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Assignment 2

This document contains 7 mathematical assignments involving solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using various methods such as variation of parameters, changing dependent/independent variables, and series solutions. The problems cover ODEs of different orders with various source terms, and require determining general and particular solutions.

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Kriti Garg
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48 views

Assignment 2

This document contains 7 mathematical assignments involving solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using various methods such as variation of parameters, changing dependent/independent variables, and series solutions. The problems cover ODEs of different orders with various source terms, and require determining general and particular solutions.

Uploaded by

Kriti Garg
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MAN-002 (Mathematical Methods)

Assignment-2 Spring Semester 2022-23

1. Apply the method of variation of parameters to solve:

(a) y ′′ − 2y ′ = ex sin(x)
(b) y ′′ + n2 y = sec(nx)
(c) (x + 2)y ′′ − (2x + 5)y ′ + 2y = (x + 1)ex , given that e2x is a solution of
(x + 2)y ′′ − (2x + 5)y ′ + 2y = 0.

2. Consider the ODE x2 y ′′ + xy ′ − y = 0, x > 0. Then,

(a) Determine all values of r for which y = xr be a solution of this ODE. Hence,
write the complete solution.
(b) Use method of variation of parameters for finding the particular integral of
x2 y ′′ + xy ′ − y = x2 ex

3. Verify that ex and x are the solution of the homogeneous equation corresponding to
ODE (1 − x)y ′′ + xy ′ − y = 2(x − 1)2 e−x , 0 < x < 1. Hence, find its general solution
using variation of parameters method.

4. Solve the following ODEs by changing the dependent variable (reducing into Normal
form):

(a) y ′′ − 2 tan(x)y ′ + 5y = sec(x)ex


(b) y ′′ − (2/x)y ′ + (1 + 2/x2 )y = xex
√
(c) (x log(x))2 y ′′ − 2x log(x)y ′ + [2 + log(x) − ( 2 log(x))2 ]y = x2 (log(x))3 , x > 0
(d) x2 y ′′ − 2x(1 + x)y ′ + 2(1 + x)y = x3 , x > 0

5. Solve the following ODEs by changing the independent variable:

(a) sin2 (x)y ′′ + sin(x) cos(x)y ′ + 4y = 0


(b) x6 y ′′ + 3x5 y ′ + 4y = x−2 , x ̸= 0
x)
(c) y ′′ − (1 + 4ex )y ′ + 3e2x y = e2(x+e
(d) y ′′ + tan(x)y ′ − (2 cos2 (x))y = 2 cos4 (x)

6. Find the series solution of the following ODEs:

(a) (1 + x2 )y ′′ + xy ′ − xy = 0 about x = 0
(b) (x2 − 1)y ′′ + 3xy ′ + xy = 0 about x = 2 with conditions y(2) = 4 and y ′ (2) = 6

7. Solve the following ODEs in series (Frobenious method):

(a) 9x(1 − x)y ′′ − 12y ′ + 4y = 0


(b) 2x2 y ′′ − xy ′ + (1 − x2 )y = 0
Answers:

1. (a) c1 + c2 e2x − 21 ex sin(x)


1 x
(b) c1 cos(nx) + c2 sin(nx) + n2
cos(nx)(log(cos(nx))) + n
sin(nx)
2x x
(c) c1 (2x + 5) + c2 e −e

2. (a) r = ±1, y = c1 x + c2 x−1


(b) ex − x−1 ex

3. c1 x + c2 ex + e−x ( 21 − x)
√ √
4. (a) sec(x)[c1 cos(x 6) + c2 sin(x 6) + 17 ex ]
(b) x[c1 cos(x) + c2 sin(x) + 12 ex ]
(c) log(x)[c1 x2 + c2 x−1 + 13 x2 log(x)]
x2
(d) c1 xe2x + c2 x − 2

5. (a) c1 cos(2 log(tan(x/2))) + c2 sin(2 log(tan(x/2)))


1
(b) c1 cos(1/x2 ) − c2 sin(1/x2 ) + 4x2
x x x
(c) c1 e3e + c2 ee − e2e
√ √
(d) c1 e 2 sin(x)
+ c2 e − 2 sin(x)
+ sin2 (x)

6. (a) c0 [1 + (1/6)x3 − (3/40)x5 + . . .] + c1 [x − (1/6)x3 + (1/12)x4 + (3/40)x5 + . . .]


(b) 4 + 6(x − 2) − (22/3)(x − 2)2 + (169/27)(x − 2)3 + . . .

7. (a) c0 [1 + 31 x + 1.4 2
3.6
x + . . .] + c1 x7/3 [1 + 8
10
x + 8.11 2
10.13
x + . . .]
(b) c0 x[1 + (1/10)x + (1/360)x4 + . . .] + c1 x
2 1/2
[1 + (1/6)x2 + (1/168)x4 + . . .]

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