Chapter 1 Python

The document defines key computer science concepts including programs, hardware, CPUs, memory, storage, binary, machine language, assembly language, compilers, and interpreters. It provides multiple choice questions to test understanding of these topics, with answers that affirm computers now use microprocessors rather than mechanical components, main memory is also known as RAM, all data must be stored as binary, images can be stored as binary using pixels, machine language is the only language CPUs understand, assembly translates to machine language, interpreters translate and execute, and syntax errors prevent program execution. Operating systems are provided as an example of system software rather than applications.

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Chapter 1 Python

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1.

A(n) __________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows

to perform a task.
a. compiler
b. program
c. interpreter
d. programming language

2. The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as

__________.
a. hardware
b. software
c. the operating system
d. tools

3. The part of a computer that runs programs is called __________. a.

RAM
b. secondary storage
c. main memory
d. the CPU
4. Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________.
a. ENIACs
b. microprocessors
c. memory chips
d. operating systems

5. The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well

as the data that the program is working with, in __________.
a. secondary storage
b. the CPU
c. main memory
d. the microprocessor

6. This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary

storage while a program is running.
a. RAM
b. secondary storage
c. the disk drive
d. the USB drive
7. A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even
when there is no power to the computer, is called __________.
a.
RAM
b. main memory
c. secondary storage
d. CPU storage

8. A component that collects data from people or other devices and

sends it to the computer is called __________. a.
an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory

9. A video display is a(n) __________ device.

a. output device
b. input device
c. secondary storage device
d. main memory

10. A __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet

or a small number.
a. byte
b. bit
c. switch
d. transistor

11. A byte is made up of eight __________.

a. CPUs
b. instructions
c. variables
d. bits

12. In a(n) __________ numbering system, all numeric values

are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
a. hexadecimal
b. binary
c. octal
d. decimal

13. A bit that is turned off represents the following value: __________.
a. 1
b. –1
c. 0
d. “no”

14. A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters,
various punctuation marks, and other characters is __________.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

15. An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for

many languages in the world is __________.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

16. Negative numbers are encoded using the _________ technique.

a. twos compliment
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode
17. Real numbers are encoded using the __________ technique.
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode

18. The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called
__________.
a. bits
b. bytes
c. color packets
d. pixels

19. If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see
__________.
a. Python code
b. a stream of binary numbers
c. English words
d. circuits
20. In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the
CPU determines which operation it should perform.
a. fetch
b. decode
c. execute
d. immediately after the instruction is executed

21. Computers can only execute programs that are written in

__________.
a. Java
b. assembly language
c. machine language
d. Python

22. The __________ translates an assembly language program to

a machine language program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. interpreter
23. The words that make up a high-level programming language are
called __________.
a. binary instructions
b. mnemonics
c. commands
d. key words

24. The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called
__________.
a. syntax
b. punctuation
c. key words
d. operators

25. A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program

into a separate machine language program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. utility
1. Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical
components such as vacuum tubes and switches. True /False