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Summary Cli

The document provides an overview of common commands and functions for navigating files and directories, manipulating and modifying files, opening programs, and using the text editor Nano on CLI. It details commands for changing directories, listing files, viewing file contents, creating/copying/moving/removing files and directories, wildcards for file matching, and opening applications from the terminal. Use pwd to show the working directory, ls to list files, cd to change directories, and touch, mkdir, cp, mv, and rm to create, copy, move and remove files.

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jeff.rey4973
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27 views4 pages

Summary Cli

The document provides an overview of common commands and functions for navigating files and directories, manipulating and modifying files, opening programs, and using the text editor Nano on CLI. It details commands for changing directories, listing files, viewing file contents, creating/copying/moving/removing files and directories, wildcards for file matching, and opening applications from the terminal. Use pwd to show the working directory, ls to list files, cd to change directories, and touch, mkdir, cp, mv, and rm to create, copy, move and remove files.

Uploaded by

jeff.rey4973
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

CLI

1. Navigation and Exploring the system 1


pwd-Show working directory / where you are 1
ls-Listing directory contents 1
less-View file contents 2
cd-Change Directory for navigating 2
touch create a file 2
2. Manipulating files and directories 2
wildcards 2
mkdir-Creating directories 2
cp-Copy files and directories 2
mv-Move and rename files/directories 3
rm-Removing files/directories 3
3. Opening a macOS program 3
4. Nano 3

1. Navigation and Exploring the system


pwd-Show working directory / where you are
● show working directory pwd
● cd ~ takes you home

ls-Listing directory contents


● show directory contents: ls
● show directory contents including hidden files: ls -a
● show directory contents in a list: ls -l
● determine a files file type: file filename
less-View file contents
● view contents: less <filename>
● in less scroll using up and down keys or pageup and pagedown
● in less scroll to end ```G```
● in less scroll to beginning ```g```
● leave less, when at the end of the file ```q```

cd-Change Directory for navigating


● go up / change directory cd <directoryname>
● go down cd ..
● go home cd ~

touch create a file


● create a file touch filename
● create multiple files touch file1 file2 file3

2. Manipulating files and directories


wildcards
● * matches any characters
● ? matches any single character
● [characters] matches any character that is a member of the set of characters

mkdir-Creating directories
● create a directory mkdir dir
● create multiple directories mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3

cp-Copy files and directories


● copy a file: cp item1 item2
● copy a file into a directory: cp file directoryname
● copy all files from dir1 into dir2, dir 2 must already exist: cp dir1/* dir2
● copy all files from dir1 into dir2, dir2 doesn't have to exist yet: cp -r dir1 dir2
● copy a file from a directory to the current directory: cp /etc/passwd .
● notice how we use the single trailing period as a shorthand for the current working
directory

mv-Move and rename files/directories


● mv performs both moving and renaming... after execution, the original filename no longer
exists: mv item1 item2

● useful: ”-i” => prompt for user confirmation

rm-Removing files/directories
● remove a directory -> needs to be done recursively (-r): rm -r <directory name>
● remove a file: rm <filename>
● remove multiple files: rm file1 file2
● remove multiple files using wildcard e.g. when the first 4 letters are the same: rm file*

● useful: ”-i” => prompt for user confirmation

Note: be careful with rm, the cli doesn't have an undo command!!!. Be especially in combination
with wildcards like *. Using rm * will remove all files in a directory.

Whenever you use wildcards, try `ls` first to see the selection... then rm...

3. Opening a macOS program


● open a program (look for the program anywhere on the mac -> -a => open -a
"program name": `$ open -a music`

● Add -g to keep the application in the background, so you remain centered in Termina
lopen -g -a iTunes

● open a file with a certain program e.g. macdown


○ generic: open "filename" -a "program name"
○ example: open djangocheatsheet.md -a macdown
4. Nano
**TIP+ in nano ^ means CTRL!!!**

CTRL+o => save changes


CTRL+x => exit
<!--stackedit_data:
eyJoaXN0b3J5IjpbLTE1MTkzOTg3ODcsNDAyMzI2NzEwXX0=
→

5. Other
export and echo
export => shows all your environment variables that are available to your programs
echo $PATH => shows which programs are available in path

which
shows which program you are running

which python3
/usr/local/bin/python3

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