325 - Fluid Mechoics Fluid Hechanice a Section =P applied mechanics @ncemed eth | the. hehogre ein end gases pute Rb ROIE Wo. AY cL est Fluid. Statics = ~ at motion =>) Fluid Dynamics 1 # Definition Po fad A Fluid na Bee OMG Substonce stat eda i Butinuoustyy wher lactecl on. by fiw ‘Shearing Stoess gh) ony Dade sit = TX othe words fl eh nn bagks onesists Shawty sresies a => Fluids af test have ne sheet Stresses Bi oH fy Fr 7 7S A sheanilgy-d8hea is evaded: tlio a Peagaghial: Covad wae acts on aw Seirohigon ry n- norma) plane T= Shaney sttex Alony Paget Plane. Govikeriht daily. SUAS taruirsdn an resigt eter anivay Daas Cosi alt Opyiah voted permenant leBewertion = Hove at Cived” miteostructare. ae Dimencional, Homogeneity and unis __ spe mavy gaat ities) + Leng! Sapte! o time. Flee + Wiass mm + Tampa er (6) —These pavnory (or asic) quewlities Con be wsecb se prvi a cpseneti quali i techie asses te fo ony other Secondary fi eontshy 4, e,g Velocity oI = sitiicgey| foie. ML omd Son: WwThe climensieat fb He LHS = olimensions of Pa RHS shen = spealscline ap crs AS ~ _Geread homegenens ayvudions — cad s ° cme Syston nih. eg ver = restadted hemonencon’ — fw ae syste ef omits 8 gis pe deeg Vee R Csr unis) Units . 1 i SI wr US Customary (Englis4 ) Length (m) 3 Leng Gb) Time CS) Tivos 6S). mass Ky) Force \b) For (N)* : mags = Glug)" tN 2 Th Gre retard! to ee 7 HN Ug) oP mass om vcelortion : G Ss) Noe kgs mw gy s / c Be Viel see g 32.2 fh os Ee Common Conversion Lrcloy _ 4 ze » 204 Fv 1th = 444gr N AL Slyy = IH. 5938 ky* Flad poperbes Srna an de Pine] as mass per onit Volume 4. Fluid deasiby 2 (mass / unit velom) pe Whe t - * vw ST system — Pom ko/we Us system Bim Shas / FE” = SpeciPic Volume WB» 1 CVol /unit mass) Specie weidt 6 2° eg Cwught/vait vel.) = speci}ic ashy S Gn e CRelative density) Bae HEC cache Mer at bighet dent whee Oe pute = boo Ba Av? ~ Compressible $ miomprcdi fads Pe ity ~ Lguids are Compressible Side ce “Pa conte Ne Bass ane Sopra. Mads => Pay comstuct —Teleal (Pikes) Gas tus Gases are Wighly PASSE iw Comparison to Niquiels The Change om gas dawsity is velnbad 4p changes i pressure ond stem perdwe hy z : ‘pes we ie RT c woWere 2 Ps dysoludde PM SOs == alos. Tem peredue R= Qes_den = Nalid onder normal condos when ges ort Ge Brown Liquetaetion (hquelection 2} goes is aysial Cowesion ¢ & gas into aliquid stite ) z Nott Row specie do Ha particule ons is)2 Presse tote We e ~ Pressuine Jack lee point iwi Plwid co magnitnda ft the “afaad chs ____actawy-ron! om element smefes SA mrroumol Hach! Pelvtiy fe oe Che Fs =P BA: a er p._lFl ee 4A ytd _f rs, OAR he ivisngions op) prewtt owl there dS Pe Lt wey onifil = N/a Cals called ah pastal, Pa) in $2 units ica D/P § psf) or thf Psi) im US Custslnany ells L ean ! eee Presare in om igheal gas axpressech of on absolde gresmie (abs) Tie wmeasuttd celina tp Zere eet (Vacs Paseat) snapped - = level intadeouailee : 404.3. ies (abs offen. im eaginasdowy, We Méasine roe ar Ao 7 th aint gi Tah Sale la Boa +f gage pressure ine Absolde Peicure ee ee (4)_3. Ss aee vee Fil. 2eKS val I a_ Pld a td denis * Chad e Blid 14 of the, Plaid. 7 “rt is He Property whidy gives. riser - see etal Newton's asl >. — aes patil | ‘exipitenstl + metteriad placed between de very wide plates + Loat with Pxrce Pas shown. we Porcan) elastic: solid \merterial, the snail angular Sina BBR Calle shearw, stmin) i x te Tlsheor! shes) stom § 2% What sf ee al 4g lade as ae + The upper pide will move ee with a ans U as Shown above ailave als Lr consistent ab a S aAWhin is 2 Zi « a Sheasey “sttess applied os a. ‘Pheacl, wu vl aie © “the Pll Contivrwously bp o 9 » Flud in Contact with upper plak moves “with ele | uU Pash fa Plead ome Hy Pivid in Contact with lower Pitre moves wily Zero velouty 1 => ttermedtinde Dud velouty uz uly) bre alinear profile 1A = 4s s gy TE wes Sonal tah ie Pec VA ee — Ce ie Tx hg Te Boe THBDate 1.@ +h Sheo stain is __ simply relited tT (as be sal Thane Boe vw > fr _lineat proPile foe ee But iv eo te _Valooity grdiet is curve U ro HEHE du oe dv For Gmmon Dluids ( waker oil, air) Te Madu |= Newer law P dy Viseosi ty fs PEP Ee NS Ten “US Ib. s/ FE™ wher: [A = absolute Viicos 4 Lor dynamic Vistesity ) fT Br im a st [oe oe og (ot fer wewronian Linids, Hu VS@siby i> 9 Fras thermodynamic Pepery ond Vavias with temperduos emel pressure » PaM CTP)» MCT) C mild dependences on Presson ) Fix Mgaids. Tf ML oeces i TH MT - me Kinemedhit Vitesjhy Dis Hu tein = dy Varcesity tr mait dewsly CE Ideal Quid >Meo SeExo, i= ate Ne. eee Ce, ens ee @ rodins ef th Ha Shown Cone teptearts the velscity gadicat at «particule = the envedbiinn Fhe 1090 sels Hoe Carve is Ss fe ~V=B (2 4) zeQ A dass vol charge will, Length Sel Z Shearing Stress, “C= 1 a > ae ieseetenenaa aie «pd 2 ee eee ; reg Bone Tt is cleoe thed (TI is a Renelion of Cr) (CT _ charges wits ¢ SSS 4- At Pipe wall CY =¥) ~~ = = ete Tren) =. Bre ees. on pipe well a Suit - Ths Bye Fe Fluid cs 2 Friction Bey lected on da + : df= ta He i =o Tis auido on He Sudha oWich Ww anti: eth : aoe A= wh ss EPP SPPrE err ereeereePr ere eraeereeerr FEETdeal gas i 4 Ide) Pld >M ve no ie elas Ey -- AGP wher: dufy dp-ol aes Change “presi -e a Cag i a ere Wola, Also called bik modulus P olasticify A t K Vaperj are Evaporati: oa taker plac betadse Some liquid molecules af fhe Sex Pace how 2 swPiciend, ee coMesive forces and escape ivte the atmosphere # Cavi tation | ae i hid Vapor develops as dong as no air is tet [baa i [ae nC Vacuum ) * The presume thet the Wepor exerts on the Ligaid Surber is Heemecl the vixPor pressure ~ ae + Values and the Specie weit Pe tguid iS dwt Nae? i ih the Sur Sian Fee fs Lipids : Sel he toe eoNen, Cou eR thes Z e oe “orn UhR "i xle@®,) * Voxle MH) x Zxie_ln) _ 2s @ 2 Cos o i e.ofo N9-206 xa 5 P_weler Neos clown om inclined os — suceior usury 3) iG F