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AMIN Copper Smelter Plant Project

DRAFT FOR REVIEW DRAFT UNTUK TINJAUAN

Rev DATE DESCRIPTION OF CHANGE ORIGINATOR SPV CHECKED HOD CHECKED APPROVED

0 21 April 2023 New Establish

Silaen Rovaldy Silaen Rovaldy He Zhengbing Zhou Rong
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1. PURPOSE
The purpose of this document is to ensure fuel is stored safely on construction sites, and to protect the
environment from spills and the hazards associated with spills.

2. SCOPE
This procedure provides guidelines to handle fuel material in contractor project activities and facilities.
3. RESPONSIBILITIES
It is the primary responsibility of the Supervisor to see to it that all hazardous handling and dispensing
is done in a safe and proper manner in accordance with this procedure.

4. DEFINITION
a) Fuel is a combustible substance that mostly consists of carbon. On proper burning in the presence
of air, Fuel releases a considerable amount of energy in the form of heat and light.
b) Flammable liquid is a liquid which can be easily ignited in air at ambient temperatures, i.e., it has a
flash point at or below nominal threshold temperatures defined.
c) Flammable solid shall mean and include a solid substance, other than one classified as an
explosive, which is liable to cause fire through friction, through absorption of moisture, through
spontaneous chemical changes, or as a result of retained heat from manufacturing or processing.
Examples are white phosphorous, nitrocellulose, metallic sodium and potassium and zirconium
powder.
d) The SDS includes information such as the properties of each chemical; the physical, health, and
environmental health hazards; protective measures; and safety precautions for handling, storing,
and transporting the chemical.
e) Spill kit is a collection of equipment. Typical contents include sorbents pads, pillows, glove, and
PPE item. Spill of hazardous substances such as oils, fuels, liquids, petroleum, water, and
chemicals.
f) Corrosive liquid shall mean and include those acids, alkaline caustic liquids, and other corrosive
liquids which when in contact with living tissue will cause severe damage of such tissue by
chemical action; or in case of leakage will materially damage or destroy other containers of other
hazardous commodities by chemical action and cause the release of their contents; or are liable to
cause fire when in contact with organic matter or with certain chemicals.
g) Radioactive material shall mean and include any material or combination of material that
spontaneously emits ionizing radiation
h) Storage, separated shall mean storage in the same fire area but physically separated by as much
space as practicable, using sills or curb as safeguards, or by intervening storage or non-
hazardous, compatible substance, other than one classified as an explosive or blasting
polymerize, decompose instantaneously, undergo uncontrollable auto reaction, or can be
exploded by heat, shock, pressure, or combinations thereof. Examples are: organic peroxides,
nitro methane, and ammonium nitrate.
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5. PROCEDURE
5.1 Hazardous Chemical
5.1.1 Chemical Safety Guidelines
Always follow these guidelines when working with chemicals :
- Assume that any of the chemicals with which you work.
- Consider any mixture to be at least as hazardous as its most hazardous component.
- Never use exposure to any chemical, regardless of its hazard rating.
- Use personal protective equipment, as appropriate.
- Use common sense at all times.

The five prudent practices of chemical safety sum up these safety guidelines :
- Treat all chemicals as if they were hazardous.
- Minimize your exposure to any chemical.
- Avoid repeated exposure to any chemical.
- Never underestimate the potential hazard of any chemical or combination of chemicals.
- Assume that a mixture or reaction product is more hazardous than any component or reactant.

5.1.2 Safety Data Sheets

Before using any chemical, read the container label and appropriate Safety Data Sheets (SDS). Container
labels and SDS are good sources of information for chemical safety. They provide the following information :
- and chemical characteristics.
- Physical hazards.
- Health hazards.
- First-aid procedures.
- Proper leak, spill, and disposal techniques.
- Proper cial provisions.

5.1.3 Safe Handling Guidelines

Employees should treat all chemicals and equipment with caution and respect. When working with
chemicals, remember to do the following :
- Remove and use only the amount of chemicals needed for the clearly marked and in a well-ventilated
area.
- Check stored chemicals for deterioration and broken containers.
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- Learn how to dispose of chemicals safely and legally.

- Clean up spills and leaks immediately.
- Know what to do in an emergency.
Likewise, when working with chemical, remember the following :
- Do not store chemical near heat or sunlight or near substances which a tray, rack, cart or rubber carrier.
Always use a secondary container when transporting hazardous or highly odorous chemicals on an
elevator.
- Do not pour hazardous chemicals down the sink.
- Do not put fellow workers or yourself in danger.

5.1.4 Hygiene and Chemical Safety

Good personal hygiene will help minimize exposure to hazardous chemicals. When working with chemicals,
follow these guidelines :
- Wash hands frequently and before leaving the room. Also, wash hands before eating, drinking, smoking.
- Remove contaminated clothing immediately. Do not use the clothing again until it has been properly
decontaminated.
- Follow any special precautions for the chemicals in use.

In addition follow these special precautions :

- Do not eat, drink, smoke around chemicals
- Do not wear contact lenses near chemicals, especially corrosives or volatile solvents
- Do not keep food or food containers anywhere near chemicals.
- Do not sniff or taste chemicals.

5.2 Corrosives
A corrosive chemical destroys or damages living tissue by direct contact. Some acids, bases, dehydrating
agents, oxidizing agents, and organic are corrosives.

5.1.1 Corrosives an be classified and exemplified as :

- Hydrochloric acid
- Sulfuric acid
- Sodium hydroxide
- Potassium hydroxide
- Phosphorous pentoxide
- Calcium oxide
- Halogen gases
- Perchloric acid
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- Phenol
- Acetic acid

5.1.1 Safe Handling Guidelines

To ensure safe handling of corrosives, the following special handling procedures should be used :
- Always store corrosives properly. Refer to the SDS.
- Always wear gloves and face and eye protection when working with corrosives. Wear other personal
protective equipment, as appropriate. inorganic bases, may be very slippery; handle these chemicals
with care and clean any spills, leaks, or dribbles immediately.
- Use a chemical fume hood when handling fuming acids or volatile irritants.
- A continuous flow eye wash station should be in every work area where corrosives are present. An
emergency shower should also be within 100 feet of the area.

5.3 Flammables
A flammable chemical is any solid, liquid, vapor, or gas that ignites easily and burns rapidly in air. Consult the
appropriate SDS before beginning work with flammables.

5.1.2 Flashpoint, Boling Point, and Ignition Temperature

Flammable chemicals are classified according to flashpoint, boiling point, ignition temperature. Flashpoint
(FP) is the lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid gives off sufficient vapor to ignite. Boiling point
(BP) is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid vaporizes. Flammable liquids with low BP
generally present special fire hazards. The FP and BP of certain chemicals are closely linked to their ignition
temperature the lowest temperature at which a chemical will ignite and burn independently of its heat
source.

5.1.3 Conditions for a Fire

Improper use of flammable liquids can cause a fire. The following conditions must exist for a fire to occur :
- Flammable material must be present in sufficient concentration to support a fire.
- Oxygen or another oxidizer must be present.
- An ignition source must be present (i.e., heat, spark, etc.).

5.1.4 Safe Handling Guidelines

Follow these guidelines when working with flammable chemicals :
- Handle flammable chemicals in areas free from ignition sources
- Never heat flammable chemicals with an open flame. Use a water bath, oil bath, heating mantle, hot air
bath, etc.
- Use ground straps when transferring flammable chemicals between metal containers to avoid
generating static sparks.
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- Use a fume hood when there is a possibility of dangerous vapors. (ventilation will help reduce
dangerous vapor concentrations).
- Restrict the amount of stored flammables, and minimize the amount of flammables present in a work
area.
- Remove from storage only the amount of chemical needed for a particular experiment or task.

5.4 Solvents
Organic solvents are often the most hazardous chemicals in the work place. Solvents such as ether, alcohol,
and toluene, for example, are highly volatile or flammable. Chlorinated solvents such as chloroform are
nonflammable, but when exposed to heat or flame, may produce carbon monoxide, chlorine, phosgene, or other
highly toxic gases. Always use volatile and flammable solvents in an area with good ventilation or in a fumehood.
Never use ether or other highly flammable solvents in a room with open flames or other ignition sources present.

5.4.1 Solvent Exposure Hazards

Health hazards associated with solvents include exposure by the following routes :
- Inhalation
Inhalation of a solvent may cause bronchial irritation, dizziness, central nervous system depression,
nausea, headache, coma, or death. Prolonged exposure to excessive concentrations of solvent vapors
may cause liver or kidney damage. The consumption of alcoholic beverages can enhance these effect.

- Skin contact
Skin contact with solvents may lead to defatting, drying, and skin irritation.

- Ingestion
Ingestion of solvent may cause severe toxicological effects. Seek medical attention immediately.

The odor threshold for the following chemicals exceeds acceptable exposure limits. Therefore, if you can
smell it, you may overexposed, increase ventilation immediately.
- Chloroform
- Benzene
- Carbon tetrachloride
- Methylene chloride

5.5 Cleaning Agents

Many of the chemicals contained in cleaning agents are corrosive. Follow these guidelines when working with
any cleaning agent :
- Always read and understand the label instructions or the SDS before using any cleaning agent.
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- Mix solutions to the recommended strength.

- When diluting acid with water, always add the acid to the water, not the water to the acid. (Concentrated
acids may splatter when mixed improperly).
- Wear appropriate eye protection and gloves for the job.
- Do not leave aerosol cans in direct sunlight or areas where the temperature may exceed 1200 F. Heated
aerosol cans may explode.

5.6 Radioactive Materials

Radioactive materials means any material which emits, by spontaneous nuclear disintegration, corpuscular or
electromagnetic emanations.

5.6.1 Describe Purpose for Which Radioactive Material Will be Used

Specify the purpose for which the licensed material will be used, industrial radiography, source exchange, or
instrument calibration.
- Identify the radiographic exposure devices in which each sealed source will be used.
- Identify any source changers by manufacturer and model number.
You should make sure that the sealed source/exposure device/source changer combination are compatible
with one another. You may designate sealed sources and source changers from more than one
manufacturer if they are compatible with the particular exposure device. This information is available from
the manufacturers. Specify the maximum amount of radioactive material that will be in each named source
and the number of sources you want to possess at any one time. Identify other sealed sources you may
wish to possess by radioisotope, manufacturer, model number, maximum amount of radioactive material in
the source, and the device, if any, in which it will be used. Because of the large area that requires
surveillance, sources that exceed 200 curies of iridium-192 and 100 curies of cobalt-60 will not be routinely
approved for temporary job site use.

Sources that exceed these amounts should be used in shielded permanent facilities. If you wish to use
sources in excess of 100 curies of cobalt-60 or 200 curies of iridium-192 at temporary job sites, you should
provide specific information concerning where the sources will be used, the condition of use, and how you
will conduct surveillance to prevent entry into the controlled area. Your operating and emergency procedures
should provide special instructions governing the use of such sources with particular emphasis on area
surveillance.

5.6.2 Methods and Occasions for Looking and Securing Radiographic Exposure Device, Storage Containers and
Sealed Sources.
The locked radiographic exposure devices and storage containers be physically secured to prevent
tampering or removal by unauthorized personnel. Unless a radiographer is physically present to maintain
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surveillance, a device containing a source should be placed in storage so that it is not accessible to
unauthorized persons.
The storage facility should be such that the area around it is an uncontrolled area (no more than 2 mill
roentgens in any hours at 12 inches (30 cm) from any surface); the facility should be posted with “Caution
(or Danger) Radioactive Material” signs. A physical survey should be performed to confirm that the area
around the storage facility is an uncontrolled area. The devices be secured in the shielded position each
time the source is returned to that position. The procedures for using the devices must be require locking
the device at the end of each exposure. A radiation survey must be performed to confirm that the source is
in the safe shielded position.

5.6.3 Personnel Monitoring and the Use of Personnel Monitoring Equipment

No individual may act as a radiographer unless, at all times during radiographic operations, that person
wears a direct-reading pocket dosimeter and either a film badge or thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD).
Personnel should be instructed that they are required to wear direct-reading pocket dosimeter and film
badge or TLD when they are engaged in radiographic operation. Personnel should be instructed to charge
their pocket dosimeters at the start of each workday so that the dosimeter are capable of reading full scale.
The dosimeter reading must be recorded at the beginning and end of each workday.
Include instructions about how and where dosimeter devices are to be stored when not in use. The storage
place should be dry, radiation free, and cool so that the devices will not be affected by adverse
environmental conditions.

5.6.4 Transporting
Transport of licensed material be carried out in accordance with the applicable requirements of the
Department of Transportation. Consult the Department of Transportation’s (DOT’s) regulation for detailed
information about transportation requirements. Information should be extracted and placed into the
instructions so that personnel know exactly what they are expected to do. The following items should be
covered in instructions to personnel :
- Labeling containers with the appropriate label.
- Securing the exposure device or storage container within the transporting vehicle. The instructions
should specify how the package is to be secured in the vehicle so that it cannot move during transport.
- Placarding both sides, the front, and back of the vehicle with “Radioactive” placards if the package being
transported requires a Radioactive label.
- Surveying the exterior surfaces and passenger compartment of the vehicle to ensure that the radiation
levels do not exceed 2 mill roentgens per hour at 18 inches (45 cm) from any exterior surface and 2
milliroentgents per hour in the passenger compartment. Include instructions to personnel on the
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measure that should be taken if the radiation level exceeds 2 milliroentgens per hour in the passenger
compartment. For example, instruct them to add more shielding or reposition the device within the
vehicle.

A vehicle used for transport could also be used for storage at a temporary job site. If vehicle will be used for
storage, there should be instructions to personnel about proper posting of the vehicle. The Radioactive
placards that would be on the vehicle if a package with radioactive label were transported should be
removed and “Caution – Radioactive Material” signs should be substituted. The vehicle should, of course be
locked when it is used for storage.

5.6.5 Minimizing Exposure of Person in an Accident

An emergency situation is considered to exist whenever an abnormal event occurs, e.g., failure of a source
to return to safe storage position. Radiography personnel should not attempt to perform operation involving
retrieval or recovery of source not in the shielded position unless they have had specific instruction and
actual practice in retrieval operations with a dummy source.
Unless personnel have had instructions and paining in source retrieval or recovery, include the following
instructions to personnel :
- Establish and post the controlled area at the 2 milliroentgens per hour radiation level.
- Maintain continuous surveillance of the controlled area until the situation is corrected.
- Notify management or other appropriate persons.

5.6.6 Daily Inspection and Maintenance

Radiographic exposure devices, storage containers, and source changers be checked for obvious defect
prior to use each day the equipment is used. The instructions to personnel must clearly reflect the regulatory
requirement that the daily inspection be performed each day before the equipment is used. If equipment is
used on more than one shift during a day, the equipment should be checked at the start of each shift.
Specify in the instruction to personnel the items that must be checked and the steps to be taken if any
defects are found in the equipment. A record of the performance of daily inspection should be made.

6. REFERENCE
Decree of the Minister of Manpower R.I. NO. KEP. 187/MEN/1999, Control of Hazardous Chemicals in
the Workplace.