DESCRIBING THE HISTORY

OF EARTH THROUGH
GEOLOGIC TIME
for Earth Science – Senior High School (Core Subject)
Quarter 2 / Week 8

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 FOREWORD

This SLK is made to guide the students in learning significant concepts

about The History of Earth through the geologic time scale. The SLK serves as
an instrument for distance learning to be realized.

With the guidance of parents or guardians, the learners are advised to

go through the learning kit page-by-page in an ascending manner for a
systematic organization of concepts. Do every activity and answer every
question honestly and sincerely. It is hoped that this SLK makes authentic
learning possible. Lastly, use the SLK with care.

Perform the pre-activity and answer the post-test/post sincerely on a

separate sheet of paper. Be sure to write your complete name and with
proper indications.

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OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

a. describe the different subdivisions of the geologic time scale;

b. make either a poster or a jingle as an expression of their
understanding about the History of the Earth; and
c. cite the importance of knowing the history of Earth through
geologic time scale.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Describe the history of the Earth through geologic time.

(S11ES-Iij-39)

I. WHAT HAPPENED

Hi there! I am teacher Jack

again. In the previous lesson you
have learned how the Geologic
Time Scale was developed by
geologists from Europe using the
Index Fossils.
This time we will discuss about
the major divisions and
subdivisions in the geologic time Source:

scale. https://www.google.com/search?q=male%20teacher%20cart
oon%20transparent%20background&tbm=isch&hl=en&hl=en
&tbs=rimg%3ACRW0CtvaqwGvYdZ1Wpf4QkV9&sa=X&ved=0

Are you ready? CB0QuIIBahcKEwjQtNfUl_rAhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQBw&biw=1

306&bih=591#imgrc=tP6gwB_ihvWMKM&imgdii=6RUGY9slh
vezpM

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PRE-ACTIVITIES/PRE-TEST:
Do this!
Activity 1: My Own Life History

Materials:

• construction papers (yellow, green, blue, pink)

• marker pen, ruler, pair of scissors, glue

Procedure:

1. Make a paper strip that represents your timeline.

2. Measure each construction paper by 2 inches (width) and 2.5 inches
(length).
3. Cut the measured construction paper using the pair of scissors.
4. Let each meta strip represent a corresponding grade level (per year) in
your student life.
Kindergarten – green JHS – blue
elementary – yellow SHS – pink
5. In every meta strip in a horizontal position, indicate the grade level it
represents starting from kindergarten.
6. Under the grade level write the most memorable event that had
happened during that grade level. (You may ask assistance from your
parents/ guardians.)
7. Attach the right side of the first meta strip to the left side of other meta
strip using glue. Continue attaching the others in an ascending or
increasing grade level.
8. Using the marker pen and ruler, draw a straight line along the boundaries
between each meta strip to indicate division per year level.
9. Following the straight line drawn, fold the strip in an accordion manner
with kindergarten level on the topmost and SHS level at the last.

Questions: (Answer in your notebook)

1. What is the most challenging part in doing the activity?
2. How were you able to identify the most memorable event in every
grade level?
3. In what stage or level in your student life did you spend the longest?
What made you say so?
4. How is the activity related to the Geologic Time Scale of Earth?

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 You have tried recalling and recording your own life
history. What about the history of Earth? How is it
presented? And how was it made known?

https://www.google.com/search?q=dinosaur+fossil+clipart+black+and+white&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiGj4qpx-_rAhXfzIsBHfW8D74Q2
cCegQIABAA&oq=dinosaur+fossil+clipart+black+and+white&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgIIADoECAAQQzoGCAAQBxAeOggIABAIEAcQHlDNsAFYn7sBYNrIAWgAcAB4AIAB0gKIAeAIkgEHMC42LjAuMZgBAKABAaoBC2
d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=dwFjX8b3Id-Zr7wP9fm-8As&bih=641&biw=1297&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH751PH751&hl=en#imgrc=mNQuy6tFePpkoM

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

In portraying the Earth’s history, the most important tool used is the
Geologic Time Scale. The age of rocks and fossils, including the events that
formed them are described in the said standard timeline
(Source:http://geology.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/geohist-mw). It is broken into a
hierarchical set of divisions. The generally accepted divisions are: “eons”
which are the largest blocks of time on the geologic time scale which are
split into “eras”. Eras are divided into “periods”, and periods are further
divided into “epochs”. There are two highest levels of the hierarchy shown at
the left side of the scale, the Precambrian and Phanerozoic.
(Source: https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibit/histgeoscale.html)
Precambrian is divided into three eras: Hadean, Archean, and
Proterozoic. Only very little is known about the Precambrian which extended
from about 4.6 billion years ago to 541 million years ago because there are
only very few fossils or unaltered rocs that have survived from this time.
(Source: http://geology.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/geohist-mw)

Along the top left side of Figure1 below, it represents the time when
majority of macroscopic organisms, algal, fungal, plant and animal, lived –
that is during the Phanerozoic eon. It begun approximately 543 million years
ago. Based on further studies conducted, geologists found out that animals
with evolving external skeletons like shells appeared during this time. Then
animals that formed internal skeleton such as bony elements of vertebrates
appeared next. (Source: https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibit/histgeoscale.html)

There are three major divisions of the Phanerozoic eon - the Cenozoic,
the Mesozoic, and the Paleozoic Eras. The suffix "zoic" comes from the root
"zoo", which means animal. "Cen" means recent, "Meso" means middle, and
"Paleo" means ancient. Major changes in the composition of ancient faunas
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are reflected in the said divisions. Every era is being identified through a
particular group of animals that dominated during such time.
(Sourcehttps://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibit/histgeoscale.html)

The Cenozoic era is also known as the "Age of Mammals". This is the last
and current division extending from the extinction of dinosaurs, nearly 66
million years ago to the present.

Mesozoic era, the "Age of Dinosaurs" or “Age of Reptiles” extended

from 252 to 66 million years ago. Both marine and terrestrial ecosystems were
dominated by dinosaurs and other reptiles. It is worth noting also that it was
during the Mesozoic era when the last of Earth’s supercontinent known as
Pangaea was formed and later broke up resulting into the Earth’s current
geography.

Paleozoic era, known as the "Age of Fishes" extends from 541 to 252
million years ago. Life evolved in the oceans and gradually colonized the
land, as revealed by fossil evidence. Although there were other groups of
animals that lived during the Mesozoic era, and in addition to the dinosaurs,
animals such as mammals, turtles, crocodiles, frogs, and countless varieties of
insects also lived on land, always remember that every division is identified by
the dominating group of animals.
(Source: https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibit/histgeoscale.html)
(Source: http://geology.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/geohist-mw)

An example of a Geologic Time Scale is shown below.

Figure 1: The Geologic

Time Scale
According to nps.gov,
the following life forms
existed during the
different times of the
Earth’s history.
source:
https://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWor
kshops/time/visualizations_teachtips
/60786.html
(reuse and dissemination of the
material from the site is
encouraged for noncommercial
purposes, like education as long as
attribution is retained)

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Source: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/time-scale.htm

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 Clincher:
➢ According to geology.teacherfriendlyguide.org.,
the geologic time scale is an important tool used to portray
the history of the Earth. It is a standard timeline used to
describe the age of rocks and fossils, and the events that
formed them.

In short, it informs the present generation on how old

planet Earth is (though not exact), how life forms started
and undergone changes, as well as the major events that
took place in the Earth’s history, thus enabling us to
understand better our past.
Performance Task
Output (Choose only 1)

1. On a short bond paper, make a poster based on your own perception

about the Earth’s History.
2. On a short bond paper, make your own Presentation/ Illustration of the
Earth’s History that you believe is simpler and easier to understand.
3. Create a jingle about the Earth’s History. Submit the lyrics of the jingle on a
short bond and the video of yourself while singing the jingle.

Guide in rating your work.

Poster and Presentation of Earth’s History
Jingle
Originality = 10 pts.
Originality = 10 pts.
Clarity of concept = 10 pts.
Clarity of concept = 10 pts.
Visual Impact = 5 pts
Voice quality = 5 pts.
TOTAL = 25 pts.
TOTAL = 25 pts.

Note: Subject teachers may change the criteria in rating the output according to
your desired criteria.

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III. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

EVALUATION/POST TEST:

Write the capital letter of the best answer in your notebook.

1. During the Proterozoic, between 2, 500 billion years and 541 million years
ago, the development of multicellular organisms with nuclei developed.
These organisms eventually led to the development of the plants, spiders,
fungi, and protists, and are called _____________.
a. worms b. trilobites
c. eukaryotes d. cyanobacteria
2. The first life forms on planet Earth occur during the Archean between 4,000
and 2,500 billion years ago, and are called ____.
a. eukaryotes b. trilobites
c. protists d. prokaryotes
3. Based on the Geologic Time Scale, how old is the Earth?
a. 4.6 billion years c. 541 million years ago
b. 251.9 million years ago d. 0.01million years ago
4. What is the largest division in the Geologic Time Scale?
a. Period b. era c. eon d. epoch
5. Which is the correct hierarchy of divisions in the geologic time scale from
the largest to the smallest?
a. epoch – period – era – eon c. eon – epoch – era - period
b. period – era – epoch – eon d. eon – era – period – epoch
6. What is known as the Age of Dinosaurs or Reptiles?
a. Mesozoic Era c. Paleozoic Era
b. Precambrian d. Cenozoic Era
7. Which does NOT belong in the group?
a. Sharks b. crocodiles c. turtles d. frogs
8. What epoch do we live in?
a. Pleistocene Epoch c. Quarternary Period
b. Holocene Epoch d. Cenozoic Era
9. In what period did the primates first appear?
a. Neogene period c. Cretaceous period
b. Paleogene period d. early Tertiary period
10. When did Pangaea begin? Using the Geologic Time Scale above, it was
about…
a. 251.9 mya b. 248 mya c. 4.6 bya d. 201 mya

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REFERENCES

“Dinosaur fossil clipart”.

https://www.google.com/search?q=dinosaur+fossil+clipart+black+and
+white&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiGj4qpx-_rAhXfzIsBHfW8D74Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=dinosaur+fossil+clipart+black+and+white&gs_lcp=C
gNpbWcQARgAMgIIADoECAAQQzoGCAAQBxAeOggIABAIEAcQHlDNs
AFYn7sBYNrIAWgAcAB4AIAB0gKIAeAIkgEHMC42LjAuMZgBAKABAaoBC
2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=dwFjX8b3Id-Zr7wP9fm-
8As&bih=641&biw=1297&rlz=1C1CHBF_enPH751PH751&hl=en#imgrc=m
NQuy6tFePpkoM

“Geologic History of the Midwestern US: the Big Picture. The teacher-
friendly guide.org.
http://geology.teacherfriendlyguide.org/index.php/geohist-mw.
Accessed August 28, 2020.

“Geologic Time Scale”. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/time-

scale.htm. Last updated: October 26, 2018

“Male teacher cartoon transparent background”.

https://www.google.com/search?q=male%20teacher%20cartoon%20tr
ansparent%20background&tbm=isch&hl=en&hl=en&tbs=rimg%3ACRW
0CtvaqwGvYdZ1Wpf4QkV9&sa=X&ved=0CB0QuIIBahcKEwjQtNfUl_rAh
UAAAAAHQAAAAAQBw&biw=1306&bih=591#imgrc=tP6gwB_ihvWMKM
&imgdii=6RUGY9slhvezpM

Steinberg, Roger. “Rates, Dates and Geologic Time: Teaching about

the Temporal Aspects of Geoscience”. Visualizing the
Precambrian.https://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/time/visualizati
ons_teachtips/60786.html. Retrieved Sept. 19, 2020 .

“The Geologic Time Scale in Historical Perspective”. History of

Geologic Time Scale.
https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibit/histgeoscale.html.
Retrieved August 16, 2020

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 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

FAY C. LUAREZ, Ph.D., Ed.D, TM

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

NILITA L. RAGAY
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

FAY C. LUAREZ, Ph.D., Ed.D.,TM

Acting CID Chief

RACHEL B. PICARDAL, Ed.D.

SGOD Chief

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
PSDS- Division Science Coordinator

ROSELA R. ABIERA
LR Manager

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian

LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
Writer

NOELYN E. SIAPNO
Lay-out Artist

MEMBERS OF THE QUALITY ASSURANCE TEAM (Alpha)

LIEZEL A. AGOR
MARY JOYCEN A. ALAM-ALAM
EUFRATES G. ANSOK JR.
JOAN Y. BUBULI
LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO

MEMBERS OF THE QUALITY ASSURANCE TEAM (Beta)

JOAN Y. BUBULI
LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA
MIEL C. PACULANANG
ARJIE T. PALUMPA

DISCLAIMER
The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide accessible learning
modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The contents of this module are carefully
researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set learning competencies. The writers and evaluator were clearly
instructed to give credits to information and illustrations used to substantiate this material. All content is subject to
copyright and may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written consent from the division.

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SYNOPSIS

The SLK focuses on the Geologic Time

Scale, its major subdivisions, and the various
life forms that dominated in a particular time
of the Earth’s history. The basis of naming
every division in the table is included in the
discussion

It is also emphasized in this SLK how

every division in the table is named. In
connection to Earth and Space lesson in
Grade 10, the Geologic Time Scale shows
that Pangaea was real. Most importantly,
the whole lesson provides a clear
understanding of the gradual yet major
changes that took place in the past.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Author: LIELIN A. DE LA ZERNA, finished BSEd major in
Gen. Science at St. Paul Univ. of Dumaguete, formerly
named St. Paul College of Dumaguete, and graduated
MAEd major in Science Education at University of
Southern Phils. Foundation in Cebu City. She is currently
teaching senior high school at Sibulan Science High
School.

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