Week # 01

 Complex Numbers
 Real numbers
 Imaginary Numbers

 Real Numbers :-
The set of those numbers whose square is always non - negative
is called Real Numbers.
 Examples :-
 (1)2 = 1
 (2)2 = 4
 ( 2)2 = 4
 ( 3)2 = 9
 Imaginary Numbers :-
The set of those numbers whose square is always negative is
called Imaginary Numbers.

 Examples :-
 ( )2 = 3

 ( )2 =

 Conversation of negative to positive by the use of iota ( ) :-

 = =
 =
 = =

 Equations :-

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  1 1 –
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 4 4 –
 –

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 5 – 5 –
 –
Dr. Syed Asif Hussain

Email: [email protected]
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  9 – 9 –
 –

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 11 – 11 –
 –
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 Complex numbers :-
The combination of Real and Imaginary numbers is called
complex numbers .It is represented by Z.
 Examples :-
(1)

In (1) “a” represents real Part,” b represents imaginary Part and “Z”
complex Numbers.
(1) ( , ) ( )
( ) ( , )( )
( ) ( , )( )

(1) ( , )( )

( ) ( , )( )

( ) ( , )( )
 Operations:-

 Addition of complex Numbers

 General Form :-

 1 ,
 ,

1



1 ( ) ( )

 Questions:-
Add the following complex numbers.

(1). Z1 = 2+3 and Z2 = 3+4

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

Add Z1+Z2

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Z1+Z2 = 5+7 Ans.

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 –
  –



Z1+Z2 = Ans.

 –


 –
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– –

 –
 –

 – –
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 Subtraction of complex Numbers

1 ( ) ( )

 Questions :-
Subtract the following complex numbers.

(1).

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Subtract “b” from “a”

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(2).

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Subtract from


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
.
 


Subtract “Z1” From” Z2”

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 Multiplication of Complex Numbers

Multiply “Z1” and “Z 1

 1 ( ) ( ) ( 1 )
 1 ( ) ( ) 1
 1
 1 ( ) ( 1)

.

 Questions :-
Multiply the following complex numbers.

(1)

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 


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 1
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Real part = 12 Ans.
Imaginary part =81 Ans.

(2) . –

 –
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Multiply “Z1” with “Z2”
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
 1
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(3)

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Multiply “Z1” with “Z2”
 

 1
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Real part = Ans.

 Division of Complex Numbers


  =

 Questions :-
Divide the following Complex numbers.

(1)

Divide “a” by “b”

 ×

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 

10 20

100 100

(2)

-
 Z1 =
 Z2 =

Divide “Z1” by “Z2”

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 

 Conjugate and Modulus of Complex Numbers :-

 Conjugate :-

 Modulus :-

By Pythagoras Theorem
2
= (Base) 2+ (Per) 2
2
=

.
  Questions:-
Find the Modulus Of the following

(i). Find




Add “Z1” and “Z”

Now Taking Modulus

(ii). Find



 Multiply “Z1” with “Z2”

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Taking Modulus

 |

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(iii) .Find | |

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Divide “Z1 by”Z2”

 =

 =
 

Taking Modulus

 |

 |

 |

 |

 |

 Properties of Complex Numbers:-

W. r. t Multiplication

 Associate property w .r. t Addition & Multiplication :-

w.r.t Addition

w.r.t Multiplication

 Distribute property of Multiplication over Addition :-

 Conjugate property :-

Addition

Multiplication

Division

 Questions:-
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Taking L-H-S

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Apply conjugate

Taking R-H-S

Taking L-H-R
 ( )
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 Apply Conjugate
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Taking R-H-S
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Taking L-H-S

 ×

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

Apply Conjugate

Taking R-H-S
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

 ×
 ×

The End of Week # 01