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Logics

This document discusses various digital logic circuits including analog and digital companding, adders, comparators, decoders, encoders, multiplexers, and demultiplexers. Decoders detect specific input codes and indicate their presence with outputs. Encoders perform the reverse by encoding inputs like digits into codes. Multiplexers route inputs to a single output line while demultiplexers distribute a single input to multiple outputs. Common circuits are described like binary decoders, BCD encoders, and using decoders as demultiplexers.

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35 views17 pages

Logics

This document discusses various digital logic circuits including analog and digital companding, adders, comparators, decoders, encoders, multiplexers, and demultiplexers. Decoders detect specific input codes and indicate their presence with outputs. Encoders perform the reverse by encoding inputs like digits into codes. Multiplexers route inputs to a single output line while demultiplexers distribute a single input to multiple outputs. Common circuits are described like binary decoders, BCD encoders, and using decoders as demultiplexers.

Uploaded by

gelai 2
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Companding

Analog Companding
µ-Law Companding

A-Law Companding

Digital Companding
Digital Compression Error
Functions of Combinational Logic

Half-Adder
Full-Adder
Half-Adders used as Full Adder

Parallel Binary Adders

4-Bit Parallel Adder


Adder Expansion

Comparators

4-Bit Comparator
Comparator Expansion

Decoders
▪ A decoder is a digital circuit that detects the presence of a specified combination of bits (code) on its
inputs and indicates the presence of that code by a specified output level. In its general form, a decoder
has n input lines to handle n bits and from one to 2n output lines to indicate the presence of one or more
n-bit combinations. In this section, three fixed-function IC decoders are introduced. The basic principles
can be extended to other types of decoders.
The Basic Binary Decoder

The 4-Bit Decoder

1-of-16 Decoder
5-bit decoder using 74HC154s

The BCD-to-Decimal Decoder


The BCD-to-7-Segment Decoder
Functions of Combinational Logic

Encoders
▪ An encoder is a combinational logic circuit that essentially performs a “reverse” decoder function. An
encoder accepts an active level on one of its inputs representing a digit, such as a decimal or octal digit,
and converts it to a coded output, such as BCD or binary. Encoders can also be devised to encode
various symbols and alphabetic characters. The process of converting from familiar symbols or numbers
to a coded format is called encoding.
The Decimal-to-BCD Encoder
The Decimal-to-BCD Priority Encoder
▪ This type of encoder performs the same basic encoding function as previously discussed. A priority
encoder also offers additional flexibility in that it can be used in applications that require priority
detection. The priority function means that the encoder will produce a BCD output corresponding to the
highest-order decimal digit input that is active and will ignore any other lower-order active inputs. For
instance, if the 6 and the 3 inputs are both active, the BCD output is 0110 (which represents decimal 6).

Binary-to-Gray and Gray-to-Binary Conversion


Multiplexers
▪ A multiplexer (MUX) is a device that allows digital information from several sources to be routed onto a
single line for transmission over that line to a common destination. The basic multiplexer has several
data-input lines and a single output line. It also has data-select inputs, which permit digital data on any
one of the inputs to be switched to the output line. Multiplexers are also known as data selectors.
Demultiplexers
▪ A demultiplexer (DEMUX) basically reverses the multiplexing function. It takes digital information
from one line and distributes it to a given number of output lines. For this reason, the demultiplexer is
also known as a data distributor. As you will learn, decoders can also be used as demultiplexers.
Decoder as DEMUX

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