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    Height of Instrument Method

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    koppolusrinivasulu
    This document describes the Height of Instrument (HI) method for reducing leveling staff readings to obtain reduced levels (RL) of points. It provides an example of using the HI method to calculate RLs from staff readings where the instrument was shifted after the third and sixth readings. It also gives examples of using the HI method on sloping ground and continuously sloping ground, including calculating the gradient.

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    Height of Instrument Method

    Uploaded by

    koppolusrinivasulu
    766 views17 pages
    This document describes the Height of Instrument (HI) method for reducing leveling staff readings to obtain reduced levels (RL) of points. It provides an example of using the HI method to calculate RLs from staff readings where the instrument was shifted after the third and sixth readings. It also gives examples of using the HI method on sloping ground and continuously sloping ground, including calculating the gradient.

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    This document describes the Height of Instrument (HI) method for reducing leveling staff readings to obtain reduced levels (RL) of points. It provides an example of using the HI method to calculate RLs from staff readings where the instrument was shifted after the third and sixth readings. It also gives examples of using the HI method on sloping ground and continuously sloping ground, including calculating the gradient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    766 views17 pages

    Height of Instrument Method

    Uploaded by

    koppolusrinivasulu
    This document describes the Height of Instrument (HI) method for reducing leveling staff readings to obtain reduced levels (RL) of points. It provides an example of using the HI method to calculate RLs from staff readings where the instrument was shifted after the third and sixth readings. It also gives examples of using the HI method on sloping ground and continuously sloping ground, including calculating the gradient.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    HEIGHT OF INSTRUMENT METHOD

    Methods of Reducing Levels


    Height of Instrument Method
    • This method consist of finding H.I. for every
    setup of instrument, and then obtaining the
    R.L. of point of reference with respect to H.I
    Height of Instrument Method
    Example
    • The following staff readings were observed
    successively with a level the instrument is moved by
    third, sixth and eighth readings.
    • 2.228 :1.606 :0.988 :2.090 :2.864 :1.262 0.602 :1.982
    :1.044 :2.684 m
    • enter the reading in record book and calculate R.L. if
    the first reading was taken at a B.M of 432.383m
    H.I. Method

    CHECK Σ B.S-Σ F.S = 5.964-6.916= -0.952 = LAST R.L-FIRST R.L= 431.432-432.384=-


    • The following readings were taken with a dumpy
    level and 4m leveling staff. The instrument was
    shifted after 3rd and 6th readings. The readings are
    2.665, 3.225, 2.905, 1.85, 0.98, 2.62, 1.585, 0.96,
    0.425. m Enter the above readings in a page of level
    book and calculate R.L. of points, if the first reading
    was taken with a staff held on B.M. of 240 m. use
    rise and fall method. Apply arithmetic checks
    HI Method
    Station B.S. I.S. F.S HI RL Remarks
    A 2.665 242.665 240 .00 BM
    B 3.225 239.44
    C 1.85 2.905 241.61 239.76 3rd CP
    D 0.98 240.63
    E 1.585 2.62 240.575 238.99 6th CP
    F 0.96 239.615
    G 0.425 240.15
    CHECK ∑ BS- ∑ FS L.RL –F. RL

    6.1 5.95
    ∑ BS- ∑ FS= 0.15 L.RL –F. RL= 0.15
    Example
    • The Following observations were taken with dumpy level and
    4 m leveling staff. The instrument were shifted after the 4th
    and 7th reading. The first reading was taken on a bench mark
    whose R.L. was 15.575 m. prepare a page of level book and
    calculate RL of all the points. The observations were taken at
    every 30 m interval. Use H.I. Method. Observations are:
    0.565, 1.250, 1.675, 3.695,0.125, 2.345, 0.500, 1.785, 2.535.
    Observations are: 0.565, 1.250, 1.675,
    3.695 (CP),0.125, 2.345, 0.500 (CP), 1.785, 2.535.
    Station B.S. I.S. F.S HI RL Remarks
    A 0.565 16.14 15.575 BM
    B 1.250 14.89
    C 1.675 14.46
    D 0.125 3.695 12.565 12.44 CP
    E 2.345 10.22

    F 1.785 0.500 13.85 12.065 CP


    G 2.535 11.315
    CHECK ∑ BS- ∑ FS L.RL –F. RL

    2.47 6.73
    ∑ BS- ∑ FS= -4.26 L.RL –F. RL= -4.255
    GRADIENT
    • Gradient of line AG = Diff of RLs
    Length

    • Gradient of line AG = 4.260


    180

    = 1
    42.25

    = 1 in 42.25 Gradient.
    Example
    The following readings are taken on continuous
    falling ground with staff of 4 m the are 0.4 m,
    0.765, 1.270, 2.56, 3.22, 3.95, 0.390, 1.690, 3.5,
    0.8, 1.920, 2.45, 3.98. Enter the reading in the
    page of level book and calculate the RLs of all
    point if the first reading was taken on Benchmark
    of 100m.
    0.400, 0.765, 1.270, 2.560, 3.220, 3.950, 0.390,1.690,3.500,0.800,1.920, 2.450,3.980
    (Continuous Sloping Ground) 4m staff

    Station B.S. I.S. F.S HI RL Remarks


    A 0.400 100.4 100.00 BM
    B 0.765 99.635
    C 1.270 99.13
    D 2.560 97.84
    E 3.220 97.18

    F 0.390 3.950 96.84 96.45 CP


    G 1.690 95.15

    H 0.800 3.500 94.14 93.34 CP


    I 1.920 92.22 CP
    J 2.450 91.69
    K 3.98 90.16
    ∑ 1.59 11.43
    CHECK ∑ BS- ∑ FS= -9.84 m L.RL –F. RL= -9.84 m
    Example
    • The following consecutive readings were taken with a level
    and a 4m staff at a common interval of 30m; The first reading
    was taken at B.M. having R.L. =100m. The instrument were
    shifted after the 4th and 9 th readings. Rule out a page of a
    level book, enter the readings given and also calculate the
    reduced levels of the points by the collimation method. Also
    apply arithmetic checks.
    • Consecutive readings are: 2.650, 1.745, 0.625, 0.260, 2.525,
    2.160, 1.235, 0.870, 1.365, 0.625, 1.790, and 2.535.
    Consecutive readings are: 2.650, 1.745, 0.625, 0.260 (CP), 2.525, 2.160,
    1.235, 0.870, 1.365 (CP), 0.625, 1.790, and 2.535.
    Station B.S. I.S. F.S HI RL Remarks
    A 2.65 102.65 100 m BM
    B 1.745 100.905
    C 0.625 102.025
    D 2.525 0.260 104.915 102.39 CP
    E 2.160 102.755
    F 1.235 103.68
    G 0.87 104.045
    H 0.625 1.365 104.175 103.55 CP
    I 1.79 102.385
    J 2.535 101.64
    K 5.8 4.16
    ∑
    CHECK ∑ BS- ∑ FS= 1.64 m L.RL –F. RL= 1.64 m
    EXAMPLE
    • The following consecutive readings were taken with a
    level and a 4m leveling staff on a continuously
    sloping ground at a common interval of 30 m on line
    AB.
    Chainag 0 30 60 90 120 150
    e
    Level 0.585 0.930 1.95 2.845 3.645 3.93
    Station A B

    The reduced level (RL) of station A is 50.00. Calculate the


    reduced levels at all the points where the leveling staff is placed.
    Tabulate the results and apply usual checks. Also determine the
    gradient of line AB.
    EXAMPLE (HI Method)
    Station B.S. I.S. F.S HI RL Remarks

    A (0 m) 0.585 50.585 50.00 BM


    B (30 m ) 0.930 49.655
    C (60 m) 1.950 48.635
    D (90 m) 2.840 47.745
    E (120 m) 3.645 46.94
    F (150 m) 3.930 46.655
    G (180 m)
    CHECK ∑ BS- ∑ FS L.RL –F. RL

    0.585 3.930 3.345


    ∑ BS- ∑ FS= -3.345 m L.RL –F. RL= 3.345 m
    THANKS !

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