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LAB2

This document describes a lab assignment on discrete LTI systems and convolution. The objectives are to synthesize signals using impulse functions, represent convolution graphically, write a timing convolution function, and use convolution in correlation operations. The procedures involve writing a convolution function, using it to convolve sample signals and plot the results, and demonstrating sequence correlation through an example using signal transmission, shifting, noise addition and cross-correlation. Homework involves convolving two sample signals using the provided convolution function.

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23 views

LAB2

This document describes a lab assignment on discrete LTI systems and convolution. The objectives are to synthesize signals using impulse functions, represent convolution graphically, write a timing convolution function, and use convolution in correlation operations. The procedures involve writing a convolution function, using it to convolve sample signals and plot the results, and demonstrating sequence correlation through an example using signal transmission, shifting, noise addition and cross-correlation. Homework involves convolving two sample signals using the provided convolution function.

Uploaded by

as739562978
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAB1

Title: Discrete LTI Systems and Convolution

Student Name:
Reg. No. :
Date :
Signature :

Objectives:

1) Synthesis of signals using unit impulse signals


2) Graphical representation of convolution operation.
3) Writing our timing information convolution function.
4) Using convolution function in correlation operations.

Preparation: (10 mins)

A) What is meant by LTI systems? And prove that y = conv(x,y) in any LTI
systems where:
x ----> input signal
y ----> output signal
h ----> inpulse response signal

B) Create a new folder called LAB2

C) Open Matlab Program and switch the current directory to LAB2

Procedure:

Step 1: Open a new script file and write. (15 Minutes)

function [y,ny] = conv_m(x,nx,h,nh)


nyb = nx(1) + nh(1);
nye = nx(length(nx)) + nh(length(nh));
ny = (nyb : nye);
y = conv(x,h);
end

Save the file in current folder, LAB2, with the name conv_m.m
Try the following commands in command window and check the results:
x = [3 11 7 0 -1 4 2];
nx = -3:3;
h = [2 3 0 -5 2 1];
nh = -1:4;
[y,ny] = conv_m(x,nx,h,nh)

Q) Write down the value of y and its timing index ny?

Step2: Graphical representation of convolution operation. (15 Minutes)

Open a new script file and write

x = [1 1 1 1 1];
nx = [-2:2];
h = [1 1 1 1 1 ];
nh = [-2:2];
[y , ny] = conv_m(x,nx,h,nh);
subplot(3,1,1), stem(nx,x),title('x(n)');
subplot(3,1,2), stem(nh,h),title('h(n)');
subplot(3,1,3), stem(ny,y),title('y(n)');

Save the file in current folder, LAB2, with the name conv_rep.m

Q) Draw the signals x(k) & h(-k+n) for n = 0, -1, 1 and calculate y(0), y(-1), and y(1)?
Step3: Sequense correlations (15 Minutes):

it's an operation used in many applications of digital signal processing, it's a measure of the degree to
which two sequences are similar, given two finite energy signals x(n) and y(n), the correlation between
the two signal is defined as:

if we compare the convolution operation with the above equation of correlation, observe a close
relevance.

Radar Application example:


nx = 0:100;
f = 1e6;
fs = 10 * f ; % Sampling frequency Fs = 1 / Ts
t = nx * (1/fs); % time instants
x = cos(2.*pi.*f.* t);
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(nx,x), title('Transmitted Signal');
%%
[y,ny] = sigshift(x,nx,20); % shift by k = 20
w = randn(1,length(y)), nw = ny; % Noise
[y,ny] = sigadd(y,ny,w,nw);
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(ny,y), title('Received shifed and distorted signal');

%%
[x,nx] = sigfold(x,nx); % x(-n)
[rxy, nrxy] = conv_m(y,ny,x,nx); % Cross-correlation
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(nrxy,rxy), title('Correlation Result');

Homework:

1) After you have completed LAB2, you had the following Matlab function in LAB2 folder:
(conv_m), use it to obtain the following signal:

Let x(n) = 1 for 0<= n < 9


and h(n) = (0.9).^ n for 0<= n < 9

Calculate y(n) = x(n) * h(n) where * is a convolution operator

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