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03 - Variables - HANDOUTS

This document discusses two major types of variables in quantitative studies: independent and dependent variables. The independent variable is the presumed cause that is manipulated by the researcher and is unaffected by the dependent variable. The dependent variable is the presumed effect that is measured by the researcher and assumes the change brought about by the independent variable. It also mentions extraneous variables, which are unwanted variables that influence the experiment outcome in an undesirable way.

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JOSEPH EARNEST TIEMPO
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11 views1 page

03 - Variables - HANDOUTS

This document discusses two major types of variables in quantitative studies: independent and dependent variables. The independent variable is the presumed cause that is manipulated by the researcher and is unaffected by the dependent variable. The dependent variable is the presumed effect that is measured by the researcher and assumes the change brought about by the independent variable. It also mentions extraneous variables, which are unwanted variables that influence the experiment outcome in an undesirable way.

Uploaded by

JOSEPH EARNEST TIEMPO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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03/09/2023

03
PRACTICAL
RESEARCH 2
VARIABLES

Two Major Types of Variables


In a quantitative study, what are being studied are
This is the presumed
usually measurable data, how one variable will affect cause.
This is the presumed
another. effect.
The independent
This variable assumes
Variables defined as anything that has a quantity or variable is the variable
the change brought
that is being
quality that varies. manipulated by the
about by the other
variable (independent
They are anything that takes on different values, researcher.
variable).
typically numerical values. It is stable and
This is the variable
unaffected by the
The age of an individual, their gender, their height, other variable that you
that is being measured
weight, hair color, health parameters like vital signs, by the researcher.
are trying to measure.
It is commonly known
hobbies and a lot more are examples of variables. It is commonly known
as the Y variable.
as the X variable.
VARIABLES VARIABLES

Extraneous Variables
The unwanted variables. Their presence
influences the outcome of the experiment
in an UNDESIRABLE way.

Example:
The researchers randomly assign students to
two groups. All of the students study text
materials on a calculus topic for 60 minutes.
Half of the of the group (experimental) studied
the text with classical music while the other
half (control) studied the lesson without the
presence of any type of music.

VARIABLES

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