CuRt Test) (sTE) (Pepe No.

Deto

a)Entist Gny a Actut ites of Tegt plonni ng

I) To delermoe he, Scop3the isiks tho
needto be testeol that Crre not to
testeo
) Oocunm entîng Test Strateq y
3) DefRning dest exit Citece

s) Preparins a Test
Test plao
SDedinga Test approach
DTesns Task&
9) Ta entìng re31PbnsibiliHe,Staflig teinii n

hat

Qtrorif quanthakle or Counta ble Sofhoaxe.

Chatct esies Solte metc

be need to
Othlbutoke testabty Comple?ty
relfabiAty mo otoinaly effeceoy
enhanceaSit
Softoore
uguability
Ihere Gnayalso need to measure Siz e )
 Data

Llhat s Test Appsoach.

test opproacb 5taaleyy purt
test plan: helps to denlt the opptpricde
to effeAtvely test
givan
The
1eature Os Com bination
test Statcqy r appraach Should 6gtt
fo fdenti iog he'
also need bE raypecive chjecie
pupbse o m£asusng

"Feature

9) Madel - based
3)Dynamîc

Tesng Cutoooti Da teing

*ManuaTeging
)Monul testfh is slouwg cesthy
2) Tt is veny aao atensiue t tokes a
long fme to lomple te
3) Lack of troining îs the Common pmlblo
4\Gu obects size dqrference Calo
Combinati on ore not asy
maaua teslinq
Qmount of data s
imp achcoQ

Atomoio Tesing
)Test Code & Bakend lssues
2) Timitotibn by obect Tdent iers.
 Peçe N.
Dete

3)Updation AnAatle enuibone nt

4) Auto motio s Goenswe

EaRst diceent tupes bE Defeot Clocs ot

Defect ClassSfcatio

Reguirement Design Tesfng Coing.

defect defect defect
Smiatexface Test
functionc defec + enuonoent
Totiorn
defect
defec+
Jatobase
Interface Use defect
Defe ct nterface test tool dekt Reloute
defect defect

module
defec t tePoct

dee ct

ts tsthe beneRts of Automction Tasting

o the apuO testing

Rme Cos s Saueat

4) Aceuraty
Consistenly
Ast
4) EEifenty is increos
Speedof execuâng teg4s is batter
1est Senp Areeusoble
T requeny thmughly
 Paga Na.
Data

ite doun Aduarrtages 4 Disaduonloges ot

Tssfag tools
"Advanaqes
) Sove Time l Speed
Due to oduancecl Camputng
Lacilfties automation test tols preuai l fo
Spesd OE pocessg +he teste.
2) Re pea tabify sasisiente
The Saune ests an be

lffacfaa

Automatal toaols can

4 efffeotiuely test the pie ct o the tegt

eodimemort befcre releasng he prcuct

ncseas es Cost oP the Slal SO

Reus akle - The oudonatel test on

be eu sfal on diffr nt Vessionof the
Sl euen 9f 4he intertace Chonge

tsoduantages

n S _ more expensve to etDnate

Intial înuetrnênts Ore bi ag em than
 Psge No.
Date

mounual testing
3) Test dota Glez are dfEtutt- to maiolan

alsays.
Monual tests Caa be veay oe lanuoes

3)hat s nee d of Delec+ Moncqement

Process.
bug. A SsPtooe
The efec+ s bug
Conich does not meet a sl reLisenent
end -use exception

eed op Defec onagenent Proc

deyelopment edice he ne Cost

Early de fect delention preuant delec

ntqulrement phas e to desln
desiqn phoge ntn implemeniotion
phase
999)Tt enhances uality by oacldiag Value to
the mos Aapartant cethbute
1ike. e a t y 1aintainabiit ePACienk
porobilit
" The. pupose oe defec monaqenm ent hoyom
Oherational suppr For soling
Tetetìng efecs.
 Pago Ma.
Data

-Gtve nput fo Slalu 4 poqressrpues

Give nput for the ret ecsQ advice

Sasight n the qual?tylevel of the Code

odocuméntatiun thet s benq
Defect- Dfscouem, Defoct Remnbual then
Ym poaêment cohic h fs Colietivel
a Defect monag esett press

Epleîn Tact Manag Cment pocsss

team to plan deuclop ecatg acces

test Mancqermontncludes2 -

Stondard s înclud ed r Tgt Mansqement

- ) Inteaal Siandarde
2) Etesnol Siandards

)Totegnal Slandords
- Thece Standor ds ore. deyslepsol
by ttha a deuelopment cganizatibas e
the otenal useprpose.

-Use of Totenol SBondoxds.

)rode lootinit
gR)Smplei Communicotons
99 suoplies benc hmarks bomermty

2)adenal Standoxds- These Ore the Stoncocis

 Page No,

Dete

made oyanentyextenal to or
Useal of ertenal Slondards
To fac?1itate the qualRtative
tdeniRation.

fálant ages of est Manageraert ptcau?

Tmpuueal Caranunftactoo
Tm pmeal Collabeotion
CuuStomer Sa fs facHoo
Redace Cost

Ste Sht not on Defect

Delec

preventing
-he Vari ation a AR 4 ER , khoen

Defect Con be defnel s

Sntonsteny
SoPtoore
the ehavioum o the

) Seuey Basis
 Data

1)poboifty Basts

.Couses Or defocts2

3).Comrpunîtation flure
O) Bucg thrd porty tols

Manual

Manue
tesfng
testfng nqur
Autoinsolioe Teaig
Autornoition Tsting is
humn egou-rre, is fasto than o morual
me onsuming as LoeTestinc

Tme CoasumSng & More testing in lecs

less effent

S)REcuut to ensure basy tt ensue

Sfficient tegt (oyerage reatet tet
To pesform automoton
testing cWe need
SkAled emplayes automgtion tools

rormeork
Tt is not reable

ESpeed of montal tectingSpeed o outomatioo

 Pago No.
Date

VH)Test Cases Connbt beTes as es Con be

Cas?ly xeuse

Aclo&
) No Enubnment 4)TapnyCo Predolon
mitatìon Tmpoueal
tLacreseo Scoliobit
knoale dq e s not

) less Actuat Campleh

manual testiag

49 Suspend citeSo

Su) Ent ent Caitefa.

Procuct Motica

999) e-hicy or Soumce (ode

3) oble 6Rendel tmetc
 (Pago No.
Dats

3) Explaiin Tegt People Monagement

People mangemart gs.anntegroal port o
any
-
prajec+ managemeh
As an
miiduocontibtea peson Tye

tivìty the to dolumet

not
necessemly
lohast needs to be coneSo that 4Can
Lhe accmlishe l by Someon lse
Peoplo Monogem@nt also egurer the
Labitity to hir otiate 4 etcin he xioks

Hreoa heac on into the tas isL

peple honogtsa
dpply to a type oF qnjeets
projects
Testing prejetpeesent Seueral oditioo
Changecoe belieye thati the Succes
testing nonttisn dependa atiauy on
Correfu peoemanagemest Skills.
Explafo Test
Tes Peple onayerooat
LBy ASsiqnment)

2)
htRedece
3) Bette Qual?t
cdupRcoci

Disoduanlaqsg
 (PagT M.

AhotS
A
Test ploo
test plcun Can bo. defed a a cdocune
that escaibe tho Scape, Gprcach schedul

ELlan Test Pesple onsyerocat

Lby AsslqnmentD

2)

3)BetHe- QUal?ty
Oisadwanlaqes.
) plainInataucte Managemert

testiingcAiiie
hat masdalely Sunprta

three esential element

A test Case databLLe (TC DR
41)elect êpositomy
19) Conhqrotisn Mongement

) The tho aasbioture the

Stangea
 (Pege No.
Date

Hordubar Autornated
9nRastuC

Advantages
Scalals}y
3) Tnbastuctee App)fcoti o.

Oisaduaniages?

bpla Sele ction ot enfo testing too)

Dne of the Challenging
& Test Arcbte 2s to select a tegi og taa

poses etpse - Loide, Gmplicaions

Shauid be Gddrassê ohen selstinq

Solution

991) Real-me Repocts 4Dachboaal

q0)Suppt ia Togt AutamotoO

enuionment
1)Cocoft the USe
Pago Mo.
Dalo

Pecove Tesig
e
 Cig. shows clossjication ofdetecle.

Deect classicaton

Requisemenl Desig
derect befect Tesling
DeAel
Coing
deect
puncHona
Dekc ’slminle-foceTest
defec envi-ital
tonme
Linteace USer inlef. derecl
2ation
Derect dere
Ocederect Lest tool oalob
bmodole defc dee! Ose
AlgoHthgic Testdi elaled
deecl gndefect dekect
Alg. clòSsi Cicoion Oe DeRc
Dequiiement cefkct
These defect oHises in ploduct
Undestarnd cohat is lequied byohenhe one fals to
Req. deect moy be cdue to customer.
Hhe cuslkome is unable to CUstome gap rohee
Oi piodUer 9ap cohere deeine his equiemenl5
i Eo nake developing teamis nolable
pioduct as pe
-Requl Lemen s
equie ments.
telaled deeols clossiciecd /nto
Deunciona 0eecta ave majnly about the gUnci
onalites pesen lLlabsenin the
ohich oe xpeckdl not ex pe cec applicaion
by the
Customer.

DinlerfoceDeRc!
essentol o3 pos
ak aboul vaHous nleroceg
talemcnl
the iequie monldoecl moy be due to use inkfoco
genealy the
poblems wilh connocliity lo Gtho
Poblems.
sls ncluding hlo elc.
 DDesign Dekect.:
These dekcls genelaly lefes to the aDy of
design cealHon of ils uscgs ohile ceaHng
a slo pI od uct
-The cUs tomer moy o moy no be in a pasI Hor
to undesland this defecks it'stivctues are
not caect.
They moy be due to problems coll desígn CHeaticn
and implemenation duing sDLC
-DES/gn elaled deecds moy be cassiAed as:
)Algoithrmic befect:
moy, be Intodued in a poduct of design and
vaious the decission ole not handed conecly.
) module Tnlerace Oeeck
tAyote about a commonuicaton pioblern ben
lnSvaiousmodules (e module IE Mocule give some
anothe
sane les ohich oe nol ecognizod by
dekects.
Tt Cueaes module ínlefoce
lc) Use InlerPoce DeRct t
derecticohee the
may be opart ofslm-ineface
applicaHon isa
other slm ooin9. aith the
human beng. ovigaHo)
USe fnleDoce defecls moy be apator
ohich aeRcS
look and pel type of derecLs
USability ok an applicakBon.

d) yslem inleoce derecks: caion CoDMUNation

moy be_ genealec hen appli
eiioNMen taJ oclos is hampered
ith coroing
moy be oable to iecognie iIp
5yslem
mOy not be able te
Erorn the, enutonmen oF vsed by the
totahecognie gIve olp och on be
enitonment.
 ) coding degect
derect moy OHse cohen designg ole ioplem.
These developnont|
enled oongly ic hee is absense oP
gbsence
Cocing slandards oE 'E thoy aLe cJrorgjtmoy
leod to Coding deecls
Some coding derects ove gien beloco.
vauiable decasaion and instalizaHon
derec ls ouses cohen vajables ove not initialzod
popely OF vaHoble ale not decloec) conecHy
Those bype oc cdeects tere to coHong Cocing
Dacises cohich moy aHses due to cotong
slondods oC deelopnent
b)CormmenHng| boCUmenLition Dects:
Coding also needs adeguale commeing to make
i Lgodobl andmaintaible ín.euluse
o pakabose sel aled deecks)
may ocu cohen a d]b is not Ceated appotunily
Or0EiS not opimised itrmoy be a port of desigo
defecs í d|b des ign is wong or itmay bea
Co ding deec is dlb is not igplemenled
ConecHy ag pe desig nec.

Testing Dekc
These lefcls ae intodued in an applicotio)
due toQong esng defecy in the Lest
cuil HocAs leading to colohg esti g.
 4Testing cekcl
clels are intoded in a applícokion
These
due totaQyong Egng desec in the Lest
uílC4ocAs leoding to coiong lesti 9
Po 9:

Vosest design deecls Can be

est otCocls Ehese
efe to deRct in Les Stenoios tesl can be
K dekd in kest plans)
definaHon cohich an lead Lo
and lest dako glo iit is not handed
deecl inioducion in
COHecH'y.
6)1esl tool deec deects iO.
that thee are no
geneaUy, absumed kest tool
tool, Any dekec intiaduced bya
o les!
may be vey cAcult to Pind and esole as
the derct using Man
one may have to And
tes as against ovoraled les
Tesl envjonment derct
envionmn ls rot sel
noy aHse @hen est
vihonment may be Corgp1Sied to
Apopely Test en and people doing
6u/ Ofbl slw simullatois
dopstng
Lest envionment definaon and elatiy
- 0E
mismakched it may leod to derecls. Tes
le tainjng above. ,
envjionment may indude opeato
Dereck i PlerenHon plocess -DeRct xing

tdeniry estimole oinjmie

ecled
piskIrppoc impoct
A9.plocesS deec ing

Detec Pevention is acycleOF Hsk onolysis

and action bosed on ito lonling Doreck
Pand in vei tication or valld otioo must be
el jasc and kepiesen the possible oec cA
jpprovenment ib deelopment and tesHng
ploces se. :
- Derec t plevenion pioce95 shown (n 9.:

Dideniey Htcal Risk Onea deict

TO lden tiy the types of derecls that
the lorges t Hsk Cori9
.These Hsk might include.

m15sing a key vequjemen

OEa slo pioduct or ploject ove the highest
PiOHty tequiement o cohich the customer
Use ae paying
oissing such equjlemenls esults into the
custorme d ssasiAcation oc egecion S)
product
roissing leq uiemernt cotongly inte-peling equjomst
o gIving sonething moe oxbo) than
by custorneh expecles
iepiesentajo Cose oF derect
b) itial opplicoton lthatdoes noL
curctiorn
-C4 tical pat of slm con be
use inleface (vi)
coith 6ome othe
systerm,pioce ssing of daBa
ond 9eneation OC outpot:

c)uendo 6Upplid a slo does not en Properly

 5)ca opplicoon slcothat does no cureton
octpopel9
-ciHcal pat OF slm can be user inlerface (v)
oith 6ome otheA Syslern pioce ssing or daa
and 9eneaHon OC outpot

)uendo 6Upplid a slo does not en propoty

DUHng 5]d deelopment apodutk may use seeal
blo slo componenks 6uppled by thus posly
Vendor iCthoseCohoponents to do cook IACan

Rion
slo thenpvoblem fok cus ornel
deeloprent cahle using be
Cinger to Ehe vendor othen Canhot pojnto
Sch Pail veg.
perfomance i5 Lnacceplobly_poor.
Aslm
moy be failto pefom Unde lood b
'stein ov User
UnstatiS Foctoiy thepeience oth sl) nay be
speed or
pefortnane.
hardwoe manuoctuing
manuacluing of blo moy
salisackion and uGoge of iopact custome
a s\m. ie USer
USe oa hlo due to can not
sl co olso Some leasons thern the
becornes Dse less
Hl0 o slo does not
This include and machineinegrale propaly
olong co0th the slo. e hetoules and pinls
does. not intesrale corth deeloped slm
moy not use it deined hlcuses

9) use unoble o unaoilling to hold neco slm 1.

 BhoIng to hold neo Sl

Estmale oxpecled iropoct

ohen CHHcal Hslk ove den eied the inancia!
impact Of each isk shoulcd be eglimoled
-The expecled iropact Of Hsk (E) is cacDlolec

cohere
P is the pobobillly of the Hsk becoroi ng a
Problem:
T/s the jMpocto£ dol la ie the Hsk becomea
problero.

[Po

8) minimi2e expecled igpoct

Ox per led impoct lsa oPfecled by the action
that i5 taken onced pioble i5 ec0gnzed
Oinigizing e.g. TNvo|ves oropbination op
thofol looing and sategies
eliminale the Risk CGcto oRdicty motd
Red oce the piobabilily of(PlSK becoging poble
) Reduce the iropact ic thee isa probler.
 lice cycle and Defect teroPlale
peect
Derec| bug life Cycle whhchadefect
- Defect |ce cycle is a cycle
goeg thBough duing its ire time.
Defect Ie cycle aJso khown as (buiPecycle.
iA0s slart coben derect ls/Pouhdyornd end
cohen a derect 0closed, arter ¿nsUHng thal
14is not eprcduced
Guq Pound Revews Commilee
ierjews the buq
Open Reneo

bugs is noti Tester And

Pixed
Resol ved Gug not
Ldeelope |
xes ther ( jopatonl
bugs (mino
Tek chal closed
he DeLrered
bugs AIxec
bug may + gug moy
hot
Fulve occUjr
Aa. Defect Gug |ife
cycle
 pefeck lje cycle include
olocojng sleps
Dopen
ohen bugis Cist ound by slco leste a
|a99ed and assigned to a veport is
xedthis stale is Caled openpiogvomrnerLobe
slae.
)Resolved
- once piogiagme Axed the code be ossign veport
bock to the lesler and the bug enles the
esolved stale. the tesler ther perforry a ve ica
tlon est to conAm that the bug is indeed
eixed ound ie it Ísclose the veport:

3)closed
the bug then enles ils einal stale the
closed tale.

4) Reviec)
geneic: |0fe cycle hos to oddiional stales. and
exta Conne cHng lines The releo slale is ohee
the projecB monoger o the CoMojlee CCGc)
change ct boord decide cohethe the bug.
should be Axed.
hao Howofxatfstorfot
5) Decleved
the obhe added slake is defere. should Levlec
consicleed
moy deleroine that the bug should be
Autue, botno
for Axing t S0me time in the
fok this eleose ofsl
-The odditional line Pom the hesolve sBale
siluakioncohee
bock to open stae coves the
hosnt been ed
the kesle Ainds that the bug cycle epeals.
bugs lie
it gel5 eopend and the