Internet stands for the International Network of computers.

It is a network of
computers from all over the world that allows users to share information and
communicate with each other.

Uses of Internet:
There are unlimited reasons for which people use the Internet. The ability to
communicate with people all over the world quickly and economically has made it
very popular. Some of the popular uses of internet are:

1. Getting information on any topic (searching)

2. Sending and receiving messages instantly (e-mails)

3. Communicating with others on the Internet (chatting)

4. Sharing files and software

5. Paying bills and managing bank accounts online

6. Watching and playing games, movies, music, etc.

7. Booking and cancelling tickets for trains, cinemas, etc.

8. Looking for latest news and results updates

9. Buying/selling things and having them delivered to our homes (e-commerce).

Advantages of the Internet:

Some of the advantages of using the internet are:

1. We can send and receive information through email service for both business and
personal purposes.

2. We can make donations online.

3. Internet has opened doors for virtual online offices.

4. During the festive season, we don't need to visit crowed stores to buy our stuff.
We can make online purchases at a bargain price.

5. We can send birthday greeting cards through the internet.

6. Before making any purchases, we can check online for user reviews of

the products that we intend to buy.

7. We can connect to many people using social media applications like facebook.
8. We can also sell old items that are of no use for us using sites like olx.

9. During idle time, we can listen to music or watch a video.

10. All the online facilities provided can be done any time during the day.

11. It saves our time.

Disadvantages of the Internet:

Some of the disadvantages of using the internet are:

1. We often tend to purchase those extra items that we rarely need. Such purchases
are a wastage of money.

2. The internet is not free. Sometimes, it hurts while paying bills.

3. There are hundreds of vendors selling products of various brands. We get

4. Hacker may get into your system and derive useful information.

5. The goods shown online and what you actually get may be different.

6. Your system may get infected with virus, if adequate precautions are no taken.

7. The online games may be too addictive and may waste considerabl amount of
time.

8. Information that you receive from the internet may be completely untrue.

9. People may take advantage of your innocence in the social media.

Basic Terminologies of the Internet:

Here is an explanation of the basic terminologies of the Internet:

World Wide Web:

World Wide Web is a collection of interconnected pages that contain text, pictures,
audio, and movies. It was developed by Tim Berners-Lee, a software engineer in
1989. World Wide Web is popularly known as the Web or W3. These specially
formatted documents are text documents created in HTML, a formatting language.

Web Browser:

A web browser is a software that is used to access the pages on the World Wide
Web into your computer. Some examples of web browsers are:
1.Safari

2.Opera

3.Firefox

4.Internet Explorer

5.Chrome

Webpage

The pages that make up the World Wide Web are known as webpages. A webpage
can contain any type of information and can include text, colour, graphics, animation
and sound. A webpage is created using a language called HTML (Hyper Text
Markup Language). It can be seen or accessed using a web browser. It has its own
web address.

Hyperlinks

A webpage may contain links to other pages or to another place in the same
webpage. These links are known as hyperlinks. A hyperlink may be a text or a
picture. The mouse pointer generally takes the shape of a hand when it is moved
over a hyperlink. When you click a hyperlink, the part that it is linked to, opens in the
browser window.

Website

A website is a collection of web pages containing information that is related.

A web page is what you see on the screen when you type in a web address, click on
a link or put a query in search engine.

Home Page

This is the first and introductory screen on the Website of World Wide Web which is
used to greet visitors. Generally, this page contains index and linked text or graphics
related to this page. Note that a web page set as the default or start-up page on a
browser, which opens up whenever you start your browser application, is also
sometimes called the Home page.

Web Address and URL

Just as every house in the city has a unique address, similarly, every website or
webpage has a unique address. URL or Uniform Resource Locator is the address of
a web page. It is unique for each web page. Examples of URLs are:

.
http://www.nationalaeographic.com/
http://www.cartoonnetworkindia.com/

A web address generally takes you to the website's home page, which introduces
you to what that site offers in terms of information or other services. From the home
page, you can click on links to reach other sections of the site.

Surfing

The act of moving from one website/webpage to another by clicking on hyperlinks or

Browsing the Internet

You already know that a web browser is required to access a webpage. Let us study
how to see a web page using Microsoft Edge. Microsoft Edge is an inbuilt web
browser in Windows 10.

Starting Microsoft Edge

There are three ways you can open Microsoft Edge in Windows 10:
Way 1: Open it via its icon on taskbar.

Click the Microsoft Edge icon on the taskbar.

Way 2: Access the browser from Start Menu.

Open Start Menu, and then choose Microsoft Edge in it.

If there isn't a title named Microsoft Edge in the Start Menu, you can choose All apps
and select Microsoft Edge in the list.

Way 3: Open it by searching.

Type micro in the search box on the taskbar, and hit Microsoft Edge in the result.

The most important components of Microsoft Edge window are:

Back Button: It is used to go back to the previous page. You can press back multiple
times if you have browsed through many pages. Each time the back button will take
you from the current page to the previous page.

Forward Button: It is used to go to the next page. This button can be used only if you
have made use of the Back button to browse through the previous webpages.

Refresh Button: This button is generally used to reload the web page into the
browser.
Address Bar: The URL of the website is entered in the address bar.

After entering the URL, press Enter or click the Go button to access the website. To
surf the World Wide Web, the steps are:

1. Click on the Address bar. Any existing address will be highlighted.

2. Type the website address, i.e.,http://www.yahoo.com and Press Enter key.

Online Safety

Internet is a beautiful thing. It breaks down barriers and brings minds together in
ways that were unthinkable less than 50 years ago. Our civilization's greatest
advancements in recent years have come from technological breakthroughs.
However, it can also be dangerous when it comes to students and the internet.

The best practices related to online safety are:

1. Only visit approved Internet sites. So ask your teacher which websites to visit.

2. You should always ask your teacher before you give out your personal

information over the internet.

3. Tell your teacher if you see something uncomfortable or inappropriate.

4. Never download anything without your teacher's permission.

5. Print only if you have permission.

6. Never change settings of the web browser without permission.

Responsibilities of a Good Digital Citizen:

The term "digital citizenship" is used to identify digital rights and responsibilities.

It focuses on how Internet users should manage online relationships, provide

1. Cyberbullying

There are numerous social networking sites which are interesting and addictive. As
you create your own content, you are responsible for how you interact with other
digital users. And you are responsible for protecting yourself against abusive
relationships.

2. Internet Safety
You should not believe anyone you have made friendship online as you have never
seen this person physically. Even if you have seen physically, you may not know the
person fully. Therefore you need to be sensible and always ask your parents and
teachers for help.

3. Netiquette

Netiquette refers to the correct or acceptable way of using the Internet. It means
respecting other users' views and displaying common courtesy when posting your
views on online discussion groups.

4. Reporting Offenders

Safety is always important. Should you notice improper activities on a website going
on or your friend shows an inappropriate behaviour, please report it to your teachers
or parents.

5. Digital Law

Apart from protecting yourself, you need to learn the laws that govern Internet
activities. For example:

Do you know and understand digital copyright procedures?

Are you familiar with websites that involve software pirating?

How can you prevent someone from stealing your identity?

How do you identify Internet scams?

Can you prevent hackers from invading your system?

Recap Zone:

Internet is a global network of computers.

Internet displays websites that provides huge amount of information.

WWW stands for World Wide Web, which is a collection of interconnected websites.

Web Pages are built using HTML.

The name of a website is referred by its web address or URL.

The process of visiting different web pages online is called Surfing.

Microsoft Edge is a Web Browser.

Netiquette is an important responsibility of a good digital citizen.