Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths

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Book Name: NCERT Solutions

EXERCISE- 8.1

Question 1:
Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = x and the lines x = 1, x = 4 and the x-axis.
Solution 1:

The area of the region bounded by the curve, y2 = x, the lines, x = 1 and x = 4, and the x-axis is
the area ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD = 
1
ydx
1
 xdx
1
4
 32 
x 
 
 3 
2
 
 
 1
2  32 3

   4   1 2

3
2
 8  1
3
14
 units
3

Question 2:
Find the area of the region bounded by y2 = 9x, x = 2, x = 4 and the x-axis in the first quadrant.

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Solution 2:

The area of the region bounded by the curve, y2 = 9x, x = 2, and x = 4, and the x-axis is the area
ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD = 
2
ydx
1
  3 xdx
2
4
 32 
x 
 
 3 3 
2
 
 
 2
4
 32 
 2 x 
 2
 3 3

 2  4  2   2  2 
 
2
 8  2 2 
3

 16  4 2 units 

Question 3:
Find the area of the region bounded by x2 = 4y, y = 2, y = 4 and the y-axis in the first quadrant.
Solution 3:

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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The area of the region bounded by the curve, x2 = 4y, y = 2, and y = 4, and the y-axis is the area
ABCD.
1
Area of ABCD = 2
xdx
1
  2 ydx
2
1
 2 ydx
2
4
 32 
y 
 
 2 3 
2
 
 
 2
4  32
    2 
3
  4  2
3 
4
 8  2 2 
3
 32  8 2 
   units
 3 

Question 4:
x2 y2
Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse  1
16 9
Solution 4:
x2 y2
The given equation of the ellipse,   1 , can be represented as
16 9

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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It can be observed that the ellipse is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area bounded by ellipse = 4 × Area of OAB
4
Area of ABCD = 
0
ydx

4 x2
  3 1 dx
0 16
3 4

4 0
16  x 2 dx
4
3 x 16 x
  16  x 2  sin 1 
4 2 2 4 0
3
  2 16  16  8sin 1 1  0  8sin 1  0  
4
3  8 
  
4 2 
3
  4 
4
 3
Therefore, area bounded by the ellipse = 4 × 3π = 12π units

Question5:
x2 y 2
Find the area of the region bounded by the ellipse  1
4 9
Solution 5:
The given equation of the ellipse can be represented as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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x2 y 2
 1
4 9
x2
 y  3 1 ... 1
4
It can be observed that the ellipse is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area bounded by ellipse = 4 × Area OAB
2
 Area of OAB=  ydx
0

x2
 Using (1)
2
  3 1
0 4
3 2
2 0
 4  x2
2
3x 4 1 x 
 4  x 2
 sin
2  2 2 2  0
3  2 

2  2 
3

2
3
Therefore, area bounded by the ellipse = 4   6 units
2

Question 6:
Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x-axis, line x  3 y and the circle
x2  y 2  4

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Solution 6:
The area of the region bounded by the circle, x2  y 2  4 , x  3 y , and the x-axis is the area
OAB.

The point of intersection of the line and the circle in the first quadrant is  
3,1 .
Area OAB = Area ∆OCA + Area ACB
1 1 3
Area of OAC =  OC  AC   3  1  …(1)
2 2 2
2
Area of ABC =  3
ydx
2
 4  x 2 dx
3
2
x 4 x
 4  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 2 3

  3  3 
 2   4  3  2sin 1   
 2 2  2  
 3  
    2  
 2  3 
 3 2 
    
 2 3 
 3
   …(2)
 3 2 
Therefore, area enclosed by x-axis, the line x  3 y , and the circle x2  y 2  4 in the first
3 3 
quadrant =    units
2 3 2 3

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Question 7:
a
Find the area of the smaller part of the circle x2 + y2 = a2 cut off by the line, x  .
2
Solution 7:
a
The area of the smaller part of the circle, x2 + y2 = a2, cut off by the line, x  , is the area
2
ABCDA.

It can be observed that the area ABCD is symmetrical about x-axis.

∴ Area ABCD = 2 × Area ABC
a
Area of ABC =  a
2
ydx

a
a a 2  x 2 dx
2
a
x 2 a2 x
 a  x  sin 1 
2

2 2 a a
2

 a2    a a2 a2  1 
    a2   sin 1  
 2  2  2 2 2 2  2  
a 2 a a a2   
  .   
4 2 2 2 2 4
a 2 a 2 a 2
  
4 4 8
a 
2

   1  
4  2
a  
2
   1
4 2 

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 a2    a  
2

 Area ABCD  2    1     1
 4  2  2  2 
a
Therefore, the area of smaller part of the circle, x2 + y2 = a2, cut off all the line, x  , is
2
a2   
  1 units.
2 2 

Question 8:
The area between x = y2 and x = 4 is divided into two equal parts by the line x = a, find the value
of a.
Solution 8:
The line, x = a, divides the area bounded by the parabola and x = 4 into two equal parts.
∴ Area OAD = Area ABCD

It can be observed that the given area is symmetrical about x-axis.

⇒ Area OED = Area EFCD
a
Area OED = 0
ydx
a
 xdx
0
a
 32 
x 
 
 3 
2
 
 
 0
3
2
 a2 …(1)
3

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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4
Area of EFCD = 
0
xdx
4
 32 
x 
 
 3 
2
 
 
 0
2 3

 8  a 2
 ...  2 
3 
From (1) and (2), we obtain

 a  2  8   a  2 
3 3
2 2
3 3 
3
 2.  a  2  8
3
 a2  4
3
 a   42
2
Therefore, the value of a is  4  3 .

Question 9:
Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola y = x2 and y  x
Solution 9:
The area bounded by the parabola, x2 = y, and the line, y  x , can be represented as

The given area is symmetrical about y-axis.

∴ Area OACO = Area ODBO

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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The point of intersection of parabola, x2 = y, and line, y = x, is A (1, 1).

Area of OACO = Area ∆OAB – Area OBACO
1 1 1
 Area of OAB=  OB  AB  11 
2 2 2
1
1 1  x3  1
Area of OBACO =  ydx   x dx    
2
0 0
 3 0 3
⇒ Area of OACO = Area of ∆OAB – Area of OBACO
1 1
= 
2 3
1
=
6
1 1
Therefore, required area = 2    units.
6 3

Question 10:
Find the area bounded by the curve x2 = 4y and the line x = 4y – 2
Solution 10:
The area bounded by the curve, x2 = 4y, and line, x = 4y – 2, is represented by the shaded area
OBAO.

Let A and B be the points of intersection of the line and parabola.

 1
Coordinates of point A are  1,  .
 4
Coordinates of point B are (2, 1).
We draw AL and BM perpendicular to x-axis.
It can be observed that,

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Area OBAO = Area OBCO + Area OACO … (1)

Then, Area OBCO = Area OMBC – Area OMBO
2 x2 2 x
2
 dx   dx
0 4 0 4

2 2
1  x2  1  x3 
   2x   
4 2 0 4  3 0

 2  4   
1 1 8

4 4 3
3 2
 
2 3
5

6
Similarly, Area OACO = Area OLAC – Area OLAO
x2
0 0 x
2
 dx   dx
1 4 1 4

0 0
1  x2  1  x3 
   2x   
4 2 1 4  3  1

1   1   1   1  
3

   2  1      
4 2   4  3  
1 1  1
    2 
4 2  2
1 1 1
  
2 8 12
7

24
5 7  9
Therefore, required area =     units
 6 24  8

Question 11:
Find the area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x and the line x = 3
Solution 11:
The region bounded by the parabola, y2 = 4x, and the line, x = 3, is the area OACO

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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The area OACO is symmetrical about x-axis.

∴ Area of OACO = 2 (Area of OAB)
Area OACO = 2   ydx 
3

 0 

 2   2 xdx 
3

 0 
3
 32 
x 
 
 4 3 
2
 
 
 0
8 3
  3  2 
3 
8 3
Therefore, the required area is 8 3 units.

Question 12:
Area lying in the first quadrant and bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the lines x = 0 and x =
2 is
A. π

B.
2

C.
3

D.
4

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Solution 12:
The area bounded by the circle and the lines, x = 0 and x = 2, in the first quadrant is represented
as

2
 Area OAB =  ydx
0
2
 4  x 2 dx
0
2
x 4 x
 4  x 2  sin 1 
2 2 2 0
 
 2 
2
  units
Thus, the correct answer is A.

Question 13:
Area of the region bounded by the curve y2 = 4x, y-axis and the line y = 3 is
A. 2
9
B.
4
9
C.
3
9
D.
2
Solution 13:
The area bounded by the curve, y2 = 4x, y-axis, and y = 3 is represented as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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3
 Area OAB = 0
xdy
3 y2
 dy
0 4
3
1  y3 
  
4  4 0
1
  27 
12
9
 units
4
Thus, the correct answer is B.

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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EXERCISE- 8.2

Question 1:
Find the area of the circle 4x2 + 4y2 = 9 which is interior to the parabola x2 = 4y
Solution 1:
The required area is represented by the shaded area OBCDO.

Solving the given equation of circle, 4x2 + 4y2 = 9, and parabola, x2 = 4y, we obtain the point of
 1  1
intersection as B  2,  and D   2,  .
 2  2
It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about y-axis.
∴ Area OBCDO = 2 × Area OBCO
We draw BM perpendicular to OA.
Therefore, the coordinates of M are  2,0 . 
Therefore, Area OBCO = Area OMBCO – Area OMBO


2  9  4 x  dx 
2
2 x2
0 4 
0 4
1 2 1 2
 
2 0
9  4 x 2 dx   x 2 dx
4 0
2
1  x3 
2
1 9 2x 
  x 9  4 x 2  sin 1    
4 2 3 0 4  3 0
1 9 1 2 2  1
 2
3
  2 9  8  sin 
4 2 3  12

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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2 9 1 2 2 2
  sin 
4 8 3 6
2 9 1 2 2
  sin
12 8 3
1  2 9 1 2 2 
   sin 
2 6 4 3 
Therefore, the required area OBCDO is
 1  2 9 1 2 2    2 9 1 2 2 
 2    sin     sin  units
 2 6 4 3    6 4 3 

Question 2:
Find the area bounded by curves (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1
Solution 2:
The area bounded by the curves, (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1, is represented by the shaded
area as

On solving the equations, (x – 1)2 + y2 = 1 and x2 + y2 = 1, we obtain the point of intersection

1 3 1 3
as A  ,  and B  ,  
2 2  2 2 
It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about x-axis.
∴ Area OBCAO = 2 × Area OCAO
We join AB, which intersects OC at M, such that AM is perpendicular to OC.
1 
The coordinates of M are  , 0 
2 
 Area OCAO  Area OMAO  Area MCAM

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 1 
   2 1   x  1 dx  1 1  x 2 dx 
2 1

 
0
2

1
 x 1
1
1 2  x 1 
 1   x  1  sin 1  x  1    1  x 2  sin 1 x 
2

 2 2 0  2 2 1
2

 1 2
 1  1 1  1  1 1  1 1  1  1 1  1  
2

  1      sin   1  sin  1  sin  1 

   1
1      sin  
 4  2 2  2  2  2 4  2 2  2  
  
 3 1    1     1    3 1   
                 
 8 2  6  2  2   2  2  8 2  6 
 3    
      
 4 12 4 4 12 
 3  
    
 4 6 2
 2 3
  
 6 4 
 2 3   2 3
Therefore, required area OBCAO = 2         units
 6 4   3 2 

Question 3:
Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0 and x = 3
Solution 3:
The area bounded by the curves, y = x2 + 2, y = x, x = 0, and x = 3, is represented by the shaded
area OCBAO as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Then, Area OCBAO = Area ODBAO – Area ODCO

   x 2  2  dx   xdx
3 3

0 0
3 3
 x3   x2 
   2x   
3 0  2 0
9
 9  6   
2
9
 15 
2
21
 units
2

Question 4:
Using integration finds the area of the region bounded by the triangle whose vertices are (–1, 0),
(1, 3) and (3, 2).
Solution 4:
BL and CM are drawn perpendicular to x-axis.
It can be observed in the following figure that,
Area (∆ACB) = Area (ALBA) + Area (BLMCB) – Area (AMCA) … (1)

Equation of line segment AB is

30
y0   x  1
11
3
y   x  1
2
1
3 3  x2  3 1 1 
 Area  ALBA     x  1 dx    x     1   1  3units
1

1 2 2 2  1 2  2 2 

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Equation of line segment BC is

23
y 3   x  1
3 1
1
y  x  7
2
3
1 1  x2  1 9 1 
 Area  BLMCB    
3
 x  7 dx     7 x     21   7   5units
1 2 2 2 1 2  2 2 
Equation of line segment AC is
20
y0   x  1
3 1
1
y   x  1
2
3
1 3 1  x2  1 9 1 
 Area  AMCA     x  1 dx    x     3   1  4units
2 1 2 2  1 2  2 2 
Therefore, from equation (1), we obtain
Area (∆ABC) = (3 + 5 – 4) = 4 units

Question 5:
Using integration find the area of the triangular region whose sides have the equations y = 2x
+1, y = 3x + 1 and x = 4.
Solution 5:
The equations of sides of the triangle are y = 2x +1, y = 3x + 1, and x = 4.
On solving these equations, we obtain the vertices of triangle as A(0, 1), B(4, 13), and C (4, 9).

It can be observed that,

Area (∆ACB) = Area (OLBAO) –Area (OLCAO)

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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   3x  1 dx    2 x  1 dx
4 4

0 0
4 4
 3x 2
  2 x2 
  x    x
 2 0  2 0
  24  4   16  4 
 28  20
 8units

Question6:
Smaller area enclosed by the circle x2 + y2 = 4 and the line x + y = 2 is
A. 2 (π – 2)
B. π – 2
C. 2π – 1
D. 2 (π + 2)
Solution 6:
The smaller area enclosed by the circle, x2 + y2 = 4, and the line, x + y = 2, is represented by the
shaded area ACBA as

It can be observed that,

Area ACBA = Area OACBO – Area (∆OAB)
4  x 2 dx    2  x  dx
2 2

0 0
2 2
x 4 x  x
 4  x 2  sin 1    2 x  
2 2 2 0  2 0
 
  2.    4  2
 2
   2  units
Thus, the correct answer is B.

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Question 7:
Area lying between the curve y2 = 4x and y = 2x is
2 1
A. C.
3 4
1 3
B. D.
3 4
Solution 7:
The area lying between the curve, y2 = 4x and y = 2x, is represented by the shaded area OBAO
as

The points of intersection of these curves are O (0, 0) and A (1, 2).
We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis such that the coordinates of C are (1, 0).
∴ Area OBAO = Area (∆OCA) – Area (OCABO)
1 1
  2 xdx   2 xdx
0 0
1
 3 1
x   x2 
2
 2  2 
 2 0 3
 
 2 0
4
 1
3
1

3
1
 units
3
Thus, the correct answer is B.

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
______________________________________________________________________________
Miscellaneous EXERCISE

Question 1:
Find the area under the given curves and given lines:
(i) y = x2, x = 1, x = 2 and x-axis
(ii) y = x4, x = 1, x = 5 and x –axis
Solution 1:
i. The required area is represented by the shaded area ADCBA as

2
Area ADCBA = 
1
ydx
2
  x 2 dx
1
2
 x3 
 
 3 1
8 1
 
3 3
7
 units
3
ii. The required area is represented by the shaded area ADCBA as

5
Area of ADCBA = 
1
x 4 dx
5
 x5 
 
 5 1

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 5
5
1
 
5 5
1
  5 
4

5
1
 625 
5
 624.8 units

Question 2:
Find the area between the curves y = x and y = x2
Solution 2:
The required area is represented by the shaded area OBAO as

The points of intersection of the curves, y = x and y = x2, is A (1, 1).

We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis.
∴ Area (OBAO) = Area (∆OCA) – Area (OCABO) … (1)
1 1
  xdx   x 2 dx
0 0
1 1
 x 2   x3 
    
 2 0  3 0
1 1
 
2 3
1
 units
6

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Question 3:
Find the area of the region lying in the first quadrant and bounded by y = 4x2, x = 0, y = 1 and y
=4
Solution 3:
The area in the first quadrant bounded by y = 4x2, x = 0, y = 1, and y = 4 is represented by the
shaded area ABCDA as

4
 Area ABCD=  xdx
1

4 4
 dx
1 2
4
 3
1  y2 
  
2 3 
 2 1
1 3 
  4  2  1
3 
1
 8  1
3
7
 units
3

Question 4:
0
Sketch the graph of y  x  3 and evaluate 6
x  3 dx
Solution 4:
The given equation is y  x  3

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The corresponding values of x and y are given in the following table.

On plotting these points, we obtain the graph y  x  3 of as follows.

It is known that,  x  3  0 for -6  x  -3 and  x  3  0 for -3  x  0

3
 x  3 dx  6  x  3 dx  3  x  3 dx
0 0

6
3 0
 x2   x2 
    3x     3x 
2  6  2  3
  32    6 2      32 
    3  3     3  6     0    3  3  
 2   2
 
   2
  


 9  9
      
 2  2
9

Question 5:
Find the area bounded by the curve y = sin x between x = 0 and x = 2π
Solution 5:
The graph of y = sin x can be drawn as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
______________________________________________________________________________

∴ Required area = Area OABO + Area BCDB

 2
  sin xdx   sin xdx
0

   cos x 0    cos x 
 2

   cos   cos 0   cos 2  cos 

 1  1   1  1
 2  2
 2  2  4 units

Question 6:
Find the area enclosed between the parabola y2 = 4ax and the line y = mx
Solution 6:
The area enclosed between the parabola, y2 = 4ax, and the line, y = mx, is represented by the
shaded area OABO as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 4a 4a 
The points of intersection of both the curves are (0, 0) and  2 ,  .
m m 
We draw AC perpendicular to x-axis.
∴ Area OABO = Area OCABO – Area (∆OCA)
4a 4a
  m 2 axdx   m mxdx
2 2

0 0
4a
 3  m2 4a
 x2   x 2  m2
 2 a   m 
3  2 0
 
 2 0
3
 4 a  2 m  4a  
2
4
 a  2    2  
3 m  2  m  

32a 2 m  16a 2 
   
3m3 2  m 2 
32a 2 8a 2
 
3m3 m3
8a 2
 units
3m3

Question 7:
Find the area enclosed by the parabola 4y = 3x2 and the line 2y = 3x + 12
Solution 7:
The area enclosed between the parabola, 4y = 3x2, and the line, 2y = 3x + 12, is represented by
the shaded area OBAO as
The points of intersection of the given curves are A (–2, 3) and (4, 12).
We draw AC and BD perpendicular to x-axis.
∴ Area OBAO = Area CDBA – (Area ODBO + Area OACO)
2
1 4 3x
   3x  12  dx  
1
dx
2 2 2 4

4 4
1  3x 2  3  x3 
   12 x    
2 2  2 4  3  2
1 1
  24  48  6  24   64  8
2 4

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1 1
 90  72
2 4
 45  18
 27 units

Question 8:
x2 y 2 x y
Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse   1 and the line   1
9 4 3 2
Solution 8:
x2 y 2 x y
The area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse,   1 , and the line,   1 , is
9 4 3 2
represented by the shaded region BCAB as
∴ Area BCAB = Area (OBCAO) – Area (OBAO)
3 x2 3  x
  2 1 dx   2 1   dx
0 9 0
 3
2 3
9  x 2 dx     3  1 dx
2 3
3  0

 3 0

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3
9 1 x  2  x2 
3
2 x
  9  x  sin
2
 3x  
3 2 2 3  0 3  2 0
2  9    2  9 
    9
3  2  2   3  2 
2  9 9 
 
3  4 2 
2 9
    2 
3 4
3
   2  units
2

Question 9:
x2 y 2 x y
Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse 2
 2  1and the line   1
a b a b
Solution 9:
x2 y 2 x y
The area of the smaller region bounded by the ellipse, 2
 2  1 , and the line,   1 , is
a b a b
represented by the shaded region BCAB as
∴ Area BCAB = Area (OBCAO) – Area (OBAO)
a x2 a  x
  b 1  2 dx   b 1   dx
0 a 0
 a

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b a 2 b a
 a  x  dx
a 0 a 0
 a  x 2
dx 

b  x 2 x2  
a a
a2 1 x  
   a  x  sin
2
  ax   
a  2 2 a 0  2 0 
 
b   a 2      2 a 2 
       a  
a  2  2   2 

b  a 2 a 2 
  
a  4 2
ba 2   
 1
2a  2 
ab   
 1
2  2 
ab
   2 
4

Question 10:
Find the area of the region enclosed by the parabola x2 = y, the line y = x + 2 and x axis
Solution 10:
The area of the region enclosed by the parabola, x2 = y, the line, y = x + 2, and x-axis is
represented by the shaded region OABCO as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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The point of intersection of the parabola, x2 = y, and the line, y = x + 2, is A (–1, 1).
∴ Area OABCO = Area (BCA) + Area COAC
1
 x  2  dx   x 2 dx
0

2 1
1 0
 x2   x3 
   2x   
2  2  3  1
  12  2 
2
   13 
  2  1   2  2      
 2 2   3 

1 1
  224 
2 3
5
 units
6

Question 11:
Using the method of integration find the area bounded by the curve x  y  1
[Hint: the required region is bounded by lines x + y = 1, x – y = 1, – x + y = 1 and – x – y = 11]
Solution 11:
The area bounded by the curve, x  y  1 , is represented by the shaded region ADCB as

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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The curve intersects the axes at points A (0, 1), B (1, 0), C (0, –1), and D (–1, 0).
It can be observed that the given curve is symmetrical about x-axis and y-axis.
∴ Area ADCB = 4 × Area OBAO
 4 1  x  dx
1

0
1
 x2 
 4 x  
 2 0
 1
 4 1  
 2
1
 4 
2
 2 units

Question 12:
Find the area bounded by curves  x, y  : y  x 2
and y= x 
Solution 12:
The area bounded by the curves,  x, y  : y  x 2
and y= x  , is represented by the shaded region
as

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It can be observed that the required area is symmetrical about y-axis.

Required area = 2 [ Area (OCAO) – Area (OCADO)]
 2   xdx   x 2 dx 
1 1

 0 0 
  x 2 1  x3 1 
 2      
  2  0  3  0 
1 1
 2  
 2 3
1 1
 2    units
6 3

Question 13:
Using the method of integration find the area of the triangle ABC, coordinates of whose vertices
are A (2, 0), B (4, 5) and C (6, 3)
Solution 13:
The vertices of ∆ABC are A (2, 0), B (4, 5), and C (6, 3).

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Equation of line segment AB is

50
y0   x  2
42
2 y  5 x  10
5
y   x  2 ... 1
2
Equation of line segment BC is
35
y 5   x  4
64
2 y  10  2 x  8
2 y  2 x  18
y  x  9 ...  2 
Equation of line segment CA is
03
y 3   x  6
26
4 y  12  3 x  18
4 y  3x  6
3
y  x  2  ...  3
4
Area (∆ABC) = Area (ABLA) + Area (BLMCB) – Area (ACMA)
45 63
   x  2  dx     x  9  dx    x  2  dx
6

2 2 4 2 4

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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4 6 6
5  x2    x2  3  x2 
   2x    9x    2x
2 2 2  2 4 4  2 2
5 3
 8  8  2  4   18  54  8  36  18  12  2  4 
2 4
3
 5  8  8
4
 13  6
 7 units

Question 14:
Using the method of integration find the area of the region bounded by lines:
2x + y = 4, 3x – 2y = 6 and x – 3y + 5 = 0
Solution 14:
The given equations of lines are
2x + y = 4 … (1)
3x – 2y = 6 … (2)
And, x – 3y + 5 = 0 … (3)

The area of the region bounded by the lines is the area of ∆ABC. AL and CM are the
perpendiculars on x-axis.
Area (∆ABC) = Area (ALMCA) – Area (ALB) – Area (CMB)
4 x  5  2 4  3x  6 
  dx     4  2 x  dx     dx
1
 3  1 2
 2 

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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4 4
1  x2  2 1  3x 2 
   5 x    4 x  x 2     6x
3 2 1
1 2 2 2
1 1  1
 8  20   5  8  4  4  1   24  24  6  12 
3 2  2
 1 45  1
     1   6 
3 2  2
15
 1 3
2
15 15  8 7
 4  units
2 2 2

Question 15:
Find the area of the region  x, y  : y 2
 4 x.4 x 2  4 y 2  9
Solution 15:
The area bounded by the curves,  x, y  : y 2
 4 x.4 x 2  4 y 2  9 , is represented as

1  1 
The points of intersection of both the curves are  , 2  and  ,  2  .
2  2 
The required area is given by OABCO.
It can be observed that area OABCO is symmetrical about x-axis.
∴ Area OABCO = 2 × Area OBC
Area OBCO = Area OMC + Area MBC

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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1 3
1
  2 2 xdx  12 9  4 x 2 dx
0
2 2
1 3
1
  2 xdx    3   2 x 
2 2
2 2
1 dx
0
2 2

Question 16:
Area bounded by the curve y = x3, the x-axis and the ordinates x = –2 and x = 1 is
A. – 9
15
B. 
4
15
C.
4
17
D.
4
Solution 16:

1
Required area = 2
ydx
1
  x3dx
2
1
 x4 
 
 4  2

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 1 (2) 4 
4  4 
 
1  15
  4    units
4  4
Thus, the correct answer is B.

Question 17:
The area bounded by the curve y  x x , x-axis and the ordinates x = –1 and x = 1 is given by
[Hint: y = x2 if x > 0 and y = –x2 if x < 0]
A.0
1
B.
3
2
C.
3
4
D.
3
Solution 17:

1
Required area = 
1
ydx
1
  x x dx
1
0 1
  x 2 dx   x 2 dx
1 0
0 1
 x3   x3 
   
 3  1  3  0

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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 1 1
   
 3 3
2
 units
3
Thus, the correct answer is C.

Question 18:
The area of the circle x2 + y2 = 16 exterior to the parabola y2 = 6x is
A.
4
3

4  3 
B.
4
3
4  3 
C.
4
3

8  3 
D.
4
3

8  3 
Solution 18:
The given equations are
x2 + y2 = 16 … (1)
y2 = 6x … (2)

Area bounded by the circle and parabola

 2  Area  OADO   Area  ADBA  

 2   16 xdx   16  x 2 dx 
2 4

 0 2 

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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  3 2 
  x2   x 16 x
4

 2  6     2  16  x 2  sin 1 
 3  2 2 4 2
  2 0 
2
2  32     1 
 2 6   x   2 8.  16  4  8sin 1   
3  0  2  2 


4 6
3
 

2 2  2  4  12  8 
 6
16 3 8
  8  4 3  
3 3
4
  4 3  6  3 3  2 
3
4
  3  4 
3
4
  4  3  units
3
Area of circle = π (r)2
= π (4)2
= 16π units
4
 Required area = 16 -  4  3 
3
4
  4  3  4  3 
3
4

 8  3 units
3

Thus, the correct answer is C.

Question 19:

The area bounded by the y-axis, y = cos x and y = sin x when 0  x 
2
A. 2  2 1
B. 2 1
C. 2 1
D. 2

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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Solution 19:
The given equations are
y = cos x … (1)
And, y = sin x … (2)

Required area = Area (ABLA) + area (OBLO)

1
1
  1 xdy   2 xdy
0
2
1 1
  1 cos 1 ydy   1 sin 1 xdy
2 2

Integrating by parts, we obtain

1
1
  y cos 1 y  1  y 2    x sin 1 x  1  x 2  2
  1  0
2

 1  1  1  1 1  1  1 
 cos 1 1  cos 1    1     sin    1   1
 2  2 2  2  2 2 
 1  1
    1
4 2 2 4 2 2
2
 1
2
 2  1units

Thus, the correct answer is B.

dt
Put 2x = t  dx =
2
3 1
When x = , t = 3 and when x = , t = 1
2 2
1
1 3
  2 2 xdx   3   t 
4 1
2 2
dt
0

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Class XII Chapter 8 – Application of Integrals Maths
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1
 3 2
 x2  1  t
3
9 1  t  
 2     9  t  sin   
2
3
  4 2 2  3  1
 2 0
 3

2  1  1  3 9  3   1 9  1  
 2      9   3  sin 1      9  1  sin 1   
 
2 2 2

 3  2   4  2 2  3   2 2  3  
 
2 1  9  1 9  1  
   0  sin 1 1    8  sin 1   
3 2 4  2  2 2  3  
2 1  9 9  1 
    2  sin 1   
3 4 4 2  3 
2 9 2 9 1  1 
    sin  
3 16 4 8 3
9 9 1  1  2
  sin   
16 8  3  12
  9 9 1  1  2   9 9 1  1  1
Therefore, the required area is  2    sin        sin    units
  16 8  3  12   8 4 3 3 2

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