan 6 is increasing in (0,72)) =m>V5 29. a. The general equation of a parabola having its axis parallel to y-axis is yrarthete @ This is touched by the line y = xatx=1. ‘Therefore, slope of the tangent at (1, 1) is | and x= ax* + bx + must have equal roots dy =(2) = 2a+ b= 1 and (b~ 1)? = 4ac Also, (1,1) lies on Eq. (1) Satbte=l From 2a+b=1anda+b+e=1, = Land (b~ 1)? = 4ac sarc Then froma+b+e~1,and 2c+ b= 1, we get 20) + f'O)= 1. [+ AQ) = cand f'(0) = 6] 30.b. Fig. 3.7 Let A= (af,, 2at,), B= (af, ~ 2at,). We have mania) 2at, rma = h+2N51,-1=0 Sra342 Clearly, ¢,=— 3-2 is rejected, ‘Thus #, = 2-3) Hence, AB = 4a, = 4a (2-3) ae. P=(P 1) 5 +275 i Fe a-j-i Projection of Von, 7% U-P)sar (appear AT. cA xX tye Fig. 3.8 Given $= 4, Butx=7°,s0 G-27F When P(4, 4), T= 2 dy _(-27+2) ar now F(R?) F Therefore, at T= 2, en 4420-2 of-- 32. a. Let focus be (a,b). Equations are SG -aP+Q- bP =? and S,:(x—a)' + (yb? =y* ‘Common chord 5, ~ 5, = 0 gives x?—y?=0 =ynex 33. d. Putx? =} in circle, x + (y- 1)? = 1, we get (Note that for a <0 they cannot intersect other than origin) 3 + y? - 2y = 0. Hence, we get y = 0 or itt Substituting y= 2-4 iny=ax’, we get WZ Fig. 3.9 ara'zl>o sank 34. d. Chord through (2, 1) is #=2 =2=1 a os 4 (2.1) ‘Solving Eq. (1) with parabola y* =.x, we have (1+ rsin 6) =2+r cos = sin’@r? +2 sin 8 cos Oy—1=0 This equation has two roots r, = AC and r, = ~ BC. ‘Then, sum of roots r, +r=0 > 2sind cos =0=> tand=4. AB=\r, —r3 ‘sin? 35. ¢. Solving circle x° + y* = 5 and parabola y? = 4x, we have x +4r-5=0 srel or x=~5 (not possible) = yadory=22 = Points of imersection are P(1, 2); OCI, ~2) Hence, PO= 4. 36. ¢. Difference of the ordinate d-laare |= 2ah4| plat 2a) x 0.0) (3) Fig. 3.11 A,B, is a focal chord, then A,at,, 2at,) and B, =a) (=) Now equation of chord 4, is Me, +4) 22a, =0 o Chord 8,8, is obit amchyed* or y(t, +4) +244, +2a=0 2 For their intersection, we subtract them and get 2x(tt,+ 1) + 2ales, +1) =0 or(x+ay(1+4)=0 =xtan0 Hence, they intersect on the directrix. 38. b. Joint equation of O4 and OB is 3° — Ax(y ~ 3x) ~ 4y(y~ 38) +2007 ~ 327 = 0 ‘Making equation of parabola homogeneous using ‘straight line. => (1 + 12 + 180) ~ y°(4 ~ 20)- (4 ~ 12 + 120) =0 = 193k? + 16)? - 112xy=0 —ab wath 256193 «16 193+ 16 -83 209 ). a. Let the midpoint of PQ be (cB) sa=x+$ andpmy+$ >(0-§-(e-$) =(p-$-40(-$}, which is the required locus. 40. ¢, Latus rectum of y* = 2hx is 2b. Semi-latus rectum is ' We know that semi-latus rectum is H.M. of segments of focal chord. Therefore, att} a= 2 Now for ax? + bx +¢=0, D='—4ac ~(P8) ae o+C-ac Ae ere ) <0 Hence, roots are imaginary. 41. e.tan Projection of BC on the x-axis Mea +1-4<0 3 <3, <5 > 1-4a<0 Sart Bey? -}igx=0 Let coordinates of P be (3+ 3,31} Therefore, coordinate of Mare (0, 34) => MS=NO+9r* and wp-3+3e 29+98=(343 2) =2a+eF anise >. Length of side = 6 44. d. Equation of tangent to given parabola having slope m is y=m(x+a) ory mrt on ‘Comparing Eq. (1) with y = mx +c, we have a cmam+f 45. d. The coordinates of the focus of the parabola y* = 4ax are (a, 0). The line y~ x a= 0 passes through this point. Therefore, it is a focal chord of the parabola. Hence, the tangent intersect at right angle. 46.6. v4 P{a,22) Fig. 3.13 ‘One end of the latus rectum is P(a, 2a). ‘The equation of the tangent PT at P(a, 2a) is 2ya= afr +a), i ‘The equation of normal PN at (a, 2a) is ytx=lataiey+x=3a Solving y = 0 and y =x +a, we get x=-a,y=0. Solving y = 0, y +x = 3a, we get x=3ay=0. The area of the triangle with vertices P(a, 2a), T(-a, 0), NGa, 0) is 4a”. 47. a. Let A= (a, 2at), B= (at”, -2at). 2 2 a2 om Mou rms ()(8)=—1 eras ‘Thus, tangents will intersect at (~ 4a, 0) 48.b. Clearly P is the point of intersection of two perpendicular tangents to the parabola y* = &x. Hence, P must lie on the directrix x +a=0 or x+2=0 -2. Hence, the point is (-2, 0). 9.6. Y Plat.2a0) aka G.Q2a+ at, 0) v ¥ Fig. 3.14 ‘Tangent and normal at P(at", 2at) to the parabola y* = 4ax is gextar a andy =~ t+ 2at + at* Q Equations (1) and (2) meet the x-axis where y= 0. From Eq. (1), we get x =—at*. So T is (-a’, 0). From Eq, (2), we get r= 2at+at’.So Gis Since ZTPG = 90°, centre of the circle through PTG is (a, 0). If is the angle between tangents at P to the parabola and circle through P, T, G, then (90° ~ 8) is the angle between PT and OP. Slope of PT= Slope of OP = anim, (Z) aon 6-S>1 = mm, ~~1 = angle between tangents = 5 sha y yox-a=0 (a, 22) z Fig. 3.15 eink meget, 2a) is 2ya = 2a (x +0), ie,,y—¥— Equation of circle touching eee at (a, 2a)is (e—a) + (y— 2aP +Ay—x- a) =0. It passes through (0, 0). So, @+4q +A(-a)=0>4=Sa ‘Thus the required circle is x? +»*—7ar —ay = 0. Its radius is (822+ a, ee 52. ¢. The required point is obtained by solving x + y= 1 and y?—y+x=0. 53. ¢. Any tangent to 7 = yam (eta) ae @ ‘Any tangent to y= 46(x + b) which is perpendicular to Eq. (1)is y= xt +b) bm 2 ‘Subtracting, we get (ms gule+ (a> frm +9) =0 or x+a+b=0, which is a locus of their point of intersection. atx + a) is denynmaeeow ne20 Hence, corresponding point on the parabola is (4,4). 3 ‘Thus required minimum distance ‘The equation ofthe tangent at (1,2) isx—y+1=0 : The image (hk) ofthe point (#8, 21)inx-y+1=0is — ~N#+8-1=4N5—1. given by 57.¢. SP, = a(1 + f), SP, AP =24+1) 1+4) +P-2t IP +1 inating rom h= 211 and k= + 1, we get (ht 1P=4-D. ‘The required equation of reflection is (+ 1F 49-1. SS.a. 4 ¥ 4) Pepials, 58. b. Tangent at point P is ty=x+ 7, where slope of ‘Area of triangle ABC is maximum if CD is maximum, tangent i tan @= Speen baeSred Now required area is 4 = (AN) (PN) =} 2°\2) ‘That means tangent drawn to parabola at C should be parallel to AB Slope of AB = e Fory?=4r, 7 sy-l sal ax} Fig. 3.18 56. b. Lety,=5+I—x andy, = fr, or gee -4ey" +6, -S)= Landy} = 4, Now € [1, 4, then A__ occurs when # = 4. So ‘Thus («,, »,) lies on the circle x* + (y—S¥°= 1, AL =16 = and («,, ¥3) lies on the parabola »* = 4x. rina gic ee 59, d. OT? = 04 x OB = a8 =§ > OT=¥§ taariax + y-s) Talat Y ‘Now the shortest distance always occur along common (a9) ‘normal tothe curves and normal to cirele passes through re the centre ofthe circle, Normal to the parabola y* = 4x is y = mx ~ 2m — m? passes through (0, 5) gives m?+ 2m +5 =0, which has only one root m=— 2. Fig. 3.19 60. b. Tangent at point P is ty =x + ar’. a Line perpendicular to Eq. (1) passes through (a, 0) Plat, 2at) 5 (hh x a.) = Fig. 3.20 2 y-0=-e-a)ortety=taory=Ha-%) 2) Equation of OP is y-2xedoryadx 6 From Eqs. (2) and (3), eliminating f, we get Y= 2x(a~x) or 2x? +? -2ar=0 * 61. a. Slope of tangent at P is }- and at Qis }- A = Slope of OR is~“15-* = tang [Note that angle ina semicircle is 90°] = tang =~ }(cot 8, + cot8,) = cot), + cot0,=~2 tang Ob. Slope of line is 4 = tan 8. = tan(ZMPS) = tan 2 (3-6) =tan (x ~ 20) =—tan 26 wa “P-i 63. ¢. Solving y= 2x ~3 and y*=4a(x-}), we have ar-3F=4a(x-4) = 4r +9- 12e=4ar~ 42 340-43 +a)x+9+4 <0 ‘This equation must have equal roots => D = 0 = 163 +a)?~16(9+ 42) <0 394d +6a= 9448 ad+itno 4 =a-0ora=¥9 64.¢. Fig. 3.23 Let A= (af, 2at,) and B= (a, ~2at,). Equation of tangents at A and B are, ty=xtet and-1y=3+ af, respectively. These tangents meet y-axis at 4,=(0,at,) and B, = (0, at). ‘Area of trapezium 44,B,B~ } (AB + 4,B,) «OC => 24d = Saar, +201) (af) Sh=8>t,=2 4, =(0,2a) If ZOSA, = 6, then tan 6 = 27 = 2 =>@=tan'(2) ‘Thus, required angle is 2 tan’' (2). 65. b, Here a = 2 for parabola and the two tangents pass through the points (~2, ~ 3), which lie on the directrix, then tangents are perpendicular or mm, 66... y Xx x ¥ Fig. 3.24 ‘Tangent at P intersects the y-axis at Q = (0, at). Also circle with PS as diameter touches the y-axis at (0, at. So y-axis isthe tangent to circumcircle of APOS at. 67. d. Tangents y = m,x + ¢ and y = m.x + c intersect at (0, ¢) which lies on the directrix of the given parabola. Hence, tangents are perpendicular for which mm,=l 68, b. y= ax” ~ 6x + b passes through (0, 2). Here, 2= a (0°) 6(0) +6 692 Aso, Y= 2006 (a2 =3a-6=0 a=? 69. b, Since tangents are perpendicular, they intersect on the directrix. => Q, I) lies on the linex=-4 = soa 70. b. Parabolas y =x" +1 andx=y* + 1 are symmetrical about y = x ‘Therefore, tangent at point 4 is parallel to y x Fig. 3.25 (3.4) ant ({3) Fig. 3.26 Let the middle point of P and T'be (hk) 2 the at and 2k= 3at age 1 2heax ty Locus of (hk) is 2y* =9ax. Asa=2,y°=9x. ‘72. ¢. Tangent to parabola y* = 4x having slope m is jomeede ‘Tangent to circle (x ~ 1)? + (y+ 2)°= 16 having slope m is (y+2)=m(x-1)+4V1 +a V+ mi — m—2 ~ Vm! Distance between tangents is ts Asm>O=d<4 73.4. io ‘i Fig. 3.29 Hence, common chord of given circles is line AP (which is intercept of tangent at point A between point Fig. 3.27 A and directrix). 1 bd 76. a. Since the normal at (ap*, 2ap) to y* = 4ax meets the Here =n (3 +0) parabola at (q?, 209), a--p-} @ Since OP 1 0Q, 2ap-0 , 2aq-0 ap—0" ag -0 =e(-p-p)=-4 [Using ()] =p=2 77. d. Given parabola is y* = 4x +8 or y* = 4(x + 2). Equation of normal to parabola at any point P() is : yante+2)+ 2+? It passes through (k, 0) if k= 1° => Ar — k) = 0. 3. Hence, it has three real values of if k> 0, 78. c. Equations of tangent and normal at Par’, 2at) are ty=x+ar and y=— t+ 2at+ ar, respectively. Thus, T= (—at*,0)andN= (2a + af’, 0). Also, S$=(@,0). r Hence, SP = a+ af", ST=a+ at” and SN= a+ at* Fig. 3.28 Thus, SP =ST=SN. ‘Tangent to parabola y* = 4x at (1, 2) will be the locus ake § as 79. b. Let AB be a normal chord where A = (af, 2at,), ae : B= (af, 2at,). Ifits midpoint is P(A, k), then syax+ 5 Be. 2h=a(4+0) Circle S,, taking focal chord AB as diameter, will touch =d(1, +1, -244] directrix at point P and circle Staking AP as diameter, will pass through focus § (since AP subtends angle 90° and 2k= 2a(t, + ,). at focus of parabola). 1 =-1 => pq=-4 80. ¢. Fig. 3.30 Les, (2a d= (24-4). Clearly, 24,04 -% 1 aie a4=nd Equation of normal at 4, is y=~t,x +44, + 24, = hn 4426 =44+2(12) =2B 81. c. yarn =m=-2,0=-2 2am — am? = -2(-2-2) ~ (-2(-2)' = -24 a ai=4 $2. d. Wehave a= 1. Normal at (m7, — 2m) is y= mx —2m — mi’. Given that normal makes equal angle with axes, then its slope m=+ 1. ‘Therefore, point P is (m", ~ 2m) = (1, +2). 83. ¢. Let A= (@,f) ‘The normal at (af, 2at) is y =~ tx + 2at + ar? + a + Qa-ay— Let, 1,1, be roots of Eq, (1), then at’ + Qa-ayt—B = a(t-1,) (t-t,) (#1) @) -mx+cis anormal to y*=4arife=~2am~am', , Let P= (af, 2at,), O= (af 2at,) and R'=( af, 2ar,) Since the focus Sis (a, 0), SP= ai +1) Similarly, SQ= af +1), and SR = af, +1) Putting == V=T in Eg. @), ‘we have ~ai+ (Qa-a)i- B= ai 4)@-4)(i5) = (a~a)i-B\=a(i-t,) (i-n) (i-1,) Vaart Fmalith Vite + = aVe—aF +P Varah Yar at Ya af > aS? = SP SQ*SR 84. d. Ends of latus rectum are P(a, 2) and Pa, ~2a). Point P has parameter‘, = 1 and point Phas parameter i=l Normal at point P meets the curve again at point O whose parameter 4 =— 1,7 =. Normal at point P’ meets the curve again at point © whose parameter) =— 1-7. =3. Hence, point Q and 0 have coordinates (92, ~6a) and (9a, 6a), respectively. Hence, 00'= 12a 85. d. Point (sin 8, cos 6) lies on the circle x* + y* = 1 for VOER ‘Now three normals can be drawn to the parabola y= 4ax if x = |2a) meets this circle. Hence, we must have cos 6 > |2ai. 0 B=(-a?,,0), D=(2a+ar,0). IfABCDisarectangle, ‘ then midpoints of BD and AC will be coincident. Puy => h+ af =2a+ar —ar, Stt,+ ems ke2a=0 => tana tan f+ tan? a =~ ; ; =h=2a,t=-F £89. b, Slope of normal at point P(s,) and Q(t.) is~f,and 9.4 4y=?—g ~ tf, respectively. x Equation of chord joining P (¢,) and Q (1,) is 4g . y~2at, = 7-27 (x- a) a or 2e~(f, +4)y+2an,=0 But (,=~ 1 Chord PQ is 2x (1, +4,)y~2a=0 oF 2x 2a)~(4, +, r=0, which passes through the fixed point (a, 0). = 4tn-4-2 Poy) enn Equation of the line through P parallel to 40. Fig. 3.35 Therefore, slope of normal = ~ 2- But slope of normal 95. b. Let the concyelic points bef. 1. f, and f Sh tytyty=0 Here, f, and r, are feet of the normals. So 4a, and 1,-~*, (from the given equation) => 4, +4,= 2 ands, +1,=-2 Adding, we get 2o(t+l\. a(ira)=° =x (2+4)=80 3441-0 =x) + 4x, -80=0, Which has one root x, = 4, Hence, x,= 4; y,=2 = This point lies on the axis of the parabola. 2 P=(4,2). . , 96. c. Axis of the parabola is x= 1. Any point on itis yee year ema (1, 4). Now distance of (1, 4) from (1, ~ 2) should be ytl=-7G-10) ‘more than the semi-latus rectum and (1, k) should be inside the parabola, hence k> 2, S2yt2=-x+10 7 Sxt2y-8=0 93. a. A circle through three conormal points of a parabola always passes through the vertex of the parabola. Hence, the circle through P, Q, R, $ out of which P,Q, Rare co-normals points will always pass through vertex (2, 3) of parabola. €. Normal at point P(x,, y,) = (af, 2at,) meets the parabola at R(t”, 2at st=-1,-3 a Normal at point O(x,, y,) = (af, 2a,) meets the parabola at R(at’, 2at) ain-4 -t @ From Eqs. (1) and (2), Now given that x, +x,=4 ae+dn4 SU tHP 4a’ =U, +1)=2N2 afr ab, tyl-n2 Given parabolas 2y? = 2x ~ 1 and 2x* = 2y ~ 1 are ‘symmetrical about the line y =x. Also shortest distance occurs along the common normal ‘which perpendicular to the line y = x. Differentiating 2y* = 2x — 1 w.rt. x, we get wear a$-d-12y-4 Hence, points are as show in the figure ‘Then, the shortest distance aot 4° \16* 16 “NE 98. d. ‘P16, 16) c yer Fig. 3.38 By property, centre of circle coincides with focus of parabola =C=4,0) pe = 16 tan @ = slope of PC=4$ Sense" ( 99. a. Let AB be a normal chord where A = (ar’, at), B= (ah 2). We have t, =—1—3. Now, ABP = [a(? AP +417 = 20-1) (+4) +4) nalere+F) (S44) _ 16d (1+ Ay é 2 “a = 16 ( fpaeefagen+fPar) =32d (1+ #7 (32=3=20 ) ex 20 +f 2 ae -2 For M4) 0-3 1= ¥2 for which 4B* is minimum, Ths, AB, = 49¢1 + 29°? = 2037 units 100... The equation of any normal be y=—ex-+ 2r+P°. Since it passes through the points (15, 12), = 1514202 =P-13-12=0 One rot is 1, thea (Ife +1 12)=0 Stn 134 Therefore, the conormal points are (1,— (16,8). Therefore, centroid is (7°, 0). 101.4. For a focal chord f, = — 1 and for the norm! 10, +4)+2=0. 2),(9,~6), and Rt1t2=0 4 Therefore, r, is imaginary. $02.b: Soving thn nny = Gr t+1=0 sx-328 yr? Suppose point D is (x,,y,), then NtRty AO 32408 +2-W+y,=0 = y,-4 then x,= 4. ‘Therefore, the point is (4, 4). 103.¢. Equation of the normal is y = mex — 2am — am? Putting y = x, = 2a+ am; xj 20+ am, x,=2a+ ami, where x,,.x,,%, ate the intercepts on the axis of the parabola. ‘The normal passes through (h, ). = am! + (2a~hym+k=0, which has roots m,, m, m, which are slopes of the =>m,+m,+m,=0 and mm + mg, + mm > m+ mi + m= (m, +m, + my ~ Am,m, + mm, +myn) 2@a—h) aaa 8. 34, +x, +x,= 6a ~22a~h)=2(h+a) 104e. ceva Fig. 3.39 Equation of normal at P(, 1) is yo 1=-26-1) ory+2e=3 ao Directrix of the parabola y? = x is xe} 2 Centre of the circle is intersection of two normals tothe circle, e., Eqs. (1) and (2) which is Hence, radius ofthe circle is iy 7 5, 25 _ SVS We) = Fe ZF -E 105.4. Let y = mx + ¢ intersect »? = 4ax at A(af,2at,) and Blat, 2at,). mY nth a4t4-3 Let the foot of another normal be O(af, 2at,). Then, 1 tht=0 ya ty=-2 us, other fot is (84, 2 in terms of m is 106.b, Tangent to y* = 1 ye Normal to x° = 4dy in terms of m is = mx +25+5 yrme+2b+e5 If these are same lines, then 1 6 waned = 2bm?~m+b=0 For two different tangents 1-88 >0 =i< ye 107.. Normals to y? = 4ax and x? = 4by in terms of m are y= mx ~ 2am — am? andy = mx+ 26+. Fora common normal, 2b + bim? + 2am + am? =0 => am’ + 2am’ + 2bm+b= 0 This means there can be most five common normals. 108. a. Fig. 3.40 Given curve is (y— 2° = 4(¢+1) Focus is (0, 2) Point of intersection of the curve and y= 4 is (0, 4). From the reflection property of parabola, reflected ray passes through the focus. +. x= 0 is required line 109.d. Solving the equations, we get Peat ed If circle and parabola touch each other, then D=0 = 16-416 -a)=0 sa=n3 1d.

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