SECTION-A

1. The decimal expansion of 22/7 is

(a) Terminating

(b) Non-terminating and repeating

(c) Non-terminating and Non-repeating

(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) Non-terminating and repeating

Explanation: 22/7 = 3.14285714286..

2. For some integer n, the odd integer is represented in the form of:

(a) n

(b) n + 1

(c) 2n + 1

(d) 2n

Answer: (c) 2n + 1

Explanation: Since 2n represents the even numbers, hence 2n + 1 will always represent the
odd numbers. Suppose if n = 2, then 2n = 4 and 2n + 1 = 5.

3. HCF of 26 and 91 is:

(a) 15
(b) 13

(c) 19

(d) 11

Answer: (b) 13

Explanation: The prime factorisation of 26 and 91 is;

26 = 2 x 13

91 = 7 x 13

Hence, HCF (26, 91) = 13

4. Which of the following is not irrational?

(a) (3 + √7)

(b) (3 – √7)

(c) (3 + √7) (3 – √7)

(d) 3√7

Answer: (c) (3 + √7) (3 – √7)

Explanation: If we solve, (3 + √7) (3 – √7), we get;

(3 + √7) (3 – √7) = 32 – (√7)2 = 9 – 7 = 2 [By a2 – b2 = (a – b) (a + b)]

5. The addition of a rational number and an irrational number is equal to:

(a) rational number

(b) Irrational number

(c) Both

(d) None of the above

Answer: (b) Irrational number

The addition of a rational number and an irrational number is equal to irrational number.

6. The multiplication of two irrational numbers is:

(a) irrational number

(b) rational number

(c) Maybe rational or irrational

(d) None

Answer: (c) Maybe rational or irrational

The multiplication of two irrational numbers is maybe rational or irrational.

7. If set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…} is given, then it represents:

(a) Whole numbers

(b) Rational Numbers

(c) Natural numbers

(d) Complex numbers

Answer: (c) Natural numbers

If set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…} is given, then it represents natural numbers.

8. If p and q are integers and is represented in the form of p/q, then it is a:

(a) Whole number

(b) Rational number

(c) Natural number

(d) Even number

Answer: (b) Rational number

If p and q are integers and is represented in the form of p/q, then it is a rational number.

9. The largest number that divides 70 and 125, which leaves the remainders 5 and 8, is:

(a) 65

(b) 15

(c) 13

(d) 25

Answer: (c) 13

Explanation: 70 – 5 = 65 and 125 – 8 = 117

HCF (65, 117) is the largest number that divides 70 and 125 and leaves remainder 5 and 8.

HCF (65, 117) = 13

10. The least number that is divisible by all the numbers from 1 to 5 is:

(a) 70

(b) 60

(c) 80

(d) 90

Answer: (b) 60

Explanation: The least number will be LCM of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

Hence, LCM (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 = 60

11. The sum or difference of two irrational numbers is always

(a) rational
(b) irrational

(c) rational or irrational

(d) not determined

Answer: (b) irrational

12. The decimal expansion of the rational number 23/(22 . 5) will terminate after

(a) one decimal place

(b) two decimal places

(c) three decimal places

(d) more than 3 decimal places

Answer: (b) two decimal places

Explanation:

23/(22 . 5) = (23 × 5)/(22 . 52) = 115/(10)2 = 115/100 = 1.15

Hence, 23/(22 . 5) will terminate after two decimal places.

13. Euclid’s division lemma states that for two positive integers a and b, there exist unique
integers q and r such that a = bq + r, where r must satisfy

(a) 1 < r < b

(b) 0 < r ≤ b

(c) 0 ≤ r < b

(d) 0 < r < b

Correct option: (c) 0 ≤ r < b

Euclid’s division lemma states that for two positive integers a and b, there exist unique
integers q and r such that a = bq + r, where r must satisfy 0 ≤ r < b.
14. For some integer m, every even integer is of the form

(a) m

(b) m + 1

(c) 2m

(d) 2m + 1

Answer: (c) 2m

For some integer m, every even integer is of the form 2m.

15. Using Euclid’s division algorithm, the HCF of 231 and 396 is

(a) 32

(b) 21

(c) 13

(d) 33

Answer: (d) 33

Explanation:

396 > 231

Using Euclid’s division algorithm,

396 = 231 × 1 + 165

231 = 165 × 1 + 66

165 = 66 × 2 + 33

66 = 33 × 2 + 0

16. If the HCF of 65 and 117 is expressible in the form 65m – 117, then the value of m is
(a) 4

(b) 2

(c) 1

(d) 3

Answer: (b) 2

Explanation:

117 > 65

117 = 65 × 1 + 52

65 = 52 × 1 + 13

52 = 13 × 4 + 0

Therefore, HCF(65, 117) = 13

According to the given,

65m – 117 = 13

65m = 117 + 13

65m = 130

m = 130/65 = 2

17. The prime factorisation of 96 is

(a) 25 × 3

(b) 26

(c) 24 × 3

(d) 24 × 32
Answer: (a) 25 × 3

Explanation:

The prime factorisation of 96 is:

96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 25 × 3

18. n² – 1 is divisible by 8, if n is

(a) an integer

(b) a natural number

(c) an odd integer

(d) an even integer

Answer: (c) an odd integer

Explanation:

We know that an odd number in the form (2Q + 1) where Q is a natural number ,

so, n² -1 = (2Q + 1)² -1

= 4Q² + 4Q + 1 -1

= 4Q² + 4Q

Substituting Q = 1, 2,…

When Q = 1,

4Q² + 4Q = 4(1)² + 4(1) = 4 + 4 = 8 , it is divisible by 8.

When Q = 2,

4Q² + 4Q = 4(2)² + 4(2) =16 + 8 = 24, it is also divisible by 8 .

When Q = 3,
4Q² + 4Q = 4(3)² + 4(3) = 36 + 12 = 48 , divisible by 8

It is concluded that 4Q² + 4Q is divisible by 8 for all natural numbers.

Hence, n² -1 is divisible by 8 for all odd values of n.

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of

Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of
Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

19. Assertion: The H.C.F. of two numbers is 16 and their product is 3072. Then their L.C.M.
= 162.
Reason: If a and b are two positive integers, then H.C.F. × L.C.M. = a × b.

Answer: (d) Assetion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Explanation: Since HCF × LCM = a × b
⇒ 3072 = 16 × 162
⇒ 3072 ≠ 2592

20. Assertion: Denominator of 34.12345. When expressed in the form p/q, q ≠ 0, is of the
form
2m × 5n, where m and n are non-negative integers.
Reason: 34.12345 is a terminating decimal fraction.

Answer: (a)
SECTION-B

21. Find the largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7, 11, and
15 respectively.
Solution:
Algorithm
398 – 7 = 391, 436 – 11 = 425, 542 – 15 = 527
HCF of 391, 425, 527 = 17

22. If the HCF of 408 and 1032 is expressible in the form 1032 × 2 + 408 × p, then find the
value of p.
Solution:
HCF of 408 and 1032 is 24.
1032 × 2 + 408 × (p) = 24
408p = 24 – 2064
p = -5

23. HCF and LCM of two numbers is 9 and 459 respectively. If one of the numbers is 27,
find the other number. (2012)
Solution:
We know,
1st number × 2nd number = HCF × LCM
⇒ 27 × 2nd number = 9 × 459
⇒ 2nd number = 9×45927 = 153

24.A) Find the LCM of 96 and 360 by using fundamental theorem of arithmetic. (2012)
Solution:
96 = 25 × 3
360 = 23 × 32 × 5
LCM = 25 × 32 × 5 = 32 × 9 × 5 = 1440

(OR)
24.B) Find the largest number which divides 70 and 125 leaving remainder 5 and 8
respectively.
Solution:
It is given that on dividing 70 by the required number, there is a remainder 5.
This means that 70 – 5 = 65 is exactly divisible by the required number.
Similarly, 125 – 8 = 117 is also exactly divisible by the required number.
65 = 5 × 13
117 = 32 × 13
HCF = 13
Required number = 13

25.A) Find the prime factorisation of the denominator of rational number expressed
as 6.12¯ in simplest form.
Solution:
Let x = 6.12¯ …(i)
100x = 612.12¯ …(ii)
…[Multiplying both sides by 100]
Subtracting (i) from (ii),
99x = 606
x = 60699 = 20233
Denominator = 33
Prime factorisation = 3 × 11
(OR)
25.B) Complete the following factor tree and find the composite number x. (2014)

Solution:
y = 5 × 13 = 65
x = 3 × 195 = 585
SECTION-C

26.A) Show that 3√7 is an irrational number.

Solution:
Let us assume, to the contrary, that 3√7 is rational.
That is, we can find coprime a and b (b ≠ 0) such that 3√7 = ab
Rearranging, we get √7 = a3b
Since 3, a and b are integers, a3b is rational, and so √7 is rational.
But this contradicts the fact that √7 is irrational.
So, we conclude that 3√7 is irrational.

(OR)
26.B)Explain why (17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11) is a composite number?
Solution:
17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11 …(i)
= 2 × 11 × (17 × 5 × 3 + 1)
= 2 × 11 × (255 + 1)
= 2 × 11 × 256
Number (i) is divisible by 2, 11 and 256, it has more than 2 prime factors.
Therefore (17 × 5 × 11 × 3 × 2 + 2 × 11) is a composite number.

27. Check whether 4n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n. (2015)
Solution:
4n = (22)n = 22n
The only prime in the factorization of 4n is 2.
There is no other prime in the factorization of 4n = 22n
(By uniqueness of the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic).
5 does not occur in the prime factorization of 4n for any n.
Therefore, 4n does not end with the digit zero for any natural number n.

28. Can two numbers have 15 as their HCF and 175 as their LCM? Give reasons. (2017 OD)
Solution:
No, LCM = Product of the highest power of each factor involved in the numbers.
HCF = Product of the smallest power of each common factor.
We can conclude that LCM is always a multiple of HCF, i.e., LCM = k × HCF
We are given that,
LCM = 175 and HCF = 15
175 = k × 15
⇒ 11.67 = k
But in this case, LCM ≠ k × HCF
Therefore, two numbers cannot have LCM as 175 and HCF as 15.

29. Two tankers contain 850 liters and 680 liters of petrol. Find the maximum capacity of a
container which can measure the petrol of each tanker in the exact number of times. (2012)
Solution:
To find the maximum capacity of a container which can measure the petrol of each tanker in
the exact number of times, we find the HCF of 850 and 680.
850 = 2 × 52 × 17
680 = 23 × 5 × 17
HCF = 2 × 5 × 17 = 170
Maximum capacity of the container = 170 liters.

30.A) The length, breadth, and height of a room are 8 m 50 cm, 6 m 25 cm and 4 m 75 cm
respectively. Find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions of the room
exactly.
Solution:
To find the length of the longest rod that can measure the dimensions of the room exactly, we
have to find HCF.
L, Length = 8 m 50 cm = 850 cm = 21 × 52 × 17
B, Breadth = 6 m 25 cm = 625 cm = 54
H, Height = 4 m 75 cm = 475 cm = 52 × 19
HCF of L, B and H is 52 = 25 cm
Length of the longest rod = 25 cm
30.B) Three alarm clocks ring at intervals of 4, 12 and 20 minutes respectively. If they start
ringing together, after how much time will they next ring together? (2015)
Solution:
To find the time when the clocks will next ring together,
we have to find LCM of 4, 12 and 20 minutes.
4 = 22
12 = 22 × 3
20 = 22 × 5

LCM of 4, 12 and 20 = 22 × 3 × 5 = 60 minutes.

So, the clocks will ring together again after 60 minutes or one hour.

31. By using Euclid’s algorithm, find the largest number which divides 650 and 1170.
Solution:
Given numbers are 650 and 1170.
1170 > 650
1170 = 650 × 1 + 520
650 = 520 × 1 + 130
520 = 130 × 4 + 0
HCF = 130
The required largest number is 130.

SECTION-D

32.A) Find the HCF of 255 and 867 by Euclid’s division algorithm. (2014)
Solution:
867 is greater than 255. We apply the division lemma to 867 and 255, to get
867 = 255 × 3 + 102
We continue the process till the remainder is zero
255 = 102 × 2 + 51
102 = 51 × 2 + 0, the remainder is zero.
HCF = 51

32.B) Using Euclid’s division algorithm, find whether the pair of numbers 847, 2160 are
coprime or not.
To find out the minimum (least) time when the bells toll together next, we find the LCM of 9,
12, 15.
Solution:

33. There are 104 students in class X and 96 students in class IX in a school. In a house
examination, the students are to be evenly seated in parallel rows such that no two adjacent
rows are of the same class. (2013)
(a) Find the maximum number of parallel rows of each class for the seating arrange¬ment.
(b) Also, find the number of students of class IX and also of class X in a row.
(c) What is the objective of the school administration behind such an arrangement?
Solution:
104 = 23 × 13
96 = 25 × 3
HCF = 23 = 8
(a) Number of rows of students of class X = 1048 = 13
Number maximum of rows class IX = 968 = 12
Total number of rows = 13 + 12 = 25
(b) No. of students of class IX in a row = 8
No. of students of class X in a row = 8
(c) The objective of school administration behind such an arrangement is fair and clean
examination, so that no student can take help from any other student of his/her class.

34. Dudhnath has two vessels containing 720 ml and 405 ml of milk respectively. Milk from
these containers is poured into glasses of equal capacity to their brim. Find the minimum
number of glasses that can be filled. (2014)
Solution:
1st vessel = 720 ml; 2nd vessel = 405 ml
We find the HCF of 720 and 405 to find the maximum quantity of milk to be filled in one
glass.
405 = 34 × 5
720 = 24 × 32 × 5
HCF = 32 × 5 = 45 ml = Capacity of glass
No. of glasses filled from 1st vessel = 720/45 = 16
No. of glasses filled from 2nd vessel = 405/45 = 9
Total number of glasses = 25

35.A) Amita, Sneha, and Raghav start preparing cards for all persons of an old age home. In
order to complete one card, they take 10, 16 and 20 minutes respectively. If all of them
started together, after what time will they start preparing a new card together?
Solution:
To find the earliest (least) time, they will start preparing a new card together, we find the
LCM of 10, 16 and 20.
10 = 2 × 5
16 = 24
20 = 22 × 5
LCM = 24 × 5 = 16 × 5 = 80 minutes
They will start preparing a new card together after 80 minutes.

35.B)Find HCF of numbers 134791, 6341 and 6339 by Euclid’s division algorithm.
Solution:
First, we find HCF of 6339 and 6341 by Euclid’s division method.

6341 > 6339

6341 = 6339 × 1 + 2
6339 = 2 × 3169 + 1
2=1×2+0
HCF of 6341 and 6339 is 1.
Now, we find the HCF of 134791 and 1
134791 = 1 × 134791 + 0
HCF of 134791 and 1 is 1.
Hence, the HCF of the given three numbers is 1.

SECTION-E

Read the following passage and answer the question 36 to 38:

HCF and LCM are widely used in number system especially in real numbers in finding
relationship between different numbers and their general forms. Also, product of two positive
integers is equal to the product of their HCF and LCM
Based on the above information answer the following questions.

36. If two positive integers x and y are expressible in terms of primes as x =p2q3 and y=p3q,
then which of the following is true?
(a) HCF = pq2 x LCM
(b) LCM = pq2 x HCF
(c) LCM = p2q x HCF
(d) HCF = p2q x LCM
Answer: (b) LCM = pq2 x HCF

37. A boy with collection of marbles realizes that if he makes a group of 5 or 6 marbles, there
are always two marbles left, then which of the following is correct if the number of marbles is
p?
(a) p is odd
(b) p is even
(c) p is not prime
(d) both (b) and (c)

Answer: (d) both (b) and (c)

38. Find the largest possible positive integer that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving
remainder 7, 11, 15 respectively.
(a) 3
(b) 1
(c) 34
(d) 17

Answer: (d) 17