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Experiment-10

The document summarizes an experiment to identify the functional group in an unknown organic compound. Three tests were performed: 1) a test for unsaturation that showed no unsaturation, 2) a test for a carboxylic group that was negative, and 3) a test for a phenolic group that was also negative. Four tests for an alcoholic group were positive: a) a sodium metal test produced hydrogen gas, b) an ester test produced a fruity smell, and c) a ceric ammonium nitrate test produced a red color. The result identified the compound as containing an alcoholic functional group.

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44 views1 page

Experiment-10

The document summarizes an experiment to identify the functional group in an unknown organic compound. Three tests were performed: 1) a test for unsaturation that showed no unsaturation, 2) a test for a carboxylic group that was negative, and 3) a test for a phenolic group that was also negative. Four tests for an alcoholic group were positive: a) a sodium metal test produced hydrogen gas, b) an ester test produced a fruity smell, and c) a ceric ammonium nitrate test produced a red color. The result identified the compound as containing an alcoholic functional group.

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amiagra01
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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XII - CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL

EXPERIMENT -10

Aim: To identify the functional group present in given organic compound.

Materials Required:
Test tube holder, Test tube, Dropper, Glass rod, Litmus paper, Bunsen burner

Theory: The atom or group of atoms that replaces hydrogen atoms from hydrocarbon are
called functional groups. They may be –OH, -COOH, -CO, -CHO, -Cl, -COCl, -COOR etc.
Functional groups are responsible for the characteristics of a molecule.

Experiment Observation Inference


1. Test for Unsaturation No disappearance of No unsaturation is
Dissolved a little of the given organic orange-red colour. present.
compound in about 2 ml of CCl4 in a
test tube and add few drops of bromine
water to it and shake well.
2. Tests for Carboxylic group
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Test
Take 1 ml of the given organic No effervescence is Carboxylic group is absent.
compound in a test tube and add a pinch observed.
of sodium bicarbonate to it.
3. Tests for Phenolic group
Ferric chloride Test
Take about 1 ml of neutral ferric No Violet colouration Phenolic group is absent.
chloride solution in a clean test tube
and add 2-3 drops of the given
liquid.
4. Tests for Alcoholic group Brisk effervescence is
(a)Sodium metal Test produced due to the Alcoholic group is present.
Added a small piece of sodium metal evolution of hydrogen
to 1 ml of given liquid in dry test gas.
tube.

(b) Ester Test


Take a small quantity of the given Fruity smell. Alcoholic group is present.
organic compound in a clean test
tube, add 1 ml of ethyl alcohol and
1-2 drops of conc. sulphuric acid
into it. Heat the reaction mixture on
a water bath for about 5 minutes.
Pour the mixture into a beaker
containing water.

(c) Ceric ammonium nitrate Test


Take about 1 ml of the given liquid Red colour is developed. Alcoholic group is present.
in a clean dry test tube and add few
drops of ceric ammonium nitrate
reagent and shake it well.

Result: The given organic compound contains Alcoholic functional group.

Page 01of 01 NIRAJ KALWANI


PGT CHEMISTRY
K V NO.1 SATNA

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